四、根据首字母提示写单词补全短文
Do you like winter? It’s the coldest season. Here are some things everyone should know 1. a winter.
Winter is the season when the temperature 2. d and white snow covers the ground. When the temperature is below zero, water freezes and ice forms. Everything becomes 3. w and looks very beautiful. After a heavy snowfall, children play in the snow. They build snow houses, make 4. s and have snowball fights. They 5. t balls at each other. Everyone has a good time in the 6. d snow. The cold weather can also be dangerous. Sometimes people slip on the 7. i and cars slide down hills knocking into each other. Some people also catch an 8. a cold when they stay out in the cold. Because winter is so cold, people have to find ways to keep 9. w. People wear heavy coats, scarves for their necks, gloves for their hands and boots for their feet.
Children drink hot milk 10. w they come in from the cold outside. And families sit around the fire at night and talk about the things they did during the day.

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于冬天的一些常识，包括冬天的气候特点、冬天的活动、冬天的危险性以及人们为了保暖所采取的措施。
1. about 2. drops 3. white 4. snowmen 5. throw 6. deep
7. ice 8. awful 9. warm 10. when

【分析】
本题为根据首字母提示补全短文的题型，解题时需先通读全文把握主旨（介绍冬天的相关常识），再结合上下文语境、固定搭配、词汇含义及首字母提示，推断每个空应填的单词，同时注意单词的正确形式（如名词复数、动词第三人称单数等）。
【解析】
1. 结合句意“关于冬天的一些事”，固定搭配“关于”为about，故填about；
2. 主语temperature是第三人称单数，结合语境“温度下降”，动词drop的第三人称单数形式为drops，故填drops；
3. 雪覆盖后一切变白，结合首字母w，填white；
4. 堆雪人时雪人需用复数形式，snowman的复数为snowmen，故填snowmen；
5. 结合“打雪仗”的语境，互相扔球对应动词throw，故填throw；
6. 结合“在雪里玩”的场景，“深雪”对应形容词deep，故填deep；
7. 结合“滑倒”的原因，是在冰上，对应名词ice，故填ice；
8. 固定搭配“感冒”为catch an awful cold，结合首字母a，填awful；
9. 固定搭配“保暖”为keep warm，故填warm；
10. 句意“当他们从外面进来时”，对应连词when，故填when。
【答案】
1.about 2.drops 3.white 4.snowmen 5.throw 6.deep 7.ice 8.awful 9.warm 10.when
【知识点】
首字母填空、固定搭配、名词复数
【点评】
本题考查学生对基础词汇、语境逻辑及固定搭配的掌握，需结合短文主旨推断单词，难度适中，是初中英语常见的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、阅读表达
In China, there are 24 solar terms in a year. And there are six of them in winter. They are Beginning of Winter, Light Snow, Heavy Snow, Winter Solstice (冬至), Lesser Cold (小寒) and Great Cold.
Beginning of Winter usually falls on November 7th or 8th. After Beginning of Winter, most parts of the country can start to expect cold weather. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to have a rest and spend time with family. Northern China celebrates Beginning of Winter as the “Small Spring Festival”. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day.
Light Snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and Heavy Snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th. When Winter Solstice comes, it brings the shortest days and the longest nights of the year. Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather yet. People often start counting “nine cold periods” starting from Winter Solstice. Every cold period has nine days. People believe that after 81 cold days, spring will come.
Great Cold comes after Lesser Cold. The fields are covered with snow. And all the people in China are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it. Of course, a new round of solar terms will start.
1. How many solar terms are there in winter?

2. Which part of China celebrates Beginning of Winter as the “Small Spring Festival”?

3. What does “it” in the third paragraph refer to?

4. When does Heavy Snow usually fall?

5. Why do people often count “nine cold periods”?

【主旨大意】本文介绍了中国冬季的六个节气。
1. There are 6 solar terms. 2. People in Northern China.
3. Winter Solstice. 4. It usually falls on December 7th or 8th.
5. Because people believe that after 81 cold days, spring will come.

【分析】本题为英语阅读细节类题目，解题思路为：先快速浏览全文把握主旨（介绍中国冬季的六个节气），再针对每个问题，通过关键词定位原文对应内容，提取精准信息即可得出答案，所有问题的答案均能在原文中直接找到，无需推理。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段“And there are six of them in winter.”，可知冬季有6个节气，故答案为There are 6 solar terms.
2. 定位原文第二段“Northern China celebrates Beginning of Winter as the “Small Spring Festival”.”，可知是中国北方，故答案为People in Northern China.
3. 定位原文第三段“When Winter Solstice comes, it brings the shortest days and the longest nights of the year.”，此处it指代前面的Winter Solstice，故答案为Winter Solstice.
4. 定位原文第三段“Heavy Snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th.”，可知大雪的时间，故答案为It usually falls on December 7th or 8th.
5. 定位原文第三段最后“People believe that after 81 cold days, spring will come.”，可知数九寒天的原因，故答案为Because people believe that after 81 cold days, spring will come.
【答案】
1. There are 6 solar terms.
2. People in Northern China.
3. Winter Solstice.
4. It usually falls on December 7th or 8th.
5. Because people believe that after 81 cold days, spring will come.
【知识点】英语阅读理解（细节查找）
【点评】本题考查英语阅读的细节定位能力，所有答案均可在原文中直接获取，难度较低，适合中等及以下水平的学生完成。
【难度系数】0.8