Passage 19
According to Chinese speaking practice, the lion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair
of stone lions, a male (1) a female, are usually seen in front of the gates of
traditional buildings.
The lion (2) (consider) as the king in the animal world, so
(3) (it) images represent power and prestige(权势). Stone lions are also
used to show the ranks of officials.
It is interesting to note that China had no lions at first. (4) (early) stone
lions were sculpted(雕刻) at the (5) ______ (begin) of the Eastern Han dynasty
from A.D. 25 to 220 with (6) introduction of Buddhism(佛教) into ancient
China. In the Buddhist faith(信仰), the lion, which can protect the truth and keep off evils(邪恶), (7) (think) of as a divine(神圣的) animal of nobleness and dignity. In
Chinese folk tales, the lion (8) (become) a symbol of bravery, power, and
good luck.
It was also popular to decorate bridges with stone sculpted lions because (9)
their protecting qualities. The best known of the bridges is the Lugou Bridge, which (10)
(build) from 1189 to 1192. The stone lions on these bridges are beautiful works of art that have
stood the test of time and remain a source of pride for China's rich cultural heritage(遗产).

1. and 2. is considered 3. its 4. The earliest 5. beginning 6. the 7. is thought 8. has
become/becomes 9. of 10. was built

【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国传统石狮子文化的语法填空题，解题时先通读全文把握主旨，再逐空结合句子逻辑、词性规则、时态语态、固定搭配推导答案：首先先判断空格前后的成分关系，并列关系选对应连词；遇到主语和动词的逻辑动宾关系要考虑被动语态；修饰名词要考虑形容词性物主代词；有明确范围对比的语境考虑形容词最高级；固定搭配要回忆常用短语结构；特指的名词前要搭配定冠词；接名词表原因要用because of而非because；过去时间的被动动作要用一般过去时被动语态，一步步对应考点就能得出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 空格前后的a male和a female是并列的一对石狮子，表并列关系，填入并列连词and。
2. 句意为狮子被认为是动物界的国王，主语The lion和动词consider是被动关系，全文是客观介绍的一般现在时基调，一般现在时被动结构为is+过去分词，因此填is considered。
3. 空格后是名词images，需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词，指代狮子的形象，it对应的形容词性物主代词是its，填its。
4. 语境要表达“最早的石狮子”，暗含和后世石狮子的对比，要用形容词最高级，early的最高级为earliest，形容词最高级前需加定冠词the，且位于句首首字母大写，因此填The earliest。
5. 固定搭配at the beginning of意为“在……之初”，将动词begin变为名词形式beginning，填beginning。
6. 此处特指佛教传入古中国这件特定的历史事件，属于特指概念，填入定冠词the。
7. 句意为在佛教信仰中狮子被认为是高贵的神圣动物，主语the lion和think of是被动关系，描述公认的客观宗教认知，用一般现在时被动，主语为单数，因此填is thought。
8. 语境表达狮子在民间传说中成为勇敢、权力、好运的象征：如果强调从过去到现在的演变结果，可用现在完成时has become；如果描述民间传说里的既定客观事实，也可用一般现在时becomes，两种形式均正确。
9. 空格后是名词性短语their protecting qualities，because of是固定介词短语，后接名词/代词表原因，因此填of。
10. 卢沟桥的建造发生在1189到1192年的过去，主语和build是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，因此填was built。
【答案】
1. and 2. is considered 3. its 4. The earliest 5. beginning 6. the 7. is thought 8. has become/becomes 9. of 10. was built
【知识点】
语法填空、动词被动语态、固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题以中国传统石狮子的文化常识为载体出题，既覆盖了初高中语法填空的核心考点，也融入了本土文化知识，考点涵盖并列连词、物主代词、形容词最高级、词性转换、定冠词、时态语态等多个高频考点，难度适中，学生在练习语法的同时也能拓展文化认知。
【难度系数】
0.65

Passage 20
When an important holiday comes, I usually think of what gifts to buy or prepare for my
family members. It is the act (1) (it) that matters, not what you buy. Either
a small present, a text message, (2) a phone call can mean a lot to the
receivers. (3) , I had never got anything from my son, who is a university
student. Parents never miss (4) (celebrate) their children's birthday, but their
children seem to be very forgetful. They seldom do something in return.
Life is unpredictable, and you never know what will happen tomorrow. When my son came
back during the summer vacation, my wife and I, as usual, (5) (meet) him at
the station. On arriving home, much to my surprise, my son took out a smart wristband(智能手环) and gave it to me, saying it was a birthday gift for me. It is a very fashionable band
(6) shows not only temperature but walking distance and steps as well. You
can imagine how (7) (surprise) I was at that moment.
Some people say children get too much care and love from their parents and just take them for
granted. It is (8) (nature) for people to have such concerns and worries, but
things may not turn out as bad as it (9) (expect). We need to look more at
the positive side of life, as a famous writer once said, "Life is (10) (good)
classroom one can ever get."

1. itself 2. or 3. However 4. celebrating 5. met 6. that/which 7. surprised 8. natural
9. is expected 10. the best

【分析】
首先通读全文，把握语篇主旨：本文讲述作者原本以为上大学的儿子不懂回报、不会给自己准备礼物，却意外收到儿子送的生日智能手环的暖心经历。解题时先逐句分析句子成分，结合上下文逻辑、固定搭配、各类语法规则逐一推导答案：第一步先判断每空的考点类型，是词性转换、连词、从句引导词还是时态语态类考点；第二步结合语境确定所需词的正确形式；最后把所有答案代入全文通读，检查逻辑是否通顺、语法是否合规。比如看到指代前文的名词表“本身”的含义就想到反身代词，看到either就联想到either...or...固定搭配，看到先行词是物从句缺主语就想到定语从句的关系代词that/which。
【解析】
1. 此处作the act的同位语，强调“行为本身才是重要的”，指代单数事物the act，将it变为反身代词itself。
2. 此处构成固定并列结构either...or...，意为“无论是小礼物、短信还是一通电话，对接收者来说都意义重大”，填or。
3. 前文提到各类微小的心意对收礼人都很有意义，后文转折说明作者此前从未收到过自己上大学的儿子的任何礼物，空后有逗号隔开，填转折副词However，首字母大写。
4. 此处考查固定搭配miss doing sth.，意为“忘记/错过做某事”，将动词celebrate变为动名词celebrating。
5. 此处描述过去暑假儿子返乡时发生的动作，全文叙事主体为一般过去时，将meet变为过去式met。
6. 此处为定语从句，先行词是表示事物的band，从句缺少主语，可用关系代词that或者which引导从句。
7. 此处修饰人的主观感受，表示“感到惊讶的”，将名词surprise变为修饰人的形容词surprised。
8. 此处符合固定句型It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.，需要形容词作表语，将名词nature变为形容词natural，意为“自然的”。
9. 句意为“但事情的结果可能不会像它被预期的那样糟糕”，it指代前文的情况，和动词expect是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态is expected。
10. 后文的范围限定“one can ever get（人所能获得的）”提示此处要用形容词最高级，将good变为最高级the best。
【答案】
1. itself 2. or 3. However 4. celebrating 5. met 6. that/which 7. surprised 8. natural 9. is expected 10. the best
【知识点】
词性转换规则，定语从句用法，时态语态应用
【点评】
本题选取贴近日常生活的暖心叙事类语篇，考点覆盖高中英语语法填空的绝大多数高频考点，既考查学生对基础语法规则的识记掌握能力，也要求学生结合上下文逻辑推导答案，难度梯度设置合理，同时传递了关注生活正向面的积极价值观。
【难度系数】
0.6