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Taking away a city’s rubbish is a big job. Every day trucks come into a city to collect it. Most rubbish is made up of things we can’t eat or use. If we keep these things, we will soon have a mountain of rubbish.
In some cities, the rubbish is collected and taken outside the city to a dump(垃圾场). The city dump is often in a low place or a big hole. The kitchen rubbish is broken into small pieces and sent into the sewage system. The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs(浴缸) or other places.
To keep mice and flies away, people put some soil on the rubbish. After that, they can plant grass on the land. They can also build houses there. Finally, you can’t tell it was once a dump.
In other cities, people burn rubbish in special places. Fire burns everything but metal(金属). People can recycle the metal in factories. There, factories make things from metal. The food waste in the rubbish is put in special piles. In these piles, it slowly changes into humus(腐殖质)—it looks like black earth. It is rich in the kinds of things that feed plants and help them grow.
阅读短文,选择正确的答案。(8 分)
(
A. 污水 B. 色素 C. 灰尘
(
A. feed animals B. feed plants C. build a house
(
A. different ways of dealing with(处理) rubbish
B. how to get metal in rubbish
C. the importance of collecting rubbish
(
A. science magazine B. history book C. storybook
Taking away a city’s rubbish is a big job. Every day trucks come into a city to collect it. Most rubbish is made up of things we can’t eat or use. If we keep these things, we will soon have a mountain of rubbish.
In some cities, the rubbish is collected and taken outside the city to a dump(垃圾场). The city dump is often in a low place or a big hole. The kitchen rubbish is broken into small pieces and sent into the sewage system. The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs(浴缸) or other places.
To keep mice and flies away, people put some soil on the rubbish. After that, they can plant grass on the land. They can also build houses there. Finally, you can’t tell it was once a dump.
In other cities, people burn rubbish in special places. Fire burns everything but metal(金属). People can recycle the metal in factories. There, factories make things from metal. The food waste in the rubbish is put in special piles. In these piles, it slowly changes into humus(腐殖质)—it looks like black earth. It is rich in the kinds of things that feed plants and help them grow.
阅读短文,选择正确的答案。(8 分)
(
A
)1. The underlined word “sewage” in the passage means “” in Chinese.A. 污水 B. 色素 C. 灰尘
(
B
)2. According to the passage, the food parts of rubbish can be used to .A. feed animals B. feed plants C. build a house
(
A
)3. The passage mainly talks about .A. different ways of dealing with(处理) rubbish
B. how to get metal in rubbish
C. the importance of collecting rubbish
(
A
)4. We can probably read the passage in a .A. science magazine B. history book C. storybook
答案
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合原文内容逐一分析各题：1. 词义猜测题，需根据上下文描述的系统功能推断划线词含义；2. 细节理解题，需定位原文中食物垃圾用途的相关语句匹配选项；3. 主旨大意题，梳理全文核心内容确定主题；4. 推理判断题，根据文章的科学属性判断出处。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测：根据第二段“The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs or other places.”可知，该系统处理用过的水，故“sewage”意为“污水”，选A；
2. 细节理解：根据最后一段“The food waste... slowly changes into humus... It is rich in the kinds of things that feed plants and help them grow.”可知，食物垃圾可用于喂养植物，选B；
3. 主旨大意：文章分别介绍了垃圾运至垃圾场、焚烧、回收利用等不同处理方式，核心是垃圾处理的不同方法，选A；
4. 推理判断：文章内容围绕垃圾处理的科学知识展开，最可能出自科学杂志，选A。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的核心题型，需学生精准定位原文信息，理解词义、细节与主旨，难度适中，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.3
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合原文内容逐一分析各题：1. 词义猜测题，需根据上下文描述的系统功能推断划线词含义；2. 细节理解题，需定位原文中食物垃圾用途的相关语句匹配选项；3. 主旨大意题，梳理全文核心内容确定主题；4. 推理判断题，根据文章的科学属性判断出处。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测：根据第二段“The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs or other places.”可知，该系统处理用过的水，故“sewage”意为“污水”，选A；
2. 细节理解：根据最后一段“The food waste... slowly changes into humus... It is rich in the kinds of things that feed plants and help them grow.”可知，食物垃圾可用于喂养植物，选B；
3. 主旨大意：文章分别介绍了垃圾运至垃圾场、焚烧、回收利用等不同处理方式，核心是垃圾处理的不同方法，选A；
4. 推理判断：文章内容围绕垃圾处理的科学知识展开，最可能出自科学杂志，选A。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的核心题型，需学生精准定位原文信息，理解词义、细节与主旨，难度适中，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.3
