C
With the rapid development of technology, China's aerospace industry(航空航天工业) has achieved remarkable achievements that have gained worldwide attention. The Shenzhou-19 manned spacecraft was launched(发射) on October 30th, 2024. Song Lingdong was one of the astronauts on this mission(任务).
Born into a farmer's family in Caoxian, Shandong Province, Song was recruited(招募) by the People's Liberation Army Air Force(中国人民解放军空军) in 2008 and was sent to learn flying.
In the first months at the Air Force's flight school, Song had bad scores on his tests because of long-time malnutrition(营养不良). He also went through a hard time flying in the training machine because of air sickness(晕机).
Knowing clearly about his weaknesses, Song decided to deal with them through hard work and strict training. He soon became the only student in his class who always appeared on the exercise field and often asked the trainers to double the amount of his training. Thanks to his hard work, he received the top score in his solo flight examination and was praised for his excellent performance.
Song Lingdong said that, when he was just 13, he watched a TV news report about China's first spaceflight. ▲ In September 2020, he was chosen as one of the third group of astronauts and began his training in Beijing. Later, Song found he was troubled by his character—being impatient. He soon realized that what a successful astronaut really needed was calmness and team spirit. He learned to slow down and even started going fishing to improve his patience.
Now, with the launch of Shenzhou-19, his dream has come true.
()48. What's the purpose of writing Paragraph 1?
A. To tell a story.
B. To tell the differences.
C. To introduce the background.
D. To introduce China's aerospace industry.
()49. What does the underlined word "weaknesses" in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?
A. 担心
B. 弱点
C. 胆怯
D. 冷静
()50. Which of the following can be put in " ▲ " in Paragraph 5?
A. That made him want to fly into space.
B. He wanted to be a successful teacher.
C. That made him very interested in learning.
D. He thought the news report was very true.
()51. Which of the following can best describe Song's experience?
A. 长风破浪会有时,直挂云帆济沧海。
B. 黑发不知勤学早,白首方悔读书迟。
C. 读书不觉已春深,一寸光阴一寸金。
D. 江东子弟多才俊,卷土重来未可知。
D

48. C 【解析】写作目的题。根据“With the rapid development of technology...on October 30th, 2024. Song Lingdong was one of the astronauts on this mission.”可知,主要是引出宋令东参与神舟十九号任务的背景,为后文讲他的经历作铺垫,故选C。
49. B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据“In the first...training machine because of air sickness.”可知,这些是宋令东存在的不足,即弱点,后面说他决定通过努力克服这些weaknesses,所以weaknesses意为“弱点”,故选B。
50. A 【解析】句子还原题。根据“Song Lingdong said that...China's first spaceflight.”和“In September 2020, he was chosen as one of the third group of astronauts...”可知,看新闻这件事激发了他的航天梦,让他想进入太空。因此A选项“这使他产生了飞入太空的想法”符合语境,故选A。
51. A 【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知,宋令东克服了营养不良、晕机、性格急躁等困难,最终实现航天梦想。A选项“长风破浪会有时,直挂云帆济沧海”意为“尽管前路障碍重重,但仍会有一天乘长风破万里浪,挂上云帆,横渡沧海,到达理想的彼岸”,符合宋令东克服困难实现航天梦的经历,故选A。

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含写作目的题、词义猜测题、句子还原题、推理判断题四种常见题型。解题时需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对各小题定位对应段落，结合上下文语境、段落逻辑及选项含义逐一分析排除，确定正确答案。
【解析】
48. 写作目的题：第一段介绍中国航天发展背景，引出神舟十九号发射及航天员宋令东的相关信息，为后文讲述宋令东的经历做铺垫，因此写作目的是介绍背景，选C。
49. 词义猜测题：根据第四段前文提到的“营养不良导致成绩差、晕机”等内容，可知这些是宋令东存在的不足，即“弱点”，结合后文“通过努力克服”的描述，可推断weaknesses意为“弱点”，选B。
50. 句子还原题：第五段前文提到宋令东13岁观看中国首次太空飞行的新闻，后文提到他2020年被选为航天员，中间需衔接该新闻对他的影响，A选项“这使他产生了飞入太空的想法”符合逻辑，选A。
51. 推理判断题：全文讲述宋令东克服营养不良、晕机、性格急躁等困难，最终实现航天梦想的经历。A选项诗句表达克服困难实现理想的信念，与宋令东的经历契合；B强调勤学、C强调珍惜时间、D强调失败后振作，均不符合，选A。
【答案】
48.C 49.B 50.A 51.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、词义猜测、推理判断
【点评】
本文以航天员宋令东的成长与圆梦为线索，题型覆盖阅读理解核心题型，注重考查学生的语篇理解、语境推断及文化常识（诗句含义）运用能力，整体难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.7