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七、任务型阅读。
阅读短文，回答短文后的五个问题。
Ludwick Marishane, a man from South Africa, was with his friends in Limpopo when they started talking about inventing(发明) something to put on your skin so you don't have to take a bath. He used his mobile phone to do a lot of research(研究) online.
Millions of people around the world haven't got clean water. This is a huge problem because dirty water causes terrible illnesses. One of them is trachoma(沙眼). Thousands of people all over the world get it every year. They wash their faces with dirty water, get infected(受感染的) and sometimes become blind.
Ludwick started thinking. He wanted to make something to help people in parts of the world where it's difficult to find clean water. He did more research on his mobile. Ludwick had a plan. He wanted to make a gel(凝胶) for people to put on their skin so they don't have to take a bath. He wrote the formula (配方) for the gel on his mobile phone. When he was at university, he never stopped thinking about his invention. Three years later, his dream came true. He made the gel and called it “DryBath”. It looks like any other gel, but it isn't! It saves lives and it also helps save water!
Ludwick Marishane is the winner of lots of prizes. People call him “one of the brightest young men in the world”. He is very happy about the success. That's important in many parts of the world where it's difficult to find clean water. Now he wants to invent other things, and he wants to help other young people become inventors too.
注：每题答案不超过 6 个单词。
1. Where does Ludwick Marishane come from?
2. What does dirty water cause?
3. How do people use the gel “DryBath”?
4. What does DryBath help do?
5. What do you think of Ludwick Marishane?
阅读短文，回答短文后的五个问题。
Ludwick Marishane, a man from South Africa, was with his friends in Limpopo when they started talking about inventing(发明) something to put on your skin so you don't have to take a bath. He used his mobile phone to do a lot of research(研究) online.
Millions of people around the world haven't got clean water. This is a huge problem because dirty water causes terrible illnesses. One of them is trachoma(沙眼). Thousands of people all over the world get it every year. They wash their faces with dirty water, get infected(受感染的) and sometimes become blind.
Ludwick started thinking. He wanted to make something to help people in parts of the world where it's difficult to find clean water. He did more research on his mobile. Ludwick had a plan. He wanted to make a gel(凝胶) for people to put on their skin so they don't have to take a bath. He wrote the formula (配方) for the gel on his mobile phone. When he was at university, he never stopped thinking about his invention. Three years later, his dream came true. He made the gel and called it “DryBath”. It looks like any other gel, but it isn't! It saves lives and it also helps save water!
Ludwick Marishane is the winner of lots of prizes. People call him “one of the brightest young men in the world”. He is very happy about the success. That's important in many parts of the world where it's difficult to find clean water. Now he wants to invent other things, and he wants to help other young people become inventors too.
注：每题答案不超过 6 个单词。
1. Where does Ludwick Marishane come from?
He is from South Africa.
2. What does dirty water cause?
Terrible illnesses.
3. How do people use the gel “DryBath”?
They put it on their skin.
4. What does DryBath help do?
It saves lives and water.
5. What do you think of Ludwick Marishane?
He is smart and helpful.
答案
1. He is from South Africa.
2. Terrible illnesses.
3. They put it on their skin.
4. It saves lives and water.
5. He is smart and helpful.
2. Terrible illnesses.
3. They put it on their skin.
4. It saves lives and water.
5. He is smart and helpful.
解析
【分析】
这道是限制答案字数的任务型阅读，解题思路非常清晰：首先先通读题干，标记每道题的核心疑问方向，之后带着问题回到原文精准定位对应的语句，提取符合题意的信息，同时严格遵守“每题答案不超过6个单词”的要求，最后一道开放性问题结合人物的事迹给出正向合理的评价即可，不需要额外添加冗余内容，保证答案准确且符合字数规则。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段首句“Ludwick Marishane, a man from South Africa”，直接提取信息得到他的国籍来源，符合字数要求。
2. 定位原文第二段第二句“This is a huge problem because dirty water causes terrible illnesses”，直接提取脏水引发的后果即可，无需额外拓展。
3. 定位原文第三段中“He wanted to make a gel(凝胶) for people to put on their skin so they don't have to take a bath”的描述，直接提取凝胶的使用方式，符合字数限制。
4. 定位原文第三段末尾“It saves lives and it also helps save water!”，精简冗余表述，得到符合字数要求的功能描述。
5. 结合全文Ludwick发明凝胶帮助缺水地区民众、还想要扶持其他年轻发明家的事迹，给出正向合理的人物评价即可，答案符合逻辑就正确。
【答案】
1. He is from South Africa.
2. Terrible illnesses.
3. They put it on their skin.
4. It saves lives and water.
5. He is smart and helpful.
【知识点】
细节信息定位，文本信息提取，人物评价表达
【点评】
本题整体以文本细节查找为主，绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文中找到对应内容，仅需要注意严格遵守题干给出的答案字数限制，避免出现答案过长不符合要求的失分情况，最后一道开放题引导学生结合人物事迹做出合理正向评价，考察学生的信息筛选和简单表达能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
这道是限制答案字数的任务型阅读，解题思路非常清晰：首先先通读题干，标记每道题的核心疑问方向，之后带着问题回到原文精准定位对应的语句，提取符合题意的信息，同时严格遵守“每题答案不超过6个单词”的要求，最后一道开放性问题结合人物的事迹给出正向合理的评价即可，不需要额外添加冗余内容，保证答案准确且符合字数规则。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段首句“Ludwick Marishane, a man from South Africa”，直接提取信息得到他的国籍来源，符合字数要求。
2. 定位原文第二段第二句“This is a huge problem because dirty water causes terrible illnesses”，直接提取脏水引发的后果即可，无需额外拓展。
3. 定位原文第三段中“He wanted to make a gel(凝胶) for people to put on their skin so they don't have to take a bath”的描述，直接提取凝胶的使用方式，符合字数限制。
4. 定位原文第三段末尾“It saves lives and it also helps save water!”，精简冗余表述，得到符合字数要求的功能描述。
5. 结合全文Ludwick发明凝胶帮助缺水地区民众、还想要扶持其他年轻发明家的事迹，给出正向合理的人物评价即可，答案符合逻辑就正确。
【答案】
1. He is from South Africa.
2. Terrible illnesses.
3. They put it on their skin.
4. It saves lives and water.
5. He is smart and helpful.
【知识点】
细节信息定位，文本信息提取，人物评价表达
【点评】
本题整体以文本细节查找为主，绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文中找到对应内容，仅需要注意严格遵守题干给出的答案字数限制，避免出现答案过长不符合要求的失分情况，最后一道开放题引导学生结合人物事迹做出合理正向评价，考察学生的信息筛选和简单表达能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
