Ⅰ. Complete the sentences with proper English words according to the Chinese given.
1. （充足；大量）of tourists take a trip to Hangzhou every year. It's a beautiful city.
2. Eric, is the snake alive or （死的）?
3. Our teachers are （友好的）to us and try to help us as well.
4. Jason quickly took a picture of the whale before it disappeared in the （海洋）.
5. I don't like to do the dishes. （实际上）, I hate it.
6. The sun can give us light and heat and is important for （人类）.
7. Lots of plants grow in the （森林）.
8. Is there anything valuable in your （找不到的）bag, sir?
9. What （极好的，有趣的）animals they are!
10. Wood and stone are the only raw materials on this （岛屿）.

1. Plenty 2. dead 3. friendly 4. ocean 5. Actually 6. humans 7. forest 8. missing 9. fantastic 10. island

【分析】首先，解题时需结合句子语境和给出的中文提示，确定所需单词的词义，同时注意固定搭配、词性及单词的正确形式。例如第1题，“充足；大量”对应固定搭配plenty of，故用Plenty；第2题需与alive（活着的）对应，填形容词“死的”即dead；第3题考查固定搭配be friendly to（对……友好），填friendly；其余题目依次根据中文提示和句子结构，匹配正确的单词即可。
【解析】1. 根据中文“充足；大量”及固定搭配plenty of，填Plenty；2. 与alive对应，填形容词“死的”dead；3. 固定搭配be friendly to，填friendly；4. 中文“海洋”对应ocean；5. 句首需用副词，“实际上”对应Actually；6. “人类”常用复数humans；7. “森林”对应forest；8. “找不到的”对应形容词missing；9. “极好的，有趣的”对应fantastic；10. “岛屿”对应island。
【答案】1. Plenty 2. dead 3. friendly 4. ocean 5. Actually 6. humans 7. forest 8. missing 9. fantastic 10. island
【知识点】英语单词拼写、固定搭配运用、词性辨析
【点评】本题为基础英语词汇填空题，主要考察核心常用词汇的掌握及固定搭配的运用，题目难度较低，适合巩固基础词汇。
【难度系数】0.2

Ⅱ. Complete the sentences with the proper forms of words given.
11. I find those (character) in the book very interesting.
12. In the happy old days, there was lots of food (eat).
13. It smells good. The classroom (be) full of the delicious smell.
14. My hometown is (peace) and beautiful.
15. After (arrive) at the zoo, we went to see the elephants.

11. characters 12. to eat 13. is 14. peaceful 15. arriving

【分析】
本题为英语词形变换题，需结合语法规则和固定搭配确定单词的正确形式：11题中指示代词those后接可数名词复数，需将名词变为复数；12题考查there be sth to do的固定结构，不定式作定语；13题主语为单数，结合一般现在时确定be动词形式；14题and连接并列形容词，需将名词转换为形容词；15题中after为介词，后接动名词，需将动词变为动名词形式。
【解析】
11. 句意：我发现书里的那些人物很有趣。those修饰可数名词复数，character的复数形式为characters，故填characters。
12. 句意：在快乐的旧时光里，有很多食物可以吃。there be sth to do是固定搭配，不定式作定语修饰名词food，故填to eat。
13. 句意：闻起来很香，教室里充满了美味的气味。主语the classroom为单数第三人称，句子为一般现在时，be动词用is，故填is。
14. 句意：我的家乡宁静又美丽。and连接两个并列形容词作表语，peace的形容词形式为peaceful，故填peaceful。
15. 句意：到达动物园后，我们去看大象。介词after后需接动词的动名词形式，arrive的动名词为arriving，故填arriving。
【答案】
11. characters 12. to eat 13. is 14. peaceful 15. arriving
【知识点】
词形变换规则、固定搭配、一般现在时
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词形变换，涵盖词性转换与常用固定结构，是学生需掌握的基础知识点，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅲ. Read the passage and choose the best answers.
Seahorses are small fish with a long nose. People call them “seahorses” because their heads look like the horse. Though seahorses are fish, they aren’t great swimmers.
There are over 40 different kinds of seahorses. They mostly live in warm, shallow waters around the world. Seahorses are important to the ocean environment.
However, many kinds of seahorses are in danger. One of them are White’s Seahorses. White’s Seahorses live near Sydney, Australia. In 2020, they became the second most endangered kind of seahorses in the world because people polluted their living places there.
To help save them, the scientists had released(放生) White’s Seahorses many times. For the fifth time, they put about 380 White’s Seahorses into the sea. Luckily, about 90% of them were alive this time. It is unusually high. The scientists were hoping that there would be more and more young seahorses. One of the scientists said, “We hope we’ll see the animals grow over the next time.”
We should take action to protect nature. In this way, we can protect seahorses. We believe they will live safely in the future.
()16. What can we know about seahorses according to Paragraphs 1—2?
A. They are big fish like horses.
B. They are not good at swimming.
C. Most of them live in cool waters.
D. There are only 40 kinds of them.
()17. How many seahorses were alive in the fifth release?
A. Over 40.
B. Over 380.
C. About 90.
D. About 340.
()18. What can we infer about the future of seahorses from the last paragraph?
A. It’s hopeful.
B. It’s worrying.
C. It’s surely disappointing.
D. We don’t know.
()19. Where can we possibly read this passage?
A. In a science book.
B. On an advice page.
C. In a magazine of sports.
D. In a storybook.

16. B 17. D 18. A 19. A

【分析】做这类英语阅读理解题，需先明确题目考查类型，再根据题干关键词定位原文对应内容，将选项与原文逐一比对，排除错误选项选出答案。本题涵盖细节理解、数据计算、推理判断、文章出处四类题型，需分别对应原文信息分析。
【解析】
16题：定位原文第1段，原文提到“they aren’t great swimmers”，对应B选项；A选项“big fish”与原文“small fish”不符；C选项“cool waters”与原文“warm waters”不符；D选项“only 40 kinds”与原文“over 40 different kinds”不符，故选B。
17题：定位原文第4段，第五次放生约380只海马，存活比例为90%，计算得380×90%≈340，对应D选项，故选D。
18题：定位原文最后一段，提到“We believe they will live safely in the future”，说明海马的未来有希望，对应A选项，故选A。
19题：文章围绕海马的特征、生存现状及保护展开，属于科学类内容，最可能出现在科学书中，对应A选项，故选A。
【答案】16.B 17.D 18.A 19.A
【知识点】阅读理解（细节理解、推理判断、文章出处）
【点评】本题以海马保护为主题，考查英语阅读理解核心能力，涵盖细节查找、数据计算、推理判断及体裁判断，贴近环保热点，难度适中，适合巩固阅读技巧。
【难度系数】0.6