七、阅读表达。（每小题2分，共10分）
A person who writes music is known as a composer. A composer thinks of a musical idea and writes it on paper for others to read. Instead of writing words, a composer uses musical notation(乐谱符号). Other people can read the notes and play them. When they do, they're playing music that came from the composer's imagination.
Beethoven was a famous German composer. He was born in 1770 in Bonn and began learning the piano when he was only four. He also learnt to play the violin. Beethoven visited Vienna, which was a very musical city, in 1787. Two other famous composers lived in Vienna at that time. Wolfgang Mozart and Joseph Haydn met Beethoven and gave his music high praise. Beethoven made friends in Vienna and returned there in 1792. He studied music with Haydn and lived in Vienna for the rest of his life.
Beethoven was known as a great pianist, but he wanted to compose his own music. He always seemed to have musical ideas in his head. His notebooks show how hard he worked to get the music just right. He often wrote and then revised his music by scratching(勾划) it out, so it is possible for us to see how he was thinking about the music.
During the late 1790s, Beethoven began to lose his hearing. At first it was difficult for him to hear people and talk with them. Even when he became completely deaf, he did not stop creating music, however. He heard music in his mind even though he couldn't hear it with his ears.
Most people have heard of Beethoven's Symphony(交响乐) No. 5, but they may not know he wrote it when he was growing deaf. A symphony is a long piece of music for an orchestra(交响乐团). Symphony No. 5 starts like this: ta-ta-ta-TUM. Beethoven used this pattern over and over in his symphony. Try saying it aloud two times: ta-ta-ta-TUM, ta-ta-ta-TUM.
1. When did Beethoven start learning music?

2. Which city influenced Beethoven most in his musical career?

3. What was Beethoven known as according to Paragraph 3?

4. During the late 1790s, what difficulty did Beethoven face?

5. 新考法 开放性设问 Why did Beethoven make great achievements after losing his hearing?

1. When he was only four. 2. Vienna. 3. A great pianist. 4. He began to lose his hearing.
5. Because he had a strong will./Because he didn't stop creating music.(言之有理即可)

【分析】
本题为英语阅读表达题，需根据题干关键词定位原文对应内容作答，前4题为细节查找题，第5题为开放性设问。解题时先定位题干对应原文段落，提取关键信息，第5题需结合原文内容合理总结原因。
1. 第1题：定位题干关键词“start learning music”到第二段第二句，提取时间信息；
2. 第2题：定位关键词“city influenced Beethoven”到第二段，维也纳是贝多芬学习、定居且受著名作曲家影响的城市，故为答案；
3. 第3题：定位关键词“Paragraph 3, known as”到第三段第一句，直接提取对应内容；
4. 第4题：定位关键词“late 1790s, difficulty”到第四段第一句，提取困难信息；
5. 第5题：结合第四段贝多芬失聪后仍坚持创作、在脑海中构思音乐的内容，合理总结原因，言之有理即可。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据题干关键词“start learning music”定位到原文第二段第二句“He was born in 1770 in Bonn and began learning the piano when he was only four.”，提取关键信息为When he was only four.
2. 第2题：根据题干关键词“city influenced Beethoven”定位到第二段，维也纳是贝多芬学习、定居且受莫扎特、海顿等著名作曲家影响的城市，故答案为Vienna.
3. 第3题：根据题干要求定位到原文第三段第一句“Beethoven was known as a great pianist”，直接提取对应内容为A great pianist.
4. 第4题：根据题干关键词“late 1790s, difficulty”定位到原文第四段第一句“During the late 1790s, Beethoven began to lose his hearing.”，提取关键信息为He began to lose his hearing.
5. 第5题：结合原文第四段“Even when he became completely deaf, he did not stop creating music, however. He heard music in his mind even though he couldn't hear it with his ears.”，可总结原因如他有坚强的意志，不停止音乐创作，言之有理即可。
【答案】
1. When he was only four.
2. Vienna.
3. A great pianist.
4. He began to lose his hearing.
5. Because he had a strong will./Because he didn't stop creating music.(言之有理即可)
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、开放性表达题
【点评】
本题围绕贝多芬的生平展开，包含细节查找和开放性设问，既考查学生定位原文信息的能力，又考查学生的总结表达能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6