1. (2025·无锡月考)如图,在$\mathrm{Rt}△ ABC$中,$∠ ACB=90°$,$AC≤ BC$,将$△ ABC$沿$EF$折叠,使点$A$落在直角边$BC$上的点$D$处,设$EF$与$AB$,$AC$边分别交于点$E$、点$F$,如果折叠后$△ CDF$与$△ BDE$均为等腰三角形,则$∠ B$的度数为(

A.$30°$
B.$45°$
C.$60°$
D.$30°$或$45°$
D
)A.$30°$
B.$45°$
C.$60°$
D.$30°$或$45°$
答案
1. D
2. 如图①,点 A,B,C,D 在同一直线上,$AB=CD$,作$EC⊥AD$于点 C,$FB⊥AD$于点 B,且$AE=DF$,连接 AF,ED.
(1)求证:$AF// DE$且$AF=DE$.
(2)若将$△ BFD$沿 AD 方向平移得到图②,其他条件不变,(1)中的结论是否仍成立? 说明理由.

(1)求证:$AF// DE$且$AF=DE$.
(2)若将$△ BFD$沿 AD 方向平移得到图②,其他条件不变,(1)中的结论是否仍成立? 说明理由.
答案
2. (1)$\because AB=CD,\therefore AB+BC=CD+BC$,即$AC=BD.\because EC ⊥ AD$,$FB ⊥ AD,\therefore ∠ ACE=∠ DCE=∠ DBF=∠ ABF=90°.\because AE=DF$,$\therefore \mathrm{Rt}△ ACE≌\mathrm{Rt}△ DBF(\mathrm{HL}),\therefore CE=BF,\therefore △ DCE≌ △ ABF(\mathrm{SAS}),\therefore AF=DE,∠ CDE=∠ BAF,\therefore AF// DE$.
(2)(1)中的结论仍成立,理由如下:$\because AB=CD,\therefore AB-BC=CD-BC$,即$AC=BD.\because EC ⊥ AD,FB ⊥ AD,\therefore ∠ ACE=∠ DCE=∠ DBF=∠ ABF=90°.\because AE=DF,\therefore \mathrm{Rt}△ ACE≌\mathrm{Rt}△ DBF(\mathrm{HL}),\therefore CE=BF,\therefore △ DCE≌ △ ABF(\mathrm{SAS}),\therefore AF=DE,∠ CDE=∠ BAF,\therefore AF// DE$.
(2)(1)中的结论仍成立,理由如下:$\because AB=CD,\therefore AB-BC=CD-BC$,即$AC=BD.\because EC ⊥ AD,FB ⊥ AD,\therefore ∠ ACE=∠ DCE=∠ DBF=∠ ABF=90°.\because AE=DF,\therefore \mathrm{Rt}△ ACE≌\mathrm{Rt}△ DBF(\mathrm{HL}),\therefore CE=BF,\therefore △ DCE≌ △ ABF(\mathrm{SAS}),\therefore AF=DE,∠ CDE=∠ BAF,\therefore AF// DE$.
3. (2025·无锡月考)如图,$△ ABC$是等腰直角三角形,$∠ BAC=90°$,点$D$是线段$AC$延长线上一点,将线段$BD$绕着点$B$逆时针旋转$90°$得到线段$BE$,连接$CE$交直线$AB$于点$P$.
(1)若$∠ PBE=20°$,则$∠ D=\_\_\_\_\_\_°$;
(2)探究线段$PE$,$PC$之间的数量关系,并给出证明;
(3)将“点$D$是线段$AC$延长线上一点”改为“点$D$是射线$AC$上一点”,其余条件不变,若$AB=5$,$\dfrac{S_{△ PBE}}{S_{△ DBC}}=\dfrac{7}{6}$,则$CD=\_\_\_\_\_\_$.

(1)若$∠ PBE=20°$,则$∠ D=\_\_\_\_\_\_°$;
(2)探究线段$PE$,$PC$之间的数量关系,并给出证明;
(3)将“点$D$是线段$AC$延长线上一点”改为“点$D$是射线$AC$上一点”,其余条件不变,若$AB=5$,$\dfrac{S_{△ PBE}}{S_{△ DBC}}=\dfrac{7}{6}$,则$CD=\_\_\_\_\_\_$.
答案
3. (1)20 解析:由旋转可知,$∠ EBD=90°,BE=BD,\therefore ∠ ABD=∠ EBD-∠ PBE=90°-20°=70°.\because ∠ BAC=90°,\therefore ∠ D=90°-∠ ABD=90°-70°=20°$.
(2)$PE=PC$,证明如下:如图,过点$E$作$EF⊥ AB$,交$BA$延长线于点$F.\because EF⊥ AB,\therefore ∠ EFB=90°,\therefore ∠ BAD=∠ EFB=90°.\because ∠ ADB+∠ ABD=90°,∠ EBF+∠ ABD=90°,\therefore ∠ EBF=∠ ADB$. 在$△ BEF$和$△ DBA$中,
$\begin{cases}∠ EFB=∠ BAD,\\∠ EBF=∠ BDA,\\BE=BD,\end{cases}$$\therefore △ BEF≌△ DBA(\mathrm{AAS}),\therefore EF=AB,BF=AD.\because AB=AC,\therefore EF=AC$. 在$△ EFP$与$△ CAP$中,
$\begin{cases}∠ EFP=∠ CAP=90°,\\∠ CPA=∠ EPF,\\EF=AC,\end{cases}$$\therefore △ EFP≌△ CAP(\mathrm{AAS}),\therefore PE=PC$.
(3)$\dfrac{15}{2}$或$3$ 解析:当点$D$在线段$AC$延长线上时,设$CD=x$,$S_{△ PBE}=\dfrac{1}{2}×(AB+AP)× EF$,$S_{△ DBC}=\dfrac{1}{2}× CD× AB$. 由$△ BEF≌△ DBA$,得$EF=AB=5$,$BF=AD=5+x$,由$△ EFP≌△ CAP$,得$AP=PF=\dfrac{1}{2}x$,$\therefore S_{△ PBE}=\dfrac{1}{2}×(5+\dfrac{x}{2})×5=\dfrac{50+5x}{4}$,$S_{△ DBC}=\dfrac{1}{2}× x×5=\dfrac{5x}{2}.\because \dfrac{S_{△ PBE}}{S_{△ DBC}}=\dfrac{7}{6}$,$\therefore \dfrac{50+5x}{4}=\dfrac{7}{6}×\dfrac{5x}{2}$,解得$x=\dfrac{15}{2}$.
当点$D$在线段$AC$上时,设$CD=x$,同理可得$S_{△ PBE}=\dfrac{1}{2}×(5-\dfrac{x}{2})×5=\dfrac{50-5x}{4}$,$S_{△ DBC}=\dfrac{1}{2}× x×5=\dfrac{5x}{2}.\because \dfrac{S_{△ PBE}}{S_{△ DBC}}=\dfrac{7}{6}$,$\therefore \dfrac{50-5x}{4}=\dfrac{7}{6}×\dfrac{5x}{2}$,解得$x=3$.综上,$CD$的长为$\dfrac{15}{2}$或$3$.
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