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六、跨学科 生物 阅读理解。
主题群:自然生态 子主题:动物研究 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★★
① People know animals do have feelings, but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood. In recent years, scientists have done research on the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ▲ It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.
② The researchers put a bowl behind a door. Inside the bowl, sometimes, there was something chickens love to eat, such as rice or insects. Sometimes, there was nothing. When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds, known as food calls. When there wasn't food, the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment. The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves.
③ Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises. Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food. The recordings were played to 194 volunteers. 69% of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not, and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens.
④ The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of chickens. Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising, a big industry in many countries. Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens' feelings. This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier.
1.（创新考法·信息回填）Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 1?
A. Humans may not like animals.
B. Scientists know nothing about it.
C. Nobody knows why this happens.
D. A new study adds chickens to the list.
2.（创新考法·图片理解）Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken?
3. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Chickens' Food Calls
B. Happy Chickens, Sad Chickens
C. Farmers' Best Choice
D. Smart Farmers, Healthy Farmers
主题群:自然生态 子主题:动物研究 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★★
① People know animals do have feelings, but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood. In recent years, scientists have done research on the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ▲ It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.
② The researchers put a bowl behind a door. Inside the bowl, sometimes, there was something chickens love to eat, such as rice or insects. Sometimes, there was nothing. When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds, known as food calls. When there wasn't food, the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment. The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves.
③ Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises. Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food. The recordings were played to 194 volunteers. 69% of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not, and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens.
④ The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of chickens. Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising, a big industry in many countries. Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens' feelings. This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier.
1.（创新考法·信息回填）Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 1?
A. Humans may not like animals.
B. Scientists know nothing about it.
C. Nobody knows why this happens.
D. A new study adds chickens to the list.
2.（创新考法·图片理解）Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken?
3. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Chickens' Food Calls
B. Happy Chickens, Sad Chickens
C. Farmers' Best Choice
D. Smart Farmers, Healthy Farmers
答案
1. D 信息回填题。根据“In recent years, scientists have done research on the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas ... It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.”可知，空前提到牛、青蛙和熊猫，空后提到鸡，选项D符合语境。
2. D 图片理解题。根据“When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds”可知，当鸡看到门后有食物时，它们似乎很高兴，并发出快速而响亮的声音。D项符合这种叫声频率高、响度大的特点。
3. B 标题归纳题。研究结果表明，人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤。
2. D 图片理解题。根据“When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds”可知，当鸡看到门后有食物时，它们似乎很高兴，并发出快速而响亮的声音。D项符合这种叫声频率高、响度大的特点。
3. B 标题归纳题。研究结果表明，人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤。
解析
【分析】
1. 信息回填题：需分析空格前后内容的逻辑衔接，前文提到科学家研究了牛、青蛙、熊猫的情感，后文提到人类可通过鸡的叫声判断情绪，空格处应衔接鸡的相关研究，据此筛选选项。
2. 图片理解题：需定位原文描述鸡开心时的叫声特征（快速、响亮），对应声波的特点（频率高、振幅大），再对比四个声波图的特征选出符合的选项。
3. 标题归纳题：需梳理全文核心内容，围绕人类判断鸡的开心或悲伤情绪展开，据此确定最佳标题。
【解析】
1. 信息回填：空格前句意为“近年来，科学家对牛、青蛙和熊猫的情感进行了研究”，空格后句意为“据说人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是开心还是悲伤”，可知空格处需衔接鸡的研究，选项D“一项新研究将鸡加入了这个名单”符合语境，故选D。
2. 图片理解：根据原文“When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds”，开心的鸡叫声是快速、响亮的，对应声波频率高（振动快）、振幅大（响度大）。对比选项：A频率低，不符合；B后续频率变化，不符合；C频率较低，不符合；D频率最高、振幅大，符合要求，故选D。
3. 标题归纳：全文围绕“人类可通过鸡的叫声判断其开心或悲伤”展开，选项B“开心的鸡，悲伤的鸡”准确概括核心内容，A仅涉及食物叫声，C、D偏离主题，故选B。
【答案】
1. D 2. D 3. B
【知识点】
信息回填题、图片理解题、标题归纳题
【点评】
本题为跨学科的动物研究类阅读理解，采用创新考法（信息回填、图片理解），需学生结合上下文逻辑、原文细节及主旨大意解题，考查学生的语篇理解与信息处理能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 信息回填题：需分析空格前后内容的逻辑衔接，前文提到科学家研究了牛、青蛙、熊猫的情感，后文提到人类可通过鸡的叫声判断情绪，空格处应衔接鸡的相关研究，据此筛选选项。
2. 图片理解题：需定位原文描述鸡开心时的叫声特征（快速、响亮），对应声波的特点（频率高、振幅大），再对比四个声波图的特征选出符合的选项。
3. 标题归纳题：需梳理全文核心内容，围绕人类判断鸡的开心或悲伤情绪展开，据此确定最佳标题。
【解析】
1. 信息回填：空格前句意为“近年来，科学家对牛、青蛙和熊猫的情感进行了研究”，空格后句意为“据说人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是开心还是悲伤”，可知空格处需衔接鸡的研究，选项D“一项新研究将鸡加入了这个名单”符合语境，故选D。
2. 图片理解：根据原文“When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds”，开心的鸡叫声是快速、响亮的，对应声波频率高（振动快）、振幅大（响度大）。对比选项：A频率低，不符合；B后续频率变化，不符合；C频率较低，不符合；D频率最高、振幅大，符合要求，故选D。
3. 标题归纳：全文围绕“人类可通过鸡的叫声判断其开心或悲伤”展开，选项B“开心的鸡，悲伤的鸡”准确概括核心内容，A仅涉及食物叫声，C、D偏离主题，故选B。
【答案】
1. D 2. D 3. B
【知识点】
信息回填题、图片理解题、标题归纳题
【点评】
本题为跨学科的动物研究类阅读理解，采用创新考法（信息回填、图片理解），需学生结合上下文逻辑、原文细节及主旨大意解题，考查学生的语篇理解与信息处理能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
