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四、 阅读理解
主题:人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养:思维品质 词数:约270 建议用时:5分钟
① Last weekend, my dad asked me to the garden with him. I wasn’t too excited about it, as I’d rather play video games indoors. But Dad insisted, so we gathered outside with seeds and gardening tools.
② We started by planting seeds. Dad handed me a packet of sunflower seeds and a small shovel. “Plant them about an inch deep,” he instructed. I followed along, feeling the soil between my fingers, and soon we had a row of seeds waiting to sprout (发芽).
③ Days passed, and nothing seemed to happen. I was about to lose hope, thinking the seeds were just a waste. But then, a gentle reminder came, “Be patient. Good things take time.” A week later, tiny green shoots came out of the soil. I was amazed and ran to show everyone.
④ As the sunflowers grew taller, Dad taught me how to take good care of them. “Just like these plants, you also need care and love to grow,” he said. I began to understand how my parents support and care for me behind my growth.
⑤ One stormy night, the tallest sunflower broke. I felt very upset. Sitting beside me, Dad said, “Sometimes, even the strongest can fall. But remember, it can still bloom, just a bit lower to the ground.”
⑥ That day, I was encouraged to be patient and resilient (有韧性的). The sunflowers taught me that growth isn’t always easy. Sometimes we need to bend and just be strong when facing every challenge.
（
A. He threw them away as waste.
B. He presented them to everyone.
C. He planted more seeds immediately.
D. He worried about the sprout’s future.
（
A. The sunflower will continue to grow.
B. The sunflower will never bloom again.
C. The sunflower will not grow any taller.
D. The sunflower will be easier to care for now.
（
A. Bored → Ashamed → Excited → Annoyed → Upset → Thankful
B. Excited → Bored → Thankful → Angry → Doubtful → Encouraged
C. Hopeful → Disappointed → Surprised → Understanding → Upset → Patient
D. Uninterested → Hopeless → Amazed → Understanding → Sad → Encouraged
（
A.
B. 
C. D.
（
A. All the plants can grow very quickly.
B. Gardening is always a simple task.
C. Patience and care are important for growth.
D. Video games are more interesting than gardening.
主题:人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养:思维品质 词数:约270 建议用时:5分钟
① Last weekend, my dad asked me to the garden with him. I wasn’t too excited about it, as I’d rather play video games indoors. But Dad insisted, so we gathered outside with seeds and gardening tools.
② We started by planting seeds. Dad handed me a packet of sunflower seeds and a small shovel. “Plant them about an inch deep,” he instructed. I followed along, feeling the soil between my fingers, and soon we had a row of seeds waiting to sprout (发芽).
③ Days passed, and nothing seemed to happen. I was about to lose hope, thinking the seeds were just a waste. But then, a gentle reminder came, “Be patient. Good things take time.” A week later, tiny green shoots came out of the soil. I was amazed and ran to show everyone.
④ As the sunflowers grew taller, Dad taught me how to take good care of them. “Just like these plants, you also need care and love to grow,” he said. I began to understand how my parents support and care for me behind my growth.
⑤ One stormy night, the tallest sunflower broke. I felt very upset. Sitting beside me, Dad said, “Sometimes, even the strongest can fall. But remember, it can still bloom, just a bit lower to the ground.”
⑥ That day, I was encouraged to be patient and resilient (有韧性的). The sunflowers taught me that growth isn’t always easy. Sometimes we need to bend and just be strong when facing every challenge.
（
B
）1. What did the author do when he found the seeds began to sprout?A. He threw them away as waste.
B. He presented them to everyone.
C. He planted more seeds immediately.
D. He worried about the sprout’s future.
（
A
）2. What does the underlined part “just a bit lower to the ground” imply (暗示)?A. The sunflower will continue to grow.
B. The sunflower will never bloom again.
C. The sunflower will not grow any taller.
D. The sunflower will be easier to care for now.
（
D
）3. 【新考法 +情感变化】How did the author’s feelings change according to the story?A. Bored → Ashamed → Excited → Annoyed → Upset → Thankful
B. Excited → Bored → Thankful → Angry → Doubtful → Encouraged
C. Hopeful → Disappointed → Surprised → Understanding → Upset → Patient
D. Uninterested → Hopeless → Amazed → Understanding → Sad → Encouraged
（
A
）4. 【新考法 +篇章结构】What is the best structure of the passage? ( ① =Paragraph 1...)A.
B. C. D.（
C
）5. What did the author learn from the experience with the sunflowers?A. All the plants can grow very quickly.
B. Gardening is always a simple task.
C. Patience and care are important for growth.
D. Video games are more interesting than gardening.
答案
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C
【主旨大意】本文讲述了作者和父亲一起在花园种植向日葵的经历以及从这一过程中所学到的人生道理。
1 B 【点拨】细节理解题。根据第三段中“I was amazed and ran to show everyone.”可知，当作者看到种子发芽时，感到很惊讶，并跑去展示给每个人看。故选 B。
2 A 【点拨】推理判断题。根据第五段爸爸的话“Sometimes, even the strongest can fall. But remember, it can still bloom, just a bit lower to the ground.”可知，即使最坚强的向日葵也会倒下，但它仍然可以在接近地面的地方开花。由此可知，“向日葵将继续生长”。故选 A。
3 D 【点拨】细节理解题。根据第一段中“I wasn’t too excited about it”可知，作者一开始对园艺不感兴趣；根据第三段中“I was about to lose hope”可知，作者在种子没有变化时感到绝望；根据第三段中“I was amazed and ran to show everyone.”可知，种子发芽后作者感到惊讶；根据第四段中“I began to understand how my parents support and care for me behind my growth.”可知，作者开始理解父母的关爱；根据第五段“I felt very upset.”可知，向日葵被风吹断后作者感到难过；根据第六段中“That day, I was encouraged to be patient and resilient（有韧性的）.”可知，作者最后受到了鼓励。因此，作者的情感变化是“不感兴趣→绝望→惊讶→理解→悲伤→受到鼓励”，故选 D。
4 A 【点拨】篇章结构题。阅读全文可知，第一段主要讲述父亲让作者一起在花园种植；第二至五段详细描述了种植向日葵的过程以及作者的情感变化；第六段总结了作者从这一经历中学到的人生道理。因此，文章的结构是“总—分—总”。故选 A。
5 C 【点拨】推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，作者从种植向日葵的经历中学到了“耐心和关爱对成长很重要”。
【主旨大意】本文讲述了作者和父亲一起在花园种植向日葵的经历以及从这一过程中所学到的人生道理。
1 B 【点拨】细节理解题。根据第三段中“I was amazed and ran to show everyone.”可知，当作者看到种子发芽时，感到很惊讶，并跑去展示给每个人看。故选 B。
2 A 【点拨】推理判断题。根据第五段爸爸的话“Sometimes, even the strongest can fall. But remember, it can still bloom, just a bit lower to the ground.”可知，即使最坚强的向日葵也会倒下，但它仍然可以在接近地面的地方开花。由此可知，“向日葵将继续生长”。故选 A。
3 D 【点拨】细节理解题。根据第一段中“I wasn’t too excited about it”可知，作者一开始对园艺不感兴趣；根据第三段中“I was about to lose hope”可知，作者在种子没有变化时感到绝望；根据第三段中“I was amazed and ran to show everyone.”可知，种子发芽后作者感到惊讶；根据第四段中“I began to understand how my parents support and care for me behind my growth.”可知，作者开始理解父母的关爱；根据第五段“I felt very upset.”可知，向日葵被风吹断后作者感到难过；根据第六段中“That day, I was encouraged to be patient and resilient（有韧性的）.”可知，作者最后受到了鼓励。因此，作者的情感变化是“不感兴趣→绝望→惊讶→理解→悲伤→受到鼓励”，故选 D。
4 A 【点拨】篇章结构题。阅读全文可知，第一段主要讲述父亲让作者一起在花园种植；第二至五段详细描述了种植向日葵的过程以及作者的情感变化；第六段总结了作者从这一经历中学到的人生道理。因此，文章的结构是“总—分—总”。故选 A。
5 C 【点拨】推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，作者从种植向日葵的经历中学到了“耐心和关爱对成长很重要”。
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位原文中种子发芽时作者的行为描述，匹配对应选项；
2. 第2题是推理判断题，需结合父亲的话语语境，分析划线部分的隐含意义；
3. 第3题是情感变化题，需按文章顺序梳理作者各阶段的情绪，逐一匹配选项；
4. 第4题是篇章结构题，需划分段落层次，明确各段作用以确定文章结构；
5. 第5题是主旨大意题，需结合全文内容提炼作者的核心感悟。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文章第三段“I was amazed and ran to show everyone.”可知，种子发芽时作者很惊讶并跑去展示给所有人，对应选项B，故选B；
2. 第2题：根据第五段父亲的话“Sometimes, even the strongest can fall. But remember, it can still bloom, just a bit lower to the ground.”可知，即使向日葵断了仍能在接近地面处开花，暗示它会继续生长，对应选项A，故选A；
3. 第3题：按文章顺序梳理情绪：第一段作者对园艺不感兴趣（Uninterested）；第三段种子未发芽时作者感到绝望（Hopeless）；种子发芽后作者很惊讶（Amazed）；第四段作者理解了父母的关爱（Understanding）；第五段向日葵被吹断后作者感到难过（Sad）；第六段作者受到鼓励（Encouraged），对应选项D，故选D；
4. 第4题：文章第一段总起讲述和父亲去花园种植；第二至五段分述种植过程及作者的情感变化；第六段总结经历的道理，结构为“总—分—总”，对应选项A，故选A；
5. 第5题：全文围绕种向日葵的经历，传递了耐心和关爱对成长的重要性，对应选项C，故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（推理判断）、英语阅读理解（主旨大意）
【点评】
本文以人与自我为主题，通过作者与父亲种植向日葵的亲身经历，自然传递出耐心、韧性及理解父母的成长感悟，题型涵盖细节、推理、情感变化、篇章结构和主旨，贴合初中英语阅读的考查方向，文本难度适中，易于学生理解作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位原文中种子发芽时作者的行为描述，匹配对应选项；
2. 第2题是推理判断题，需结合父亲的话语语境，分析划线部分的隐含意义；
3. 第3题是情感变化题，需按文章顺序梳理作者各阶段的情绪，逐一匹配选项；
4. 第4题是篇章结构题，需划分段落层次，明确各段作用以确定文章结构；
5. 第5题是主旨大意题，需结合全文内容提炼作者的核心感悟。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文章第三段“I was amazed and ran to show everyone.”可知，种子发芽时作者很惊讶并跑去展示给所有人，对应选项B，故选B；
2. 第2题：根据第五段父亲的话“Sometimes, even the strongest can fall. But remember, it can still bloom, just a bit lower to the ground.”可知，即使向日葵断了仍能在接近地面处开花，暗示它会继续生长，对应选项A，故选A；
3. 第3题：按文章顺序梳理情绪：第一段作者对园艺不感兴趣（Uninterested）；第三段种子未发芽时作者感到绝望（Hopeless）；种子发芽后作者很惊讶（Amazed）；第四段作者理解了父母的关爱（Understanding）；第五段向日葵被吹断后作者感到难过（Sad）；第六段作者受到鼓励（Encouraged），对应选项D，故选D；
4. 第4题：文章第一段总起讲述和父亲去花园种植；第二至五段分述种植过程及作者的情感变化；第六段总结经历的道理，结构为“总—分—总”，对应选项A，故选A；
5. 第5题：全文围绕种向日葵的经历，传递了耐心和关爱对成长的重要性，对应选项C，故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（推理判断）、英语阅读理解（主旨大意）
【点评】
本文以人与自我为主题，通过作者与父亲种植向日葵的亲身经历，自然传递出耐心、韧性及理解父母的成长感悟，题型涵盖细节、推理、情感变化、篇章结构和主旨，贴合初中英语阅读的考查方向，文本难度适中，易于学生理解作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
