2026年夺冠课课练八年级英语上册译林版第118页答案
一、根据句意及所给中文提示、首字母或英文解释,填入所缺单词,每空一词
1. The
rainforests
(热带雨林) will disappear(消失) one day if humans continue to do harm to the environment.
2. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean's
ecosystem
(生态系统).
3. The eastern part of China has more
rainfall
(降雨量) than other parts of the country.
4. —What animals live on the southern end of the earth? —
Penguins
(企鹅).
5. Mr Green believes that all living things in a
coral
(珊瑚) reef should be kept safe.
6. The d
difference
in temperature between day and night is huge.
7. Camels are animals that can live in the d
desert
without water for a long time.
8. Trees have a great effect on the
climate
(the regular pattern of weather conditions), the animals and the people.

答案

1. rainforests 2. ecosystem 3. rainfall
4. Penguins 5. coral 6. difference
7. desert 8. climate

解析

【分析】这是一道根据句意及提示(中文、首字母、英文释义)填写单词的题目,解题时需先理解句子语境,再结合括号内的提示,根据单词的词性、单复数等语法规则,确定正确的单词形式,确保符合句子逻辑和拼写要求。
【解析】1. 句意:如果人类继续破坏环境,热带雨林总有一天会消失。“热带雨林”对应英文rainforest,此处表示一类事物,用复数形式rainforests;2. 句意:鲨鱼在海洋生态系统的食物链顶端。“生态系统”对应英文ecosystem,此处用单数形式;3. 句意:中国东部的降雨量比其他地区多。“降雨量”对应英文rainfall,为不可数名词;4. 问句询问生活在地球南端的动物,“企鹅”对应英文penguin,此处表示一类动物,用复数形式Penguins,首字母大写;5. “珊瑚”对应英文coral,此处作定语修饰reef,用原形;6. 句意:昼夜温差很大,结合首字母d和句意,应填difference(差异);7. 句意:骆驼是能长时间在沙漠里不喝水的动物,结合首字母d,应填desert(沙漠);8. 英文释义为“天气的规律模式”,对应单词为climate(气候)。
【答案】1. rainforests 2. ecosystem 3. rainfall 4. Penguins 5. coral 6. difference 7. desert 8. climate
【知识点】英语单词拼写、根据提示填单词、名词的用法
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的运用,要求学生结合语境及各类提示准确填写单词,难度适中,需学生平时积累相关词汇并掌握名词的单复数等基本用法。
【难度系数】0.6
1. The number of the teachers in our school
A
about one hundred and half of them
A
women teachers.

A.is; are
B.are; is
C.is; is
D.are; are

答案

1. A

解析

【分析】
本题考查英语主谓一致的用法,需掌握两个核心规则:一是“the number of + 复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数;二是“分数/百分数 + of + 复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数(由of后名词的单复数决定)。先分析两个空格对应的主语结构,再匹配谓语动词形式即可。
【解析】
1. 第一空:“the number of the teachers”表示“教师的数量”,“the number of + 复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数,因此第一空填is;
2. 第二空:“half of them”中them指代前面的复数名词teachers,“half of + 复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数,因此第二空填are。
综上,答案为A。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
主谓一致
【点评】
本题考查主谓一致的基础知识点,涉及“the number of”和“分数+of+名词”的主谓用法,属于英语基础题型,需牢记相关规则即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.7
2. The driver was scared a lot when he saw an old man
B
on the road.

A.lie
B.lying
C.lay
D.lied

答案

2. B

解析

【分析】
本题考查动词see的固定搭配用法。首先回忆see的两种常见搭配:see sb. do sth.(看到某人做某事,强调动作全过程)和see sb. doing sth.(看到某人正在做某事,强调动作正在进行)。句中司机看到老人时,“躺”的动作正在发生,需用现在分词形式,再结合选项辨析词形即可得出答案。
【解析】
本题考查see的非谓语搭配。根据语境“司机看到一位老人正躺在路上时非常害怕”,此处强调“躺”的动作正在进行,应使用see sb. doing sth.结构。选项中,A为动词原形,C是lie(躺)的过去式,D是lie(撒谎)的过去式,均不符合要求;B是lie(躺)的现在分词lying,符合搭配要求,因此选B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
非谓语动词(现在分词作宾语补足语)、see的固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于基础的非谓语动词考查题,核心是掌握see的两种搭配的区别,只要牢记搭配规则就能轻松选出正确答案,是初中英语的高频基础考点。
【难度系数】
0.7
3. Making paper-cutting was
A
interesting
A
I spent more than four hours on it.

A.so; that
B.too; to
C.enough; to
D.very; that

答案

3. A

解析

【分析】首先观察句子后半部分是完整的句子(I spent more than four hours on it),需要选择能引导结果状语从句的固定结构。逐一分析选项用法:A选项so...that意为“如此……以至于……”,so后接形容词,that引导结果状语从句,可接完整句子;B选项too...to意为“太……而不能……”,to后需接动词原形,不能接从句;C选项enough...to意为“足够……做某事”,to后接动词原形,不符合从句要求;D选项very...that不是英语中的正确固定搭配。因此结合语境和结构,应选A。
【解析】本题考查结果状语从句的固定搭配用法。A项so...that结构:so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句,表“如此……以至于……”,本题中“interesting”是形容词,后接完整句子“I spent more than four hours on it”,符合该结构用法,语义通顺;B项too...to结构:too + 形容词 + to + 动词原形,表“太……而不能……”,to后接动词原形而非从句,排除;C项enough...to结构:形容词 + enough + to + 动词原形,表“足够……做某事”,同样to后接动词原形,排除;D项very...that无此固定搭配,排除。综上,答案为A。
【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配、结果状语从句
【点评】本题为英语基础语法题,考查引导结果状语从句的核心固定结构,需牢记不同结构的搭配规则(接从句/接动词原形),属于易得分的基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7
4. —There isn't much
B
in the desert.
—Yes. It's very
B
.

A.sun; hot
B.rain; dry
C.rainy; dry
D.sunny; hot

答案

4. B

解析

【分析】
首先,第一空前有修饰不可数名词的much,因此第一空需填名词,可先排除形容词选项C(rainy)和D(sunny);再结合沙漠的特点,沙漠少雨且干燥,A选项中“沙漠里没有太多太阳”不符合常识,B选项“沙漠里雨水不多,非常干燥”符合语境,据此选出答案。
【解析】
1. 第一空:much用于修饰不可数名词,需填名词。选项C(rainy,形容词)、D(sunny,形容词)不符合要求,排除;
2. 第二空:结合沙漠的特征,沙漠的核心特点是少雨、干燥。A选项中“hot(炎热)”与第一空“sun(太阳)”的搭配不符合沙漠的典型特征;B选项中“dry(干燥)”对应“rain(雨水)少的语境,符合沙漠的特点,因此选B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
不可数名词用法;形容词辨析
【点评】
本题考查词汇的词性判断及语境搭配,需结合常识分析选项,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
5. —Do you think the cultural
A
will be a big problem for us?
—Not really. If we respect each other, we'll get on well.

A.differences
B.danger
C.disasters
D.dialect

答案

5. A

解析

【分析】首先理解对话语境:问句询问文化相关的某事物是否会成为大问题,答语表示互相尊重就能相处好,说明该事物是文化间的差异类内容。再逐一分析选项词义,匹配语境即可得出答案。
【解析】先明确各选项词义:A. differences(差异);B. danger(危险);C. disasters(灾难);D. dialect(方言)。结合语境,文化差异是可能影响相处的因素,符合对话逻辑,因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】名词词义辨析;日常交际用语
【点评】本题考查名词词义在日常对话中的运用,需结合语境辨析选项含义,属于基础题型,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
6. We must keep
C
and walk
C
out of the room.

A.quiet; quiet
B.quietly; quietly
C.quiet; quietly
D.quietly; quiet

答案

6. C

解析

【分析】
本题考查形容词和副词的用法。首先,动词keep表示“保持”时是系动词,后面需接形容词作表语;其次,修饰动词walk需要用副词,据此分析选项。
【解析】
1. 第一个空:keep是系动词,后接形容词作表语,quiet是形容词,意为“安静的”,故第一空填quiet;
2. 第二个空:修饰动词walk需用副词,quiet的副词形式是quietly,意为“安静地”,故第二空填quietly;
综上,答案选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
形容词的用法、副词的用法
【点评】
本题是英语词性运用的基础题型,核心考查系动词后接形容词、副词修饰动词的规则,属于易掌握的基础知识点,适合巩固词性用法。
【难度系数】
0.6
三、阅读理解
As we know, the desert covers large areas of the earth. In the desert, there is very little rain and it is very hot during the day and so cold at night. If you are a hiker who wants to cross the desert, it might be wise to know what you should do in order to survive in the desert.
Try to find water in the desert. If you find a small piece of land where the earth is wet, dig deep inside to look for water. Another method of getting water is to cover a green plant with a plastic bag. As it breathes, water vapour will collect inside the bag. Little by little, you can collect enough water to drink.
Plan to travel at night and sleep during the day if you find you have to stay in the desert for a period of time. If you can find any shade in the desert, use it as a shelter(遮蔽物) to protect you from the strong sunlight.
Wear clothing in light colour. You’ll be cooler if you wear that kind of clothes, which can help your body become cool and protect you from sunburn.
Prepare to signal(示意) to planes passing overhead if you are caught in the desert. During the day, make a smoky fire and at night, keep a bright fire burning. Spell out “SOS” on the ground, using whatever materials you can find. In this way, you are more likely to be saved.
1. In the desert we sleep during the day in order to
.
A. get some water
B. keep away from the dangerous animals
C. walk fast across the desert
D. protect ourselves from the strong sunlight
2. What can we infer from the passage?
A. We can’t find any shade as a shelter.
B. It’s better to wear a white coat than a black one.
C. We shouldn’t travel at night because we can’t see clearly.
D. If you are in trouble, you should make a smoky fire at night.
3. What is the best title for the passage?
A. How to survive in the desert
B. What’s the weather like in the desert?
C. What should we wear in the desert?
D. Ways to enjoy yourselves in the desert

答案

1—3 DBA

解析

【分析】做英语阅读理解题时,需先通读原文把握核心内容,再针对每道题的题干关键词回原文定位,结合原文细节逐一分析选项,排除错误选项后得出正确答案。本题围绕沙漠生存的方法展开,需根据不同题型(细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意)的解题技巧作答。
【解析】1. 第1题:题干关键词为“sleep during the day”,定位原文第三段“Plan to travel at night and sleep during the day... use it as a shelter to protect you from the strong sunlight”,可知白天睡觉的目的是避开强烈阳光,对应选项D。
2. 第2题:为推理判断题,逐一分析选项:A项与原文“find any shade in the desert, use it as a shelter”矛盾;B项对应原文“Wear clothing in light colour. You’ll be cooler”,浅色(如白色)比深色(如黑色)更合适,正确;C项与原文“travel at night”的建议矛盾;D项原文明确“白天生冒烟的火,夜间生明火”,故错误,选B。
3. 第3题:为主旨大意题,原文分别从找水、作息、穿衣、求救等方面介绍沙漠生存的方法,核心是沙漠生存技巧,对应选项A。
【答案】DBA
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、推理判断
【点评】本题考查英语阅读理解的核心能力,包括细节定位、逻辑推理和主旨归纳,内容贴近生活场景,难度适中,适合中等水平学生完成。
【难度系数】0.7