Passage 1
Last weekend, I had an amazing time with my family. Our plan was (1)
(go) to the countryside(乡村) and have a picnic by the lake.
In the morning, my parents started (2) (prepare) food for the picnic.
My mum spent a long time (3) (make) sandwiches, cutting fresh vegetables,
and baking(烘焙) delicious cookies. She asked me (4) (help) wash the
fruits. While I was busy (5) (wash) them, my little brother was looking
forward to (6) (go) to the countryside and playing by the lake. He used to
(7) (be) afraid of going far away from home, but now he is used to
(8) (go) on these family outings.
We put all the food and drinks into the car and (9) (set) off. The drive to
the countryside was full of excitement. As we got closer to the lake, we (10)
(can) already feel the fresh air and the peaceful atmosphere(气氛).

1. to go
2. preparing/to prepare
3. making
4. to help
5. washing
6. going
7. be
8. going
9. set
10. could

【分析】
这是一道动词形式填空题，解题思路如下：第一步先通读全文，确定文章整体讲述上周末的家庭出行经历，核心语境为一般过去时；第二步逐个判断每个空格的语法属性，区分空格处需要填非谓语动词变形，还是谓语动词的时态变形；第三步结合对应的固定搭配规则、时态一致要求推导答案，遇到带to的短语要先判断to是不定式符号还是介词，确认后续动词的正确形式，并列谓语要和前后文的过去时态保持统一，就能顺利得到所有正确结果。
【解析】
我们逐个推导每个空的答案依据：
1. 空格处作表语，用来解释说明计划的具体内容，不定式可作表语表示计划、安排的内容，因此填to go。
2. 动词start的固定用法为start doing sth. / start to do sth.，两种形式都表示“开始做某事”，因此填preparing或者to prepare均正确。
3. 固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.，意为“花费时间做某事”，省略介词in后动词要变为动名词形式，因此填making。
4. 固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.，意为“要求某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语，因此填to help。
5. 固定搭配be busy doing sth.，意为“忙于做某事”，后面接动名词，因此填washing。
6. 短语look forward to意为“期待”，此处to是介词，后面需要接动名词作宾语，因此填going。
7. 固定搭配used to do sth.，意为“过去常常做某事”，后面接动词原形，因此填be。
8. 此处be used to意为“习惯于做某事”，to是介词，后面接动名词，因此填going。
9. 空格处和前文的并列谓语put（过去式）时态保持一致，描述过去发生的动作，set的过去式为不规则变形，和原形同形，因此填set。
10. 全文为过去的叙事语境，情态动词can要变为对应的过去式，因此填could。
【答案】
1. to go
2. preparing/to prepare
3. making
4. to help
5. washing
6. going
7. be
8. going
9. set
10. could
【知识点】
1. 非谓语动词搭配
2. 一般过去时
3. 固定短语用法
【点评】
本题是初中英语的经典基础题型，覆盖了课标要求的高频动词搭配考点，核心易错点集中在区分look forward to、be used to中to为介词需接动名词，以及不规则动词set的过去式变形，能有效帮助学生厘清易混的动词短语用法，巩固动词形式变形的相关知识点。
【难度系数】
0.7

Passage 2
When my family arrived at the beautiful lake, we found a nice place to put down the picnic
blanket. The grass was soft, (1) (make) it perfect for lying down and
relaxing. I saw some ducks (2) (swim) in the lake, their webbed(有蹼的)
feet paddling gracefully(优雅地划水). It was so interesting (3) (watch)
them. The view was so beautiful that it was worth (4) (take) pictures.
After having a great picnic, we discussed what (5) (do) next. I
preferred (6) (take) a walk along the lake, while my brother wanted to fly a
kite. In the end, we did both. There were many colourful flowers blooming(盛开) along the lake,
making the air (7) (smell) sweet. My brother ran ahead, trying to catch a
butterfly. He was too excited (8) (notice) a small stone in his way and fell
down. I quickly ran to help him stand up.
On the way back home, we were all tired but happy. These family trips are always worth
(9) (look) forward to. We used to (10) (stay) at home
at the weekend, but now we value these outdoor activities. It was a wonderful weekend, full of
unforgettable memories. I can't wait for the next family trip.

1. making
2. swimming
3. to watch
4. taking
5. to do
6. to take
7. smell
8. to notice
9. looking
10. stay

【分析】
这是一道提示词型语法填空题，所有空格都给出了动词提示，核心考查动词的正确形式变形，解题思路如下：第一步先通读全文，明确语篇是记叙家庭周末湖边野餐出游的经历，理清整体语境逻辑。第二步逐个分析每个空格所在的句子结构，先判断句中是否已经存在完整的谓语动词，如果已有谓语，提示动词就需要变形为非谓语形式，再结合动作的主动/被动属性、动作发生的时间逻辑，同时匹配平时积累的固定句型、动词固定搭配规则，就能推导出每个空的正确形式。
【解析】
1. 空格前"The grass was soft"是完整的主系表结构，句中已有谓语动词was，此处用现在分词making作结果状语，表达草很软自然而然带来的结果：非常适合躺下放松，故填making。
2. 此处考查固定搭配see sb. doing sth.，表示“看见某人正在做某事”，强调看到动作正在发生，句意为我看到一些鸭子正在湖里游，故填swimming。
3. 此处是固定句型It is + 形容词 + to do sth.，it是形式主语，不定式作句子真正的主语，句意为看它们实在太有意思了，故填to watch。
4. 此处考查固定搭配be worth doing，意为“值得做某事”，主动形式表被动含义，句意为景色太美了值得拍照留念，故填taking。
5. 此处是“特殊疑问词what + 不定式”的结构，整体作动词discussed的宾语，表达“讨论接下来要做什么”的含义，故填to do。
6. 此处考查固定搭配prefer to do sth.，意为“更喜欢做某事”，句意为我更喜欢沿着湖边散步，故填to take。
7. 此处考查使役动词make的特殊用法，结构为make sth. do sth.，要用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，句意为让空气闻起来十分清甜，故填smell。
8. 此处是固定句型too...to...，意为“太……而不能……”，句意为他太兴奋了，没注意到路上的小石子然后摔倒了，故填to notice。
9. 再次考查固定搭配be worth doing，意为“值得做某事”，句意为这些家庭旅行总是值得期待，故填looking。
10. 此处考查固定搭配used to do sth.，意为“过去常常做某事”，句意为我们过去周末常常待在家里，故填stay。
【答案】
1. making 2. swimming 3. to watch 4. taking 5. to do 6. to take 7. smell 8. to notice 9. looking 10. stay
【知识点】
非谓语动词，固定句型，动词搭配
【点评】
本题选取贴近学生日常生活的家庭出游作为语篇载体，全部考查非谓语动词的基础高频考点，没有设置偏难怪的陷阱，能够有效检验学生对非谓语常见搭配、基本用法的掌握程度。学生备考时要注意区分不同动词后接非谓语的形式差异，比如make后宾补省略to、be worth后接动名词这类易混点，夯实基础就能顺利拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.7