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六、阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每小题的四个选项中，选出能回答所给问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
Do you enjoy eating hamburgers, hot dogs, French fries and chips? Do you like soft drinks, candy and fried ice cream? If your answers are “yes”, please take care(小心). They are junk food! What is junk food? Junk food has lots of fat, salt and sugar, but few nutrients(营养物质). Most scientists say junk food is unhealthy. Junk food has been popular in the world for many years. Why? Firstly, it is cheap to make. Secondly, it is quick and easy for people to eat. Thirdly, most junk food has food additives(添加剂). So it looks and tastes better. People can keep it for a long time. Junk food is bad for health. Eating much junk food may bring some health problems.
It's OK to have junk food now and then (偶尔). How often should you have it? If you are too heavy, you should eat little junk food. If you are not overweight, you can have some after you have enough milk, fruit, vegetables and bread.
1. What do scientists think of junk food?
A. Delicious.
B. Unhealthy.
C. Cheap.
D. Heavy.
2. Food additives can make food
①cheap to make ②quick and easy to eat
③look and taste good ④easy to keep
A. ①②
B. ①④
C. ③④
D. ②③
3. The underlined word “overweight” means “
A. 超重的
B. 超常的
C. 超值的
D. 超前的
4. Which of the following is NOT good for our health?
A. Milk.
B. Fruit.
C. Vegetables.
D. Ice cream.
5. What is the best title for this passage?
A. How to Be Healthy.
B. Junk Food.
C. Food Additives.
D. Should We Eat Healthy Food?
阅读下面短文，从每小题的四个选项中，选出能回答所给问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
Do you enjoy eating hamburgers, hot dogs, French fries and chips? Do you like soft drinks, candy and fried ice cream? If your answers are “yes”, please take care(小心). They are junk food! What is junk food? Junk food has lots of fat, salt and sugar, but few nutrients(营养物质). Most scientists say junk food is unhealthy. Junk food has been popular in the world for many years. Why? Firstly, it is cheap to make. Secondly, it is quick and easy for people to eat. Thirdly, most junk food has food additives(添加剂). So it looks and tastes better. People can keep it for a long time. Junk food is bad for health. Eating much junk food may bring some health problems.
It's OK to have junk food now and then (偶尔). How often should you have it? If you are too heavy, you should eat little junk food. If you are not overweight, you can have some after you have enough milk, fruit, vegetables and bread.
1. What do scientists think of junk food?
A. Delicious.
B. Unhealthy.
C. Cheap.
D. Heavy.
2. Food additives can make food
C
.①cheap to make ②quick and easy to eat
③look and taste good ④easy to keep
A. ①②
B. ①④
C. ③④
D. ②③
3. The underlined word “overweight” means “
A
”.A. 超重的
B. 超常的
C. 超值的
D. 超前的
4. Which of the following is NOT good for our health?
A. Milk.
B. Fruit.
C. Vegetables.
D. Ice cream.
5. What is the best title for this passage?
A. How to Be Healthy.
B. Junk Food.
C. Food Additives.
D. Should We Eat Healthy Food?
答案
六、1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B
解析
【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，首先可以先快速通读全文，明确文章核心是围绕“垃圾食品”展开，介绍了垃圾食品的定义、流行原因、对健康的影响以及食用的注意事项。之后逐个对应题目回原文定位信息：细节题直接找到和题干匹配的原文语句比对选项；词义猜测题结合前后句的逻辑关系推导词义；主旨大意题梳理全文的论述核心，排除偏离主题的选项，就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段中“Most scientists say junk food is unhealthy.”的明确表述，可知科学家认为垃圾食品是不健康的，对应选项B。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“most junk food has food additives(添加剂). So it looks and tastes better. People can keep it for a long time.”可知，食品添加剂可以让食物外观和口感更好、便于长时间储存，对应③和④，选C。
3. 词义猜测题：划线词前一句提到“If you are too heavy, you should eat little junk food.”，后一句是对应的反向情况“如果你不______，可以在摄入足够健康食物后吃一点垃圾食品”，前后逻辑对应，too heavy指代体重过重，因此overweight的含义是“超重的”，选A。
4. 细节理解题：原文最后一段提到牛奶、水果、蔬菜都是需要足量摄入的健康食物，而冰淇淋属于开头列举的垃圾食品范畴，对健康不利，因此选D。
5. 主旨大意题：全文从引入垃圾食品的概念，到介绍它的特点、流行原因、健康影响、食用建议，所有内容都围绕垃圾食品展开，其余选项都只是文章局部涉及的内容，不能覆盖全文，因此最佳标题是B。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B
【知识点】
细节定位阅读，词义猜测，主旨归纳
【点评】
本篇阅读主题贴近日常健康饮食常识，大部分题目为直接匹配原文的细节题，整体难度偏低，既考察了学生的基础阅读信息提取能力，也能帮助学生树立正确的健康饮食观念。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这篇阅读理解时，首先可以先快速通读全文，明确文章核心是围绕“垃圾食品”展开，介绍了垃圾食品的定义、流行原因、对健康的影响以及食用的注意事项。之后逐个对应题目回原文定位信息：细节题直接找到和题干匹配的原文语句比对选项；词义猜测题结合前后句的逻辑关系推导词义；主旨大意题梳理全文的论述核心，排除偏离主题的选项，就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段中“Most scientists say junk food is unhealthy.”的明确表述，可知科学家认为垃圾食品是不健康的，对应选项B。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“most junk food has food additives(添加剂). So it looks and tastes better. People can keep it for a long time.”可知，食品添加剂可以让食物外观和口感更好、便于长时间储存，对应③和④，选C。
3. 词义猜测题：划线词前一句提到“If you are too heavy, you should eat little junk food.”，后一句是对应的反向情况“如果你不______，可以在摄入足够健康食物后吃一点垃圾食品”，前后逻辑对应，too heavy指代体重过重，因此overweight的含义是“超重的”，选A。
4. 细节理解题：原文最后一段提到牛奶、水果、蔬菜都是需要足量摄入的健康食物，而冰淇淋属于开头列举的垃圾食品范畴，对健康不利，因此选D。
5. 主旨大意题：全文从引入垃圾食品的概念，到介绍它的特点、流行原因、健康影响、食用建议，所有内容都围绕垃圾食品展开，其余选项都只是文章局部涉及的内容，不能覆盖全文，因此最佳标题是B。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B
【知识点】
细节定位阅读，词义猜测，主旨归纳
【点评】
本篇阅读主题贴近日常健康饮食常识，大部分题目为直接匹配原文的细节题，整体难度偏低，既考察了学生的基础阅读信息提取能力，也能帮助学生树立正确的健康饮食观念。
【难度系数】
0.8
