一、完形填空 传统文化
阅读下面的短文,从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
The Winter Solstice(冬至)
Dongzhi is the Chinese name for the Winter Solstice. It $\underline{1}$ the same date as the rest of the Northern Hemisphere. It is the 22nd of its 24 solar $\underline{2}$.
The Winter Solstice is an $\underline{3}$ festival for the Chinese. They prepare for the $\underline{4}$ time of the year. In one saying, it's $\underline{5}$ "more important" than Chinese New Year.
$\underline{6}$ is a big part of Chinese festivals. Winter Solstice is no $\underline{7}$. In the north, people eat dumplings-as they do for other major festivals. Many will also enjoy a bowl of hot mutton soup(羊肉汤) to stay $\underline{8}$.
The $\underline{9}$ of eating dumplings originated from a story about a doctor from the Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing. One day, he saw poor people suffering from the cold on his way home and decided to $\underline{10}$ them. He asked his assistants to $\underline{11}$ up some mutton, herbs and pepper, and then to put the mixture in wrappers(面皮). His dish $\underline{12}$ like the dumpling we eat today.
The weather here in the $\underline{13}$ is not as cold. People eat tangyuan and noodles. Some families in Zhejiang cook eggs with longans(龙眼) and red dates(红枣). In some cities and towns along the Yangtze River, people also eat glutinous rice(糯米) with red beans. All the food for the Winter Solstice should be $\underline{14}$.
As the coldest days arrive, people can easily get sick. It is better to put on more clothes and stay indoors. Regular sleep and exercise will do us good, too. Cold weather is $\underline{15}$ to be afraid of. After all, when winter is here, spring is near.
()1. A. shows
B. shares
C. makes
D. takes
()2. A. terms
B. systems
C. topics
D. projects
()3. A. interesting
B. important
C. expensive
D. excellent
()4. A. earliest
B. busiest
C. hardest
D. coldest
()5. A. just
B. always
C. even
D. still
()6. A. Luck
B. Weather
C. Food
D. Culture
()7. A. different
B. similar
C. popular
D. valuable
()8. A. slim
B. warm
C. calm
D. happy
()9. A. taste
B. history
C. shape
D. tradition
()10. A. teach
B. leave
C. help
D. choose
()11. A. show
B. take
C. give
D. cook
()12. A. tasted
B. looked
C. felt
D. smelt
()13. A. west
B. north
C. south
D. east
()14. A. healthy
B. rare
C. perfect
D. famous
()15. A. nothing
B. everything
C. something
D. anything

1—5. BABDC 6—10. CABDC 11—15. DBCAA
【完形填空】
本文是一篇说明文,介绍中国传统节气“冬至”:冬至是北半球共有的节气(24节气中第22个),也是中国重要的传统节日,其重要性甚至堪比春节;文章讲述了北方冬至吃饺子的习俗起源(汉代张仲景救助受冻百姓),还介绍了南北地区不同的冬至饮食习俗,最后提醒冬至后天气寒冷需注意保暖。
第1题:考查点:动词辨析及语境理解
原文依据:“It ______ the same date as the rest of the Northern Hemisphere”
选项分析:冬至“共享”北半球的同一日期,B. shares(共享)符合语义;A. shows(展示)、C. makes(制作)、D. takes(拿走)均不符合“日期一致”的逻辑。
结论:选B。
第2题:考查点:名词辨析及文化常识
原文依据:“It is the 22nd of its 24 solar ______”
选项分析:“solar terms”是“节气”的固定搭配,A. terms(节气)符合24节气的表述;B. systems(系统)、C. topics(主题)、D. projects(项目)均不符合。
结论:选A。
第5题:考查点:副词辨析及语义强调
原文依据:“In one saying, it's ______ ‘more important’ than Chinese New Year”
选项分析:“even”用于加强比较级语气,体现冬至“甚至”比春节重要,C. even(甚至)符合语义;A. just(仅仅)、B. always(总是)、D. still(仍然)均不匹配。
结论:选C。
第8题:考查点:形容词辨析及语境推理
原文依据:“enjoy a bowl of hot mutton soup to stay ______”
选项分析:喝热羊肉汤是为了御寒保暖,B. warm(温暖的)符合逻辑;A. slim(苗条的)、C. calm(平静的)、D. happy(开心的)均与“御寒”无关。
结论:选B。
第10题:考查点:动词辨析及上下文呼应
原文依据:“he saw poor people suffering from the cold ... decided to ______ them”
选项分析:张仲景看到百姓受冻,决定“帮助”他们,C. help(帮助)契合后文“制作食物救助”的情节;A. teach(教)、B. leave(离开)、D. choose(选择)均不符合。
结论:选C。

【分析】
做完形填空需遵循“通读全文→逐题分析→代入检查”的思路：1. 先通读短文，把握主旨（本文围绕中国传统节气冬至展开，介绍其地位、南北饮食习俗等）；2. 逐题结合语境、词汇辨析、固定搭配、文化常识分析选项，比如第1题需理解“共享日期”的语义，第2题要知道“节气”的固定表达，第5题需掌握修饰比较级的副词用法；3. 最后代入所选答案通读，验证逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】
1. 考查动词辨析及语境：冬至与北半球其他地区“共享”同一日期，shares符合语义，选B。
2. 考查固定搭配：“solar terms”是“节气”的固定表达，terms符合，选A。
3. 考查形容词辨析：冬至对中国来说是“重要的”节日，important符合，选B。
4. 考查形容词最高级语境：冬至对应一年中“最冷的”时段，coldest符合，选D。
5. 考查副词修饰比较级：even可加强比较级语气，体现冬至“甚至”比春节重要，选C。
6. 考查名词语境：下文围绕冬至饮食展开，food符合，选C。
7. 考查形容词语境：冬至和其他节日一样，no different（无差异）符合，选A。
8. 考查形容词语境：喝热羊肉汤是为了“保暖”，warm符合，选B。
9. 考查名词辨析：吃饺子的“传统”起源于张仲景的故事，tradition符合，选D。
10. 考查动词辨析：张仲景看到百姓受冻决定“帮助”他们，help符合，选C。
11. 考查动词辨析：助手“煮”羊肉、草药等，cook符合，选D。
12. 考查动词辨析：他做的食物“看起来”像现在的饺子，looked符合，选B。
13. 考查方位名词语境：南方天气没那么冷，south符合，选C。
14. 考查形容词语境：冬至的食物应“健康”，healthy符合，选A。
15. 考查不定代词辨析：冷天“没什么”可怕的，nothing符合，选A。
【答案】
1—5. BABDC 6—10. CABDC 11—15. DBCAA
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词汇辨析、中国传统文化常识
【点评】
本文是介绍中国传统节气冬至的完形填空，题材贴近传统文化，重点考查词汇辨析、固定搭配及语境理解，需结合上下文逻辑和文化常识解题，是难度适中的常见完形题型。
【难度系数】
0.6