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一、写出下列单词的正确复数形式。
1. dress 16. child
2. tooth 17. fish
3. life 18. foot
4. glass 19. finger
5. horse 20. watch
6. cow 21. eraser
7. hen 22. toy
8. sheep 23.
snowman
9. boy 24. woman
10. photo 25. leaf
11. way 26. Chinese
12. goose 27. American
13. baby 28. family
14. potato 29. woman doctor
15. dog 30. man teacher
1. dress 16. child
2. tooth 17. fish
3. life 18. foot
4. glass 19. finger
5. horse 20. watch
6. cow 21. eraser
7. hen 22. toy
8. sheep 23.
snowman 9. boy 24. woman
10. photo 25. leaf
11. way 26. Chinese
12. goose 27. American
13. baby 28. family
14. potato 29. woman doctor
15. dog 30. man teacher
答案
1. dresses 2. teeth 3. lives 4. glasses 5. horses 6. cows 7. hens 8. sheep 9. boys 10. photos 11. ways 12. geese 13. babies 14. potatoes 15. dogs 16. children 17. fish 18. feet 19. fingers 20. watches 21. erasers 22. toys 23. snowmen 24. women 25. leaves 26. Chinese 27. Americans 28. families 29. women doctors 30. men teachers
解析
【分析】本题要求写出所给英语单词的正确复数形式，解题思路是回忆英语名词复数的变化规则：1. 一般情况直接在词尾加-s；2. 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词加-es；3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i再加-es；4. 部分名词有不规则复数形式，需特殊记忆；5. 复合名词中，若由man/woman构成，两个部分都要变为复数；部分名词单复数同形，需特殊判断。根据这些规则逐个分析每个单词，得出对应的复数形式。
【解析】1. dress（以s结尾）→ dresses；2. tooth（不规则变化）→ teeth；3. life（以f结尾，变f为v加-es）→ lives；4. glass（以s结尾）→ glasses；5. horse（一般情况）→ horses；6. cow（一般情况）→ cows；7. hen（一般情况）→ hens；8. sheep（单复数同形）→ sheep；9. boy（元音字母+y，直接加-s）→ boys；10. photo（无生命的以o结尾，加-s）→ photos；11. way（元音字母+y，直接加-s）→ ways；12. goose（不规则变化）→ geese；13. baby（辅音字母+y，变y为i加-es）→ babies；14. potato（有生命的以o结尾，加-es）→ potatoes；15. dog（一般情况）→ dogs；16. child（不规则变化）→ children；17. fish（指鱼的数量时单复数同形）→ fish；18. foot（不规则变化）→ feet；19. finger（一般情况）→ fingers；20. watch（以ch结尾）→ watches；21. eraser（一般情况）→ erasers；22. toy（元音字母+y，直接加-s）→ toys；23. snowman（不规则变化，man变men）→ snowmen；24. woman（不规则变化）→ women；25. leaf（以f结尾，变f为v加-es）→ leaves；26. Chinese（单复数同形）→ Chinese；27. American（一般情况，加-s）→ Americans；28. family（辅音字母+y，变y为i加-es）→ families；29. woman doctor（复合名词，两部分都变复数）→ women doctors；30. man teacher（复合名词，两部分都变复数）→ men teachers。
【答案】1. dresses 2. teeth 3. lives 4. glasses 5. horses 6. cows 7. hens 8. sheep 9. boys 10. photos 11. ways 12. geese 13. babies 14. potatoes 15. dogs 16. children 17. fish 18. feet 19. fingers 20. watches 21. erasers 22. toys 23. snowmen 24. women 25. leaves 26. Chinese 27. Americans 28. families 29. women doctors 30. men teachers
【知识点】英语名词复数形式
【点评】本题考查英语名词复数的变化规则，涵盖规则变化、不规则变化及复合名词的复数构成，需要学生熟练掌握相关规则并准确记忆特殊变化的单词，是英语基础知识点的常规考查。
【难度系数】0.3
【解析】1. dress（以s结尾）→ dresses；2. tooth（不规则变化）→ teeth；3. life（以f结尾，变f为v加-es）→ lives；4. glass（以s结尾）→ glasses；5. horse（一般情况）→ horses；6. cow（一般情况）→ cows；7. hen（一般情况）→ hens；8. sheep（单复数同形）→ sheep；9. boy（元音字母+y，直接加-s）→ boys；10. photo（无生命的以o结尾，加-s）→ photos；11. way（元音字母+y，直接加-s）→ ways；12. goose（不规则变化）→ geese；13. baby（辅音字母+y，变y为i加-es）→ babies；14. potato（有生命的以o结尾，加-es）→ potatoes；15. dog（一般情况）→ dogs；16. child（不规则变化）→ children；17. fish（指鱼的数量时单复数同形）→ fish；18. foot（不规则变化）→ feet；19. finger（一般情况）→ fingers；20. watch（以ch结尾）→ watches；21. eraser（一般情况）→ erasers；22. toy（元音字母+y，直接加-s）→ toys；23. snowman（不规则变化，man变men）→ snowmen；24. woman（不规则变化）→ women；25. leaf（以f结尾，变f为v加-es）→ leaves；26. Chinese（单复数同形）→ Chinese；27. American（一般情况，加-s）→ Americans；28. family（辅音字母+y，变y为i加-es）→ families；29. woman doctor（复合名词，两部分都变复数）→ women doctors；30. man teacher（复合名词，两部分都变复数）→ men teachers。
【答案】1. dresses 2. teeth 3. lives 4. glasses 5. horses 6. cows 7. hens 8. sheep 9. boys 10. photos 11. ways 12. geese 13. babies 14. potatoes 15. dogs 16. children 17. fish 18. feet 19. fingers 20. watches 21. erasers 22. toys 23. snowmen 24. women 25. leaves 26. Chinese 27. Americans 28. families 29. women doctors 30. men teachers
【知识点】英语名词复数形式
【点评】本题考查英语名词复数的变化规则，涵盖规则变化、不规则变化及复合名词的复数构成，需要学生熟练掌握相关规则并准确记忆特殊变化的单词，是英语基础知识点的常规考查。
【难度系数】0.3
二、任务型阅读。
Hello! My name's Sam. I'd like to talk about my family rules. Because they make a great life for me and help make what I am today. Some of my family rules are:
◎Honesty(诚实)
My dad says it's always important to say what really happens (发生). Sometimes, my parents even test me in different ways about honesty so they can make sure I am honest.
◎Kindness
My family always show love and kindness to others. Even when we do not have much, my parents still give what they have to those who are in need. Mum says the world is like many rivers running into the same sea and you do not know the future. The person you help today may be of help to you tomorrow.
◎Education(教育)
This is easy to understand because knowledge makes us somebody when we grow up.
◎Dress
People say that you are what you wear. You may give others wrong information about yourself when dressing wrongly. So our dress really matters.
1. What makes Sam’s life great?
2. Why do Sam’s parents test him?
3. How do Sam’s family show love and kindness to others?
4. How many family rules does Sam tell us?
5. Do you think Sam’s family rules are good for you? Why or why not?
Hello! My name's Sam. I'd like to talk about my family rules. Because they make a great life for me and help make what I am today. Some of my family rules are:
◎Honesty(诚实)
My dad says it's always important to say what really happens (发生). Sometimes, my parents even test me in different ways about honesty so they can make sure I am honest.
◎Kindness
My family always show love and kindness to others. Even when we do not have much, my parents still give what they have to those who are in need. Mum says the world is like many rivers running into the same sea and you do not know the future. The person you help today may be of help to you tomorrow.
◎Education(教育)
This is easy to understand because knowledge makes us somebody when we grow up.
◎Dress
People say that you are what you wear. You may give others wrong information about yourself when dressing wrongly. So our dress really matters.
1. What makes Sam’s life great?
2. Why do Sam’s parents test him?
3. How do Sam’s family show love and kindness to others?
4. How many family rules does Sam tell us?
5. Do you think Sam’s family rules are good for you? Why or why not?
答案
1. Sam's family rules make his life great.
2. Because they want to make sure Sam is honest.
3. Even when they do not have much, his parents still give what they have to those who are in need.
4. Four / 4.
5. Yes, I do. Because these rules can help me develop good qualities, help me become a better person and live a better life.（答案不唯一，表述合理即可）
2. Because they want to make sure Sam is honest.
3. Even when they do not have much, his parents still give what they have to those who are in need.
4. Four / 4.
5. Yes, I do. Because these rules can help me develop good qualities, help me become a better person and live a better life.（答案不唯一，表述合理即可）
解析
【分析】
本题为任务型阅读题，解题思路为：先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每个问题定位原文对应段落，提取关键信息整理答案；前4题是细节查找类，需精准定位原文语句，第5题是开放表达类，需结合规则的意义合理作答。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段“I'd like to talk about my family rules. Because they make a great life for me...”，其中“they”指代“family rules”，由此得出答案；
2. 定位“Honesty”部分最后一句“so they can make sure I am honest”，整理成符合问题的答案；
3. 定位“Kindness”部分描述家人善意的语句，直接提取核心内容；
4. 数原文列出的规则：Honesty、Kindness、Education、Dress，共4条，得出答案；
5. 结合规则对个人成长的益处，组织合理的观点作答。
【答案】
1. Sam's family rules make his life great.
2. Because they want to make sure Sam is honest.
3. Even when they do not have much, his parents still give what they have to those who are in need.
4. Four / 4.
5. Yes, I do. Because these rules can help me develop good qualities, help me become a better person and live a better life.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解题、开放类试题
【点评】
本题侧重考查学生的信息定位与提取能力，前4题是基础细节题，难度较低；第5题考查语言组织与观点表达，整体符合任务型阅读的考查要求，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为任务型阅读题，解题思路为：先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每个问题定位原文对应段落，提取关键信息整理答案；前4题是细节查找类，需精准定位原文语句，第5题是开放表达类，需结合规则的意义合理作答。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段“I'd like to talk about my family rules. Because they make a great life for me...”，其中“they”指代“family rules”，由此得出答案；
2. 定位“Honesty”部分最后一句“so they can make sure I am honest”，整理成符合问题的答案；
3. 定位“Kindness”部分描述家人善意的语句，直接提取核心内容；
4. 数原文列出的规则：Honesty、Kindness、Education、Dress，共4条，得出答案；
5. 结合规则对个人成长的益处，组织合理的观点作答。
【答案】
1. Sam's family rules make his life great.
2. Because they want to make sure Sam is honest.
3. Even when they do not have much, his parents still give what they have to those who are in need.
4. Four / 4.
5. Yes, I do. Because these rules can help me develop good qualities, help me become a better person and live a better life.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解题、开放类试题
【点评】
本题侧重考查学生的信息定位与提取能力，前4题是基础细节题，难度较低；第5题考查语言组织与观点表达，整体符合任务型阅读的考查要求，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
开心一笑
The students in the composition class were asked to write an article with the title “The Most Beautiful Thing I Ever Saw”. The student, who od all the members of the class seemed to have the least feeling for beauty., handed in his paper first with an astonishing speed. It was short and to the point. He had written,
三、概要补全。
Today, we can make friends not only face-to-face, but also online. Do you think teenagers should make more friends on the Internet? Here are some pros and cons of having online friends.
You can make friends online with people who share your interests. If you like movies, for example, you can join an online group of movie lovers and meet new people.
On the Internet, it’s easier for shy people to start a conversation with a stranger. You can take your time to write and send your first message.
You don’t have to go to the movies or go out to eat with your online friends. You can just relax at home and talk to them.
Making online friends from different countries can be a good experience. You can learn about each other’s culture.
When you chat with your online friends, you have no way of knowing certain(某些) things such as their body language and their tone (语气)of voice. As a result, you may misunderstand the meaning behind their messages.
Your online friends may disappear (消失). They may stop using their social media account (社交账号), for example. If you argue (争论)with them, they may delete you from their “friend list” when they get angry. Then it will become difficult for you to reach them.
An online friend may lie (撒谎)to you. It can be very dangerous to meet your online friends in real life. As a teenager, you should be careful when making online friends.
Making friends online is very popular now but 1.
On the good side, it lets teenagers meet people who like the same things as them. Shy people find it easier 2. They can chat with their friends without going out. Also, teenagers can learn about other cultures.
On the bad side, people may misunderstand each other’s messages because 3. Besides, online friends might stop using their accounts suddenly. What’s more, some online friends might lie, and 4 may be unsafe.
All in all, teenagers should enjoy online friendships but always be careful.
1.
2.
3.
4.
The students in the composition class were asked to write an article with the title “The Most Beautiful Thing I Ever Saw”. The student, who od all the members of the class seemed to have the least feeling for beauty., handed in his paper first with an astonishing speed. It was short and to the point. He had written,
三、概要补全。
Today, we can make friends not only face-to-face, but also online. Do you think teenagers should make more friends on the Internet? Here are some pros and cons of having online friends.
You can make friends online with people who share your interests. If you like movies, for example, you can join an online group of movie lovers and meet new people.
On the Internet, it’s easier for shy people to start a conversation with a stranger. You can take your time to write and send your first message.
You don’t have to go to the movies or go out to eat with your online friends. You can just relax at home and talk to them.
Making online friends from different countries can be a good experience. You can learn about each other’s culture.
When you chat with your online friends, you have no way of knowing certain(某些) things such as their body language and their tone (语气)of voice. As a result, you may misunderstand the meaning behind their messages.
Your online friends may disappear (消失). They may stop using their social media account (社交账号), for example. If you argue (争论)with them, they may delete you from their “friend list” when they get angry. Then it will become difficult for you to reach them.
An online friend may lie (撒谎)to you. It can be very dangerous to meet your online friends in real life. As a teenager, you should be careful when making online friends.
Making friends online is very popular now but 1.
On the good side, it lets teenagers meet people who like the same things as them. Shy people find it easier 2. They can chat with their friends without going out. Also, teenagers can learn about other cultures.
On the bad side, people may misunderstand each other’s messages because 3. Besides, online friends might stop using their accounts suddenly. What’s more, some online friends might lie, and 4 may be unsafe.
All in all, teenagers should enjoy online friendships but always be careful.
1.
2.
3.
4.
答案
1. it has both advantages and disadvantages (语义合理即可)
2. to start a conversation with a stranger
3. you can't know their body language and tone of voice when chatting online
4. meeting your online friends in real life
2. to start a conversation with a stranger
3. you can't know their body language and tone of voice when chatting online
4. meeting your online friends in real life
解析
【分析】
本题为英语概要补全题，需先通读全文把握文章主旨（围绕青少年网上交友的利弊展开），再结合上下文语境提取对应信息补全空缺：第1空需承上启下，对应“网上交友有优缺点”；第2空对应害羞的人开启对话的便利性；第3空对应误解的原因；第4空对应见网友的危险性。
【解析】
1. 通读全文可知，文章先引出“青少年是否该交网友”的话题，分述网上交友的好处与坏处，因此第1空需填承上启下的内容，即“it has both advantages and disadvantages”；
2. 第2空对应文中“On the Internet, it’s easier for shy people to start a conversation with a stranger”，直接提取该内容；
3. 第3空对应文中“when you chat with your online friends, you have no way of knowing certain things such as their body language and their tone of voice”，整理为符合语境的表述；
4. 第4空对应文中“it can be very dangerous to meet your online friends in real life”，提取核心内容。
【答案】
1. it has both advantages and disadvantages
2. to start a conversation with a stranger
3. you can't know their body language and tone of voice when chatting online
4. meeting your online friends in real life
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、信息提取、英语句子补全
【点评】
本题考查学生对文章细节的理解与信息匹配能力，需结合上下文语境准确提取对应内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语概要补全题，需先通读全文把握文章主旨（围绕青少年网上交友的利弊展开），再结合上下文语境提取对应信息补全空缺：第1空需承上启下，对应“网上交友有优缺点”；第2空对应害羞的人开启对话的便利性；第3空对应误解的原因；第4空对应见网友的危险性。
【解析】
1. 通读全文可知，文章先引出“青少年是否该交网友”的话题，分述网上交友的好处与坏处，因此第1空需填承上启下的内容，即“it has both advantages and disadvantages”；
2. 第2空对应文中“On the Internet, it’s easier for shy people to start a conversation with a stranger”，直接提取该内容；
3. 第3空对应文中“when you chat with your online friends, you have no way of knowing certain things such as their body language and their tone of voice”，整理为符合语境的表述；
4. 第4空对应文中“it can be very dangerous to meet your online friends in real life”，提取核心内容。
【答案】
1. it has both advantages and disadvantages
2. to start a conversation with a stranger
3. you can't know their body language and tone of voice when chatting online
4. meeting your online friends in real life
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、信息提取、英语句子补全
【点评】
本题考查学生对文章细节的理解与信息匹配能力，需结合上下文语境准确提取对应内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
