四、根据课本第 36、37 页 1b 的语篇内容，完成下面的表格。
ParagraphMain ideaDetails

Paragraph 1Mount Qomolangma & climbing challenges● Mount Qomolangma is one of the 1. of the world.
● Only the best climbers reach the top only if they survive the 2. first, such as low temperatures, thin air, high cliffs and 3. .|
Paragraph 2Early attempts from the northern sideBefore 1960, no one reached the top from the northern side.
Climbers even called that way the "4. ".
But a 5. was determined to make the climb.|
Paragraph 3Chinese climbing in 1960● On 24 May 1960, four Chinese climbers arrived at the Second Step. It was 6. above sea level.
● On 25 May, 7. flew above the world's highest mountain for the first time.|
Paragraph 4Later Chinese climbing efforts & achievements● In 1975, another Chinese team brought 8. to the Second Step. Almost all climbers used it to reach the top 9. until 2007.
● In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to 10. — 8,848.86 metres.|
Paragraph 5Reasons for climbing QomolangmaPeople risk their lives to climb it because human 11. can't be stopped, or simply "12. ," as the English explorer George Mallory put it.

1. greatest wonders 2. terrible conditions 3. changeable weather 4. Death Road 5. Chinese climbing team 6. 8, 600 metres 7. the Chinese national flag 8. a ladder 9. much faster 10. measure its height 11. curiosity and ambition 12. because it's there

【解析】
本题要求结合课本第36、37页1b的指定语篇内容完成表格填空。解题时需回顾语篇各段落的核心内容与细节信息，根据表格中段落主旨的提示，精准提取对应空缺处的关键词汇或短语进行填写。
【答案】
1. greatest wonders
2. terrible conditions
3. changeable weather
4. Death Road
5. Chinese climbing team
6. 8,600 metres
7. the Chinese national flag
8. a ladder
9. much faster
10. measure its height
11. curiosity and ambition
12. because it's there
【知识点】
语篇细节提取、词汇短语运用、阅读信息匹配
【点评】
本题依托课本语篇素材，考查学生对语篇细节信息的捕捉与提取能力，既有助于巩固学生对相关话题词汇的识记，也能提升学生阅读理解的精准度与信息整合能力。
【难度系数】
0.8

五、根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
The Horsetail Fall is one of Yosemite National Park's most amazing views. Around the second week of February, the setting sun hits the Horsetail Fall at just the right angle (角度) to light the upper parts of the waterfall. And when conditions are right, the Horsetail Fall becomes orange and red at sunset. It is like red - hot lava (熔岩) pouring down from the top of the El Capitan. So, it gets the name "firefall".
The firefall is a perfect match of the weather, the fall, the time and the watching place. It usually appears on dry, warm and cloudless days. There must be enough flowing water to make a firefall too. So there must be enough snow on the mountain top, and it turns into water on warm afternoons.
The sun goes to the best place before the Horsetail Fall in late February. And the best time to watch the Horsetail Fall is 5 to 15 minutes before the sunset. Only at this time can visitors see the firefall. The El Capitan Picnic Area is the best place to watch it, because it is close to the fall and is perfect to set up cameras and tents.
Every year in February, thousands of photographers come to watch the firefall. Although the view may appear just minutes before sunset, many of them have to come hours earlier to get a right place to set their cameras in time. "I'm just saying that the Yosemite Firefall is something you don't want to miss during the winter," says Kate Moore, a traveller.
()1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us?
A. How the firefall gets its name.
B. Why it's easy to see the firefall.
C. Who was the first to find the firefall.
D. On which day people can visit the firefall.
()2. What can we know about the firefall?
A. It lasts for half an hour before the sunset.
B. It usually appears on wet, warm and cloudy days.
C. Rivers provide enough flowing water to form a firefall.
D. Its best viewing place is the El Capitan Picnic Area.
()3. Why do many photographers come hours earlier to watch the firefall?
A. To take photos of the sunset.
B. To enjoy the warm afternoon.
C. To get a proper place to set their cameras.
D. To wait for the snow to turn into water.
()4. What can we infer from the words of Kate Moore?
A. The firefall is worth seeing.
B. It's dangerous to watch the firefall.
C. The firefall brings little surprise.
D. It's a waste of time to visit the firefall.
()5. Where can we probably read this text?
A. In an art magazine.
B. In a nature magazine.
C. In a history textbook.
D. On a technology website.

1—5 ADCAB

【解析】
1. 第一段介绍了约塞米蒂国家公园的马尾瀑布在特定条件下会呈现出如熔岩般的橙红色，因此被称为“火瀑布”，核心是讲述“火瀑布”名字的由来，故选A。
2. 根据文章内容：A选项中观赏时长应为日落前5到15分钟，并非半小时；B选项火瀑布通常出现在干燥、温暖、无云的日子，而非潮湿多云；C选项形成火瀑布的水来自山顶积雪融化，而非河流；D选项由第三段最后一句可知El Capitan野餐区是最佳观赏地，故选D。
3. 由第四段“many of them have to come hours earlier to get a right place to set their cameras in time”可知，摄影师提前数小时来是为了找到合适的位置架设相机，故选C。
4. Kate Moore的话“the Yosemite Firefall is something you don't want to miss during the winter”表明火瀑布是值得一看的景观，故选A。
5. 本文介绍的是约塞米蒂国家公园的自然景观“火瀑布”，这类内容最可能出现在自然杂志中，故选B。
【答案】
1—5 ADCAB
【知识点】
1. 主旨大意归纳
2. 细节信息查找
3. 推理判断
【点评】
本文围绕约塞米蒂国家公园的“火瀑布”展开，介绍了其得名缘由、形成条件、观赏时间与地点等内容。题目全面考查了学生对文章主旨的把握、细节信息的定位以及推理判断能力，需学生精准梳理文章内容作答。
【难度系数】
0.6