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Passage 6
Many marine species(海洋物种) depend on specific routes for migration(迁徙). These routes provide marine animals with the right conditions at the right time of year, guiding them through the oceans. Humans have tried to map these routes, but they are not clear to us because of unexpected changes in nature.
To find out the routes that migratory marine species regularly take, a research team of scientists in Australia and the US has now created an interactive map that shows the paths connecting ocean habitats(栖息地).
The new map, named the Migratory Connectivity in the Ocean (MiCO), collects data and makes it easier for scientists to see where migratory marine species may be falling into their migration paths. The database(数据库) includes information on 109 species, based on around 30 years of data, and shows where they are going to and from—including which species cross national waters.
"MiCO connects almost 2,000 important habitats and shows the importance of cross-boundary teamwork," says the research team. They find that all species recorded in MiCO are less protected at some stage of their life cycle due to different national policies in different countries. That means no country is able to fully protect migratory species if there is no help from others. "For example, green turtles nest in Costa Rica and migrate north through Nicaragua and out to islands in the Caribbean," the team says. "Although green turtles are largely protected in Costa Rica, fishing for them is allowed in Nicaragua and huge numbers are lost off the coast there every year."
MiCO works to provide useful knowledge on migratory connectivity to help protect marine species. In 2023, a UN report found climate changes are having bad influence on migratory species. MiCO collects the information from different time periods, so that the team hopes it can be used to tell those changes in connectivity. MiCO is also expected to collect information on more migratory marine species because there is less than one-third of the data collected now.
"So far, the migratory information revealed by the MiCO system only scratches(触及) the surface of the true connectivity of the global oceans," the team says.
(
A. By offering advice.
B. By presenting study results.
C. By expressing opinions.
D. By giving background information.
(
A. A map that humans draw to look for marine species.
B. A route which guides marine species through the oceans.
C. A database that shows the lines marine species migrate along.
D. A system which scientists use for researches on temperature changes.
(
A. To prove the harm in fishing for migratory species.
B. To show the importance of cross-country teamwork.
C. To share the methods of marine species protection.
D. To explain the reason why marine species migrate.
(
A. Over 10 laws are made on marine species protection.
B. There are mainly 3 elephant species living on the earth.
C. Leatherback turtles travel about 20,000 km from Indonesia to Oregon.
D. Thousands of people visit the whale shark habitat in South Africa every year.
Many marine species(海洋物种) depend on specific routes for migration(迁徙). These routes provide marine animals with the right conditions at the right time of year, guiding them through the oceans. Humans have tried to map these routes, but they are not clear to us because of unexpected changes in nature.
To find out the routes that migratory marine species regularly take, a research team of scientists in Australia and the US has now created an interactive map that shows the paths connecting ocean habitats(栖息地).
The new map, named the Migratory Connectivity in the Ocean (MiCO), collects data and makes it easier for scientists to see where migratory marine species may be falling into their migration paths. The database(数据库) includes information on 109 species, based on around 30 years of data, and shows where they are going to and from—including which species cross national waters.
"MiCO connects almost 2,000 important habitats and shows the importance of cross-boundary teamwork," says the research team. They find that all species recorded in MiCO are less protected at some stage of their life cycle due to different national policies in different countries. That means no country is able to fully protect migratory species if there is no help from others. "For example, green turtles nest in Costa Rica and migrate north through Nicaragua and out to islands in the Caribbean," the team says. "Although green turtles are largely protected in Costa Rica, fishing for them is allowed in Nicaragua and huge numbers are lost off the coast there every year."
MiCO works to provide useful knowledge on migratory connectivity to help protect marine species. In 2023, a UN report found climate changes are having bad influence on migratory species. MiCO collects the information from different time periods, so that the team hopes it can be used to tell those changes in connectivity. MiCO is also expected to collect information on more migratory marine species because there is less than one-third of the data collected now.
"So far, the migratory information revealed by the MiCO system only scratches(触及) the surface of the true connectivity of the global oceans," the team says.
(
D
) 1.How does the writer lead in the topic?A. By offering advice.
B. By presenting study results.
C. By expressing opinions.
D. By giving background information.
(
C
) 2.What is MiCO?A. A map that humans draw to look for marine species.
B. A route which guides marine species through the oceans.
C. A database that shows the lines marine species migrate along.
D. A system which scientists use for researches on temperature changes.
(
B
) 3.Why does the writer take the example of green turtles?A. To prove the harm in fishing for migratory species.
B. To show the importance of cross-country teamwork.
C. To share the methods of marine species protection.
D. To explain the reason why marine species migrate.
(
C
) 4.Which of the following can be the data MiCO collects?A. Over 10 laws are made on marine species protection.
B. There are mainly 3 elephant species living on the earth.
C. Leatherback turtles travel about 20,000 km from Indonesia to Oregon.
D. Thousands of people visit the whale shark habitat in South Africa every year.
答案
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.C
解析
【分析】
我拿到这道题首先先明确这是一篇科普类阅读理解，解题思路是先通读题干明确每道题的提问方向，再带着问题回原文定位对应段落逐一比对选项：
1. 第一题问作者引入话题的方式，直接看开篇第一段的内容，判断开篇内容的属性就能选出答案；
2. 第二题问MiCO的定义，定位原文第二、第三段关于MiCO的描述，逐一排除和原文不符的干扰选项；
3. 第三题问举例绿海龟的作用，找到例子的前文观点，例子都是用来支撑就近的核心论点的，对应匹配选项即可；
4. 第四题问MiCO收集的有效数据，先明确MiCO的核心功能是收集海洋迁徙物种的迁徙路径相关信息，筛选符合这个属性的选项就行。
【解析】
1. 文章开篇第一段先介绍了海洋迁徙物种依赖特定迁徙路线、而人类此前一直无法完全探明这些路线的客观背景信息，由此引出后文新研发的MiCO相关话题，没有给出建议、提前展示研究结果，也没有直接抛出个人观点，因此选D。
2. 根据原文第二、三段内容，MiCO是一款互动地图同时也是数据库，收录了109种海洋迁徙物种的往返迁徙路径信息：A选项说它是用来寻找海洋物种的地图不符合原文描述，B选项说它是引导海洋物种的路线完全错误，D选项说它用于温度变化研究和原文内容无关，只有C选项描述符合原文定义。
3. 绿海龟的例子出现在第四段，例子前的核心观点是“如果没有其他国家的帮助，没有任何一个国家可以独立完全保护迁徙物种”，举绿海龟在哥斯达黎加受保护、但途经尼加拉瓜时大量被捕捞死亡的例子，正是为了证明跨境协作保护海洋迁徙物种的重要性，因此选B。
4. MiCO的核心功能是收集海洋迁徙物种的迁徙路径相关数据：A选项是保护相关法律、B选项是陆地大象物种信息、D选项是游客到访栖息地的人数，都不属于它的收集范畴，只有C选项棱皮龟跨区域迁徙的路线距离，属于海洋迁徙物种的迁徙路径相关数据，符合要求。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.C
【知识点】
科普文本阅读，细节信息查找，论据作用判断
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的科普类阅读理解，考点覆盖了写作手法判断、概念定义理解、举例论证作用判断、信息匹配多个维度，既考查学生快速定位原文关键信息的基础阅读能力，也考查学生对文本逻辑的理解能力，同时引导学生了解跨境海洋生物保护的相关热点知识，部分学生容易误选第2题的干扰项，需要仔细比对原文多个描述排除错误选项。
【难度系数】
0.7
我拿到这道题首先先明确这是一篇科普类阅读理解，解题思路是先通读题干明确每道题的提问方向，再带着问题回原文定位对应段落逐一比对选项：
1. 第一题问作者引入话题的方式，直接看开篇第一段的内容，判断开篇内容的属性就能选出答案；
2. 第二题问MiCO的定义，定位原文第二、第三段关于MiCO的描述，逐一排除和原文不符的干扰选项；
3. 第三题问举例绿海龟的作用，找到例子的前文观点，例子都是用来支撑就近的核心论点的，对应匹配选项即可；
4. 第四题问MiCO收集的有效数据，先明确MiCO的核心功能是收集海洋迁徙物种的迁徙路径相关信息，筛选符合这个属性的选项就行。
【解析】
1. 文章开篇第一段先介绍了海洋迁徙物种依赖特定迁徙路线、而人类此前一直无法完全探明这些路线的客观背景信息，由此引出后文新研发的MiCO相关话题，没有给出建议、提前展示研究结果，也没有直接抛出个人观点，因此选D。
2. 根据原文第二、三段内容，MiCO是一款互动地图同时也是数据库，收录了109种海洋迁徙物种的往返迁徙路径信息：A选项说它是用来寻找海洋物种的地图不符合原文描述，B选项说它是引导海洋物种的路线完全错误，D选项说它用于温度变化研究和原文内容无关，只有C选项描述符合原文定义。
3. 绿海龟的例子出现在第四段，例子前的核心观点是“如果没有其他国家的帮助，没有任何一个国家可以独立完全保护迁徙物种”，举绿海龟在哥斯达黎加受保护、但途经尼加拉瓜时大量被捕捞死亡的例子，正是为了证明跨境协作保护海洋迁徙物种的重要性，因此选B。
4. MiCO的核心功能是收集海洋迁徙物种的迁徙路径相关数据：A选项是保护相关法律、B选项是陆地大象物种信息、D选项是游客到访栖息地的人数，都不属于它的收集范畴，只有C选项棱皮龟跨区域迁徙的路线距离，属于海洋迁徙物种的迁徙路径相关数据，符合要求。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.C
【知识点】
科普文本阅读，细节信息查找，论据作用判断
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的科普类阅读理解，考点覆盖了写作手法判断、概念定义理解、举例论证作用判断、信息匹配多个维度，既考查学生快速定位原文关键信息的基础阅读能力，也考查学生对文本逻辑的理解能力，同时引导学生了解跨境海洋生物保护的相关热点知识，部分学生容易误选第2题的干扰项，需要仔细比对原文多个描述排除错误选项。
【难度系数】
0.7
