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二、阅读理解(真题·舟山定海)
阅读下面的材料，从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
①Over the past few years, cars have become smarter. Some of them can even drive themselves. Now, our roads are also becoming smart. In the United Kingdom alone, there are around 650 kilometres of “smart roads” in use. Across the world, many more are being built. Some new technologies are being put to use.
Roads that make electricity(电)
②The environmental problem has forced us to search for new energy(能源). With the right technologies, cars around the world could make energy as they go.
③The roads are built out of something special. When cars drive on them, the vibrations from passing cars make electricity. In this way, the electricity will continue to come until the cars stop. This technology first came out in 1880. However, it has never been widely used before. The UK's Lancaster University is improving it. They are trying to store the electricity in the car for later use.
Roads that never freeze
④It can be dangerous to drive in snowy weather. A technology company has already developed the snowless roads. When there is snow or ice, the roads will get warm themselves. The idea has been successfully tested on a few Canadian roads and in some of its car parks.
Roads that think
⑤Roads of the future may be able to know how many people are on them. They could tell about the weather and traffic conditions, and offer electricity to cars as they drive.
⑥This seems to be a dream, but one American company has almost made it come true. By guessing the weight(重量) of a car, the company's smart roads can know how fast it moves. “We are simply making very large special computers on the road,” says Tim Sylvester, CEO of the company. “The roads collect all the information of the travelling car and send it to the driver to help him drive more safely.”
( )16. The writer uses the example of “smart cars” at the beginning to ______ .
A. tell the history
B. show the importance
C. share the problem
D. raise the readers' interest
()17. The underlined word “vibrations” in Paragraph 3 mostly means .
A. loud noises
B. stored energy
C. shaking move
D. car windows
()18. What does Tim Sylvester want to show in the last paragraph?
A. How the roads worked.
B. How people built the new roads.
C. How large the roads were.
D. How hard it was to develop the roads.
()19. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Roads of the Future
B. Snowless Highways
C. Green Energy Maker
D. Smart Cars of Tomorrow
阅读下面的材料，从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
①Over the past few years, cars have become smarter. Some of them can even drive themselves. Now, our roads are also becoming smart. In the United Kingdom alone, there are around 650 kilometres of “smart roads” in use. Across the world, many more are being built. Some new technologies are being put to use.
Roads that make electricity(电)
②The environmental problem has forced us to search for new energy(能源). With the right technologies, cars around the world could make energy as they go.
③The roads are built out of something special. When cars drive on them, the vibrations from passing cars make electricity. In this way, the electricity will continue to come until the cars stop. This technology first came out in 1880. However, it has never been widely used before. The UK's Lancaster University is improving it. They are trying to store the electricity in the car for later use.
Roads that never freeze
④It can be dangerous to drive in snowy weather. A technology company has already developed the snowless roads. When there is snow or ice, the roads will get warm themselves. The idea has been successfully tested on a few Canadian roads and in some of its car parks.
Roads that think
⑤Roads of the future may be able to know how many people are on them. They could tell about the weather and traffic conditions, and offer electricity to cars as they drive.
⑥This seems to be a dream, but one American company has almost made it come true. By guessing the weight(重量) of a car, the company's smart roads can know how fast it moves. “We are simply making very large special computers on the road,” says Tim Sylvester, CEO of the company. “The roads collect all the information of the travelling car and send it to the driver to help him drive more safely.”
( )16. The writer uses the example of “smart cars” at the beginning to ______ .
A. tell the history
B. show the importance
C. share the problem
D. raise the readers' interest
()17. The underlined word “vibrations” in Paragraph 3 mostly means .
A. loud noises
B. stored energy
C. shaking move
D. car windows
()18. What does Tim Sylvester want to show in the last paragraph?
A. How the roads worked.
B. How people built the new roads.
C. How large the roads were.
D. How hard it was to develop the roads.
()19. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Roads of the Future
B. Snowless Highways
C. Green Energy Maker
D. Smart Cars of Tomorrow
答案
16.D 17.C 18.A 19.A
【阅读理解】
随着汽车智能化发展，全球智能道路逐渐普及，英国已有约650公里投入使用。文中介绍了三类新技术道路：利用车辆震动发电的道路、可自融冰雪的道路，以及能收集车辆信息、辅助安全驾驶的“智能感知”道路。
第17题：“vibrations”指“振动、震动”，在文中指车辆行驶时产生的振动能量。本题考查科技类词汇在上下文中的语义推断，故选C。
【阅读理解】
随着汽车智能化发展，全球智能道路逐渐普及，英国已有约650公里投入使用。文中介绍了三类新技术道路：利用车辆震动发电的道路、可自融冰雪的道路，以及能收集车辆信息、辅助安全驾驶的“智能感知”道路。
第17题：“vibrations”指“振动、震动”，在文中指车辆行驶时产生的振动能量。本题考查科技类词汇在上下文中的语义推断，故选C。
解析
【分析】
本文是一篇介绍智能道路的科技类说明文，开头以“智能汽车”引出“智能道路”的话题，目的是吸引读者兴趣；随后分三类介绍智能道路的新技术：利用车辆震动发电的道路、可自融冰雪的道路、能收集车辆信息辅助驾驶的智能感知道路。解题时需结合每道题的考点（细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意），定位原文对应内容分析选项：16题考查开头段的写作意图，17题考查词义猜测，18题考查段落细节理解，19题考查文章主旨。
【解析】
16题：文章开头先提及“智能汽车”，接着过渡到“智能道路”，通过熟悉的事物引出新话题，目的是吸引读者兴趣，对应选项D。A选项“讲述历史”、B选项“展示重要性”、C选项“分享问题”均不符合开头段的写作意图，故选D。
17题：定位到第三段划线词所在句“the vibrations from passing cars make electricity”，结合语境，汽车行驶时产生的震动能发电，“vibrations”意为“震动”，对应选项C。A选项“噪音”、B选项“储存的能量”、D选项“车窗”均不符合语境，故选C。
18题：最后一段Tim Sylvester提到“道路收集车辆信息并发送给司机以辅助安全驾驶”，说明他在介绍智能道路的工作原理，对应选项A。B选项“如何建造”、C选项“道路大小”、D选项“开发难度”均未提及，故选A。
19题：全文围绕“未来智能道路”的新技术展开，A选项“Roads of the Future”最能概括主旨；B选项仅涉及“不结冰道路”（局部内容）、C选项仅涉及“发电道路”（局部内容）、D选项偏离文章核心（核心是道路而非汽车），故选A。
【答案】
16.D 17.C 18.A 19.A
【知识点】
科技类英语阅读理解、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为科技说明文阅读理解，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意三类常规题型，需学生结合上下文语境及文章结构分析，整体难度适中，适合考查学生的基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
本文是一篇介绍智能道路的科技类说明文，开头以“智能汽车”引出“智能道路”的话题，目的是吸引读者兴趣；随后分三类介绍智能道路的新技术：利用车辆震动发电的道路、可自融冰雪的道路、能收集车辆信息辅助驾驶的智能感知道路。解题时需结合每道题的考点（细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意），定位原文对应内容分析选项：16题考查开头段的写作意图，17题考查词义猜测，18题考查段落细节理解，19题考查文章主旨。
【解析】
16题：文章开头先提及“智能汽车”，接着过渡到“智能道路”，通过熟悉的事物引出新话题，目的是吸引读者兴趣，对应选项D。A选项“讲述历史”、B选项“展示重要性”、C选项“分享问题”均不符合开头段的写作意图，故选D。
17题：定位到第三段划线词所在句“the vibrations from passing cars make electricity”，结合语境，汽车行驶时产生的震动能发电，“vibrations”意为“震动”，对应选项C。A选项“噪音”、B选项“储存的能量”、D选项“车窗”均不符合语境，故选C。
18题：最后一段Tim Sylvester提到“道路收集车辆信息并发送给司机以辅助安全驾驶”，说明他在介绍智能道路的工作原理，对应选项A。B选项“如何建造”、C选项“道路大小”、D选项“开发难度”均未提及，故选A。
19题：全文围绕“未来智能道路”的新技术展开，A选项“Roads of the Future”最能概括主旨；B选项仅涉及“不结冰道路”（局部内容）、C选项仅涉及“发电道路”（局部内容）、D选项偏离文章核心（核心是道路而非汽车），故选A。
【答案】
16.D 17.C 18.A 19.A
【知识点】
科技类英语阅读理解、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为科技说明文阅读理解，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意三类常规题型，需学生结合上下文语境及文章结构分析，整体难度适中，适合考查学生的基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
