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Ⅶ. 阅读理解
(2026·福建中考改编)Plastic production has been rising since the end of World War II. Plastic has greatly influenced modern life. It is widely used in clothing, electronic goods, cars and healthcare. In fact, plastic is not a single material. A study shows that 16, 000 different chemicals are used in making plastics. When plastic ends up in nature, it can take hundreds of years to break down. It pollutes soil and wa- ter.
People have realized the plastic pollution problem. Thanks to modern recycling technolo- gy, we see products made from recycled plastic — from T-shirts to bags to building materials. This is the magic of turning waste plastic into valuable products.
Scientists are developing more and more ef-
fective methods to recycle waste plastic. For ex- ample, researchers break down plastics into re- usable chemicals by using heat, pressure and a kind of special water. Another technology cre- ates a plastic mix to break down waste plastic in- to oil for new plastics. Scientists also use electric current (电流) to turn waste plastic into high quality graphene (石墨烯). The graphene helps to develop new cancer treatments.
Recycling reduces the need to produce new plastic from oil. Besides, it helps to control en- vironmental pollution. However, recycling plas- tic is not always easy. Different types of waste plastics must be separated and well cleaned.
China has been stressing the importance of recycling and has taken action to improve it. Many schools try to encourage students to recycle properly. For example, students may get an award, such as a small toy or a pencil, for put- ting empty bottles into smart recycling machines. Factories are encouraged to use recycled materi- als in their products. With each recycled bottle, China moves one step closer to a future where
nothing is truly wasted—everything is just wait- ing for its next use.
1. What do we know about plastic from paragraph 1?
A. Plastic production started after World War Ⅱ.
B. Plastic is commonly used in modern life.
C. There are many ways of producing plastic.
D. Producing plastic takes a long time.
2. What does the underlined word “it” in para- graph 4 refer to?
A. Oil.
B. New plastic.
C. The need.
D. Recycling.
3. What does the last paragraph focus on?
A. The importance of recycling.
B. The awards for recycling.
C. The efforts in recycling.
D. The future of recycling.
4. Which would be the best title for the text?
A. Plastic Production over Time
B. Waste Plastic: Serious Pollution
C. Effective Methods of Using Plastic
D. Recycling: New Life of Waste Plastic
(2026·福建中考改编)Plastic production has been rising since the end of World War II. Plastic has greatly influenced modern life. It is widely used in clothing, electronic goods, cars and healthcare. In fact, plastic is not a single material. A study shows that 16, 000 different chemicals are used in making plastics. When plastic ends up in nature, it can take hundreds of years to break down. It pollutes soil and wa- ter.
People have realized the plastic pollution problem. Thanks to modern recycling technolo- gy, we see products made from recycled plastic — from T-shirts to bags to building materials. This is the magic of turning waste plastic into valuable products.
Scientists are developing more and more ef-
fective methods to recycle waste plastic. For ex- ample, researchers break down plastics into re- usable chemicals by using heat, pressure and a kind of special water. Another technology cre- ates a plastic mix to break down waste plastic in- to oil for new plastics. Scientists also use electric current (电流) to turn waste plastic into high quality graphene (石墨烯). The graphene helps to develop new cancer treatments.
Recycling reduces the need to produce new plastic from oil. Besides, it helps to control en- vironmental pollution. However, recycling plas- tic is not always easy. Different types of waste plastics must be separated and well cleaned.
China has been stressing the importance of recycling and has taken action to improve it. Many schools try to encourage students to recycle properly. For example, students may get an award, such as a small toy or a pencil, for put- ting empty bottles into smart recycling machines. Factories are encouraged to use recycled materi- als in their products. With each recycled bottle, China moves one step closer to a future where
nothing is truly wasted—everything is just wait- ing for its next use.
1. What do we know about plastic from paragraph 1?
A. Plastic production started after World War Ⅱ.
B. Plastic is commonly used in modern life.
C. There are many ways of producing plastic.
D. Producing plastic takes a long time.
2. What does the underlined word “it” in para- graph 4 refer to?
A. Oil.
B. New plastic.
C. The need.
D. Recycling.
3. What does the last paragraph focus on?
A. The importance of recycling.
B. The awards for recycling.
C. The efforts in recycling.
D. The future of recycling.
4. Which would be the best title for the text?
A. Plastic Production over Time
B. Waste Plastic: Serious Pollution
C. Effective Methods of Using Plastic
D. Recycling: New Life of Waste Plastic
答案
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D
解析
【分析】做这类阅读理解题，需先通读全文把握核心主题（本文围绕塑料回收展开），再针对每道题的题型（细节理解、代词指代、段落主旨、标题归纳），定位原文对应段落，逐一分析选项正误，排除干扰项得出答案。
【解析】1. 细节理解题：定位第一段。A选项：原文说塑料生产自二战后开始增长，并非“始于二战后”，错误；B选项：原文提到塑料广泛用于服装、电子等领域，说明其在现代生活中应用普遍，正确；C选项：第一段未提及生产塑料的方法，错误；D选项：原文是塑料分解需数百年，而非生产耗时久，错误。故选B。
2. 代词指代题：定位第四段。前文主语为“Recycling”，“Besides, it helps to control environmental pollution”中it指代前文的“Recycling”，故选D。
3. 段落主旨题：定位最后一段。该段主要讲述中国在塑料回收方面采取的具体行动（学校鼓励学生、工厂使用回收材料等），即回收领域的努力，故选C。
4. 标题归纳题：全文围绕“废塑料回收并转化为有价值产品”展开，A选项仅涉及塑料生产时间，B选项仅强调塑料污染，C选项侧重塑料使用方法，均片面；D选项“回收：废塑料的新生”贴合主旨，故选D。
【答案】1.B 2.D 3.C 4.D
【知识点】阅读理解（细节理解、代词指代、主旨大意、标题归纳）
【点评】本题是关于塑料回收的阅读理解题，考查学生对不同阅读题型的解题能力，需结合原文定位分析，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】1. 细节理解题：定位第一段。A选项：原文说塑料生产自二战后开始增长，并非“始于二战后”，错误；B选项：原文提到塑料广泛用于服装、电子等领域，说明其在现代生活中应用普遍，正确；C选项：第一段未提及生产塑料的方法，错误；D选项：原文是塑料分解需数百年，而非生产耗时久，错误。故选B。
2. 代词指代题：定位第四段。前文主语为“Recycling”，“Besides, it helps to control environmental pollution”中it指代前文的“Recycling”，故选D。
3. 段落主旨题：定位最后一段。该段主要讲述中国在塑料回收方面采取的具体行动（学校鼓励学生、工厂使用回收材料等），即回收领域的努力，故选C。
4. 标题归纳题：全文围绕“废塑料回收并转化为有价值产品”展开，A选项仅涉及塑料生产时间，B选项仅强调塑料污染，C选项侧重塑料使用方法，均片面；D选项“回收：废塑料的新生”贴合主旨，故选D。
【答案】1.B 2.D 3.C 4.D
【知识点】阅读理解（细节理解、代词指代、主旨大意、标题归纳）
【点评】本题是关于塑料回收的阅读理解题，考查学生对不同阅读题型的解题能力，需结合原文定位分析，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
