一、根据括号中的中文提示，写出句中所缺单词或短语，使句子通顺。
1. In 1918, Lu Xun published his famous （短篇小说）Diary of a Madman.
2. There is no need to rush. You can （慢慢来）to finish your homework.
3. As a （典型的）world-famous novel, The Old Man and the Sea was written by American writer Ernest Hemingway.

1. short story 2. take your time 3. classic

【分析】
本题为根据中文提示补全英文句子的词汇题，需结合句子语境和括号内的中文提示，匹配对应的英文词汇或短语，保证填入后句子通顺、语法正确。第1题对应“短篇小说”，第2题对应“慢慢来”，第3题结合语境对应符合要求的英文表达。
【解析】
1. 括号内中文“短篇小说”对应的英文名词短语为short story，契合句子“published his famous...Diary of a Madman”的语境，故填short story；
2. 括号内中文“慢慢来”对应的固定动词短语为take your time，情态动词can后接动词原形，符合句子语境，故填take your time；
3. 括号内中文“典型的”结合句子“world-famous novel”的语境，对应的英文形容词为classic，符合要求，故填classic。
【答案】
1. short story 2. take your time 3. classic
【知识点】
基础词汇、常用短语
【点评】
本题考察基础英文词汇及短语的运用，属于简单题型，适合巩固基础词汇知识。
【难度系数】
0.9

二、根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整通顺。
The Art of War is a military book written by the Chinese strategist Sunzi. The book is the 1 (early) known one on war and military science. It 2 (divide) into 13 parts. Each one is about a different set of skills or military strategy(策略)，known in Chinese as bing fa.
It is hard to know 3 (exact) when The Art of War was written，but most experts think it was written during the Spring and Autumn Period. Besides，experts cannot be sure of the details of the life of its writer，Sunzi，but they believe he was a general(将军) who was working for the State of Wu. It is clear that whatever his life 4 (experience) were，Sunzi had a wealth of knowledge about war and strategy.
The starting point of The Art of War is that war should be avoided in the 5 (begin). If a war cannot be avoided，it should be fought 6 (wise) to reduce harm and waste. For example，attack enemies when they are unprepared and appear where you are not expected，and then you are 7 (unlikely) to win a speedy victory with little effort.
The Art of War discusses much about preparation for war，including having lucky weather conditions，geographic advantages and the unity of the people，8 (study) the enemies' movements and weaknesses and training soldiers. At the same time，the book also 9 (suggest) that military strategy should be changed to suit new conditions depending on the real situation on the battlefield.
The Art of War 10 (be) very popular since it first came out，influencing leaders all over the world.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. earliest 2. is divided 3. exactly 4. experiences 5. beginning 6. wisely 7. likely 8. studying 9. suggests 10. has been

【分析】
本题为短文填空题型，需结合句子结构、语境及英语语法规则（如词性转换、时态语态、固定搭配等），逐一分析每个空格的需求，再转换所给单词的正确形式。具体思路：先通读短文理解主旨，再针对每个空格，判断其在句中充当的成分（如定语、状语、主语等），结合提示词的词性，确定需变形的方向（如最高级、被动式、副词、名词复数等），最终得出正确形式。
【解析】
1. 空格前有定冠词the，修饰名词one，需用形容词最高级，故将early变为earliest。
2. 主语it指代《孙子兵法》，与动词divide是被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态is divided。
3. 空格修饰动词know，需用副词，故将exact变为exactly。
4. 空格前是his life，后接be动词were，说明需用可数名词复数，experience表示“经历”时是可数名词，故用experiences。
5. 固定搭配in the beginning意为“起初”，故将begin变为beginning。
6. 空格修饰动词fought，需用副词，故将wise变为wisely。
7. 结合语境“你可能轻易快速获胜”，此处需用形容词likely表示“可能的”，符合语义。
8. 空格与前面的having、后面的training并列，作including的宾语，需用动名词，故将study变为studying。
9. 主语the book是第三人称单数，描述客观内容用一般现在时，故动词用第三人称单数形式suggests。
10. since引导时间状语从句，主句需用现在完成时，主语The Art of War是单数，故用has been。
【答案】
1. earliest 2. is divided 3. exactly 4. experiences 5. beginning 6. wisely 7. likely 8. studying 9. suggests 10. has been
【知识点】
形容词最高级、动词时态语态、词性转换
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇变形及语法规则的运用，结合短文语境考查学生的综合运用能力，题型常规，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6