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六、阅读短文并回答问题。
Robinson Crusoe，a young Englishman with a strong desire for adventure，was determined to sail across the seas. Despite his parents' strong disagreement，he went on a voyage secretly. Unfortunately，his ship was destroyed by a huge storm. He became the only survivor and was washed up on an unknown island...
When I woke up，the storm was over. I found myself lying on a strange island. The sun was shining brightly，and the waves were gently beating against the shore. There was nothing but sand，rocks and thick forest as far as I could see. My ship had been broken into pieces during the storm，and all the sailors had disappeared. I was completely alone，with no one to turn to for help.
At first I felt hopeless and afraid. I had no food，no clean water and no tools. I did not know where I was or how long I might survive in this wild place. But soon I realized that crying and worrying were completely useless.
I walked along the shore and saw our ship's wreckage(残骸) nearby，and went over and climbed on board. I managed to take several useful things from it：some bread，rice，guns，bullets，daily tools，and even a few coins. I made a small raft to carry them to the shore，after which I built a simple tent near a hill and lit a fire for warmth and safety. Sitting by the fire，I promised myself I would never give up.
In the following days，I worked hard to survive on the island. I found safe wild fruits to eat，made a fishing net to catch fish for food，and made simple wooden tools such as an axe and a shovel. Every afternoon，I collected dry wood to keep a fire burning day and night because the fire could scare away dangerous animals. Every night，I wrote down my experiences in my journal to encourage myself and stay brave.
Slowly，the island no longer seemed so terrible. I told myself again and again：I must keep going.
1. What happened to Robinson Crusoe's ship when he set sail?
2. Why did Robinson feel hopeless and afraid at first on the island?
3. From the underlined part，what can we tell about Robinson Crusoe's character?
4. How did Robinson make a living and protect himself on the island?
5. If you were Robinson，what would you do first to improve your life on the island? Why?
Robinson Crusoe，a young Englishman with a strong desire for adventure，was determined to sail across the seas. Despite his parents' strong disagreement，he went on a voyage secretly. Unfortunately，his ship was destroyed by a huge storm. He became the only survivor and was washed up on an unknown island...
When I woke up，the storm was over. I found myself lying on a strange island. The sun was shining brightly，and the waves were gently beating against the shore. There was nothing but sand，rocks and thick forest as far as I could see. My ship had been broken into pieces during the storm，and all the sailors had disappeared. I was completely alone，with no one to turn to for help.
At first I felt hopeless and afraid. I had no food，no clean water and no tools. I did not know where I was or how long I might survive in this wild place. But soon I realized that crying and worrying were completely useless.
I walked along the shore and saw our ship's wreckage(残骸) nearby，and went over and climbed on board. I managed to take several useful things from it：some bread，rice，guns，bullets，daily tools，and even a few coins. I made a small raft to carry them to the shore，after which I built a simple tent near a hill and lit a fire for warmth and safety. Sitting by the fire，I promised myself I would never give up.
In the following days，I worked hard to survive on the island. I found safe wild fruits to eat，made a fishing net to catch fish for food，and made simple wooden tools such as an axe and a shovel. Every afternoon，I collected dry wood to keep a fire burning day and night because the fire could scare away dangerous animals. Every night，I wrote down my experiences in my journal to encourage myself and stay brave.
Slowly，the island no longer seemed so terrible. I told myself again and again：I must keep going.
1. What happened to Robinson Crusoe's ship when he set sail?
His ship was destroyed by a huge storm.
2. Why did Robinson feel hopeless and afraid at first on the island?
Because he had no food, no clean water, no tools and was completely alone.
3. From the underlined part，what can we tell about Robinson Crusoe's character?
He was positive, brave and persistent.
4. How did Robinson make a living and protect himself on the island?
He found safe wild fruits to eat, made a fishing net to catch fish, made simple wooden tools, collected dry wood to keep a fire burning and wrote in his journal every night.
5. If you were Robinson，what would you do first to improve your life on the island? Why?
I would build a safer shelter first because I need a safe place to rest and protect myself from danger.（言之有理即可）
答案
1. His ship was destroyed by a huge storm.
2. Because he had no food, no clean water, no tools and was completely alone.
3. He was positive, brave and persistent.
4. He found safe wild fruits to eat, made a fishing net to catch fish, made simple wooden tools, collected dry wood to keep a fire burning and wrote in his journal every night.
5. I would build a safer shelter first because I need a safe place to rest and protect myself from danger.（言之有理即可）
2. Because he had no food, no clean water, no tools and was completely alone.
3. He was positive, brave and persistent.
4. He found safe wild fruits to eat, made a fishing net to catch fish, made simple wooden tools, collected dry wood to keep a fire burning and wrote in his journal every night.
5. I would build a safer shelter first because I need a safe place to rest and protect myself from danger.（言之有理即可）
解析
【分析】
做此类阅读理解题，需先通读短文把握核心内容；针对每个问题，回到原文定位对应段落或语句，提取关键信息作答；人物性格题需分析划线部分的行为表现总结性格；开放性题目结合自身实际，表述合理即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段，找到关于船遭遇的描述：“his ship was destroyed by a huge storm”，整理为答案。
2. 定位原文第三段，提取绝望害怕的原因：“I had no food，no clean water and no tools. I was completely alone”，整理为答案。
3. 分析划线部分的行为：去船残骸取有用物品、制作木筏搬运物资、搭建帐篷生火，这些行为体现出他面对困境时积极应对、勇敢且坚持的性格。
4. 定位原文第五段，提取生存与自我保护的行为：找安全野果、制作渔网捕鱼、制作木制工具、收集干木维持火堆、写日记鼓励自己，整理为答案。
5. 为开放性题目，结合自身需求，选择合理的做法及原因即可，如先建更安全的住所，因为需要安全的休息空间以躲避危险。
【答案】
1. His ship was destroyed by a huge storm.
2. Because he had no food, no clean water, no tools and was completely alone.
3. He was positive, brave and persistent.
4. He found safe wild fruits to eat, made a fishing net to catch fish, made simple wooden tools, collected dry wood to keep a fire burning and wrote in his journal every night.
5. I would build a safer shelter first because I need a safe place to rest and protect myself from danger.（言之有理即可）
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、人物性格分析
【点评】
本题以《鲁滨逊漂流记》的节选为阅读材料，设置细节查找、人物性格分析及开放性表达类题目，考查学生的信息提取能力、文本分析能力和语言运用能力，符合初中英语阅读理解的考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.3
做此类阅读理解题，需先通读短文把握核心内容；针对每个问题，回到原文定位对应段落或语句，提取关键信息作答；人物性格题需分析划线部分的行为表现总结性格；开放性题目结合自身实际，表述合理即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段，找到关于船遭遇的描述：“his ship was destroyed by a huge storm”，整理为答案。
2. 定位原文第三段，提取绝望害怕的原因：“I had no food，no clean water and no tools. I was completely alone”，整理为答案。
3. 分析划线部分的行为：去船残骸取有用物品、制作木筏搬运物资、搭建帐篷生火，这些行为体现出他面对困境时积极应对、勇敢且坚持的性格。
4. 定位原文第五段，提取生存与自我保护的行为：找安全野果、制作渔网捕鱼、制作木制工具、收集干木维持火堆、写日记鼓励自己，整理为答案。
5. 为开放性题目，结合自身需求，选择合理的做法及原因即可，如先建更安全的住所，因为需要安全的休息空间以躲避危险。
【答案】
1. His ship was destroyed by a huge storm.
2. Because he had no food, no clean water, no tools and was completely alone.
3. He was positive, brave and persistent.
4. He found safe wild fruits to eat, made a fishing net to catch fish, made simple wooden tools, collected dry wood to keep a fire burning and wrote in his journal every night.
5. I would build a safer shelter first because I need a safe place to rest and protect myself from danger.（言之有理即可）
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、人物性格分析
【点评】
本题以《鲁滨逊漂流记》的节选为阅读材料，设置细节查找、人物性格分析及开放性表达类题目，考查学生的信息提取能力、文本分析能力和语言运用能力，符合初中英语阅读理解的考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.3
