一 新情境 科普知识 读一读，从方框中选出最佳选项，补全短文。
Most of us have learned the virtue(美德) of honesty from stories. For example, the story of Pinocchio tells us that every time he lies, his nose grows longer. These stories teach children that “honesty is the best”. 1. Actually, people lie for different reasons.
One common reason is to hide a mistake. Everyone makes mistakes, but some people don't have the courage to admit them because they fear being blamed(责备). For instance, students might tell their teachers that they left their homework at home. 2. They just want to avoid punishment.
3. Parents may teach their children to use “protective(保护性的)” lies in some cases. 4. For example, children can say their parents are too busy to come to the phone. This helps keep them safe.
5. Lying for safety can have good results, but lying to avoid trouble often leads to more trouble. Knowing why we lie might help us stop this habit.
A. In fact, they did not do the homework at all.
B. But why do so many people lie?
C. People lie for many reasons, both good and bad.
D. What should children do if a stranger calls while their parents are out?
E. Another reason for lying has to do with self-protection.

1. B 2. A 3. E 4. D 5. C

【分析】本题为语篇补全类题目，解题思路是先通读全文把握主旨（人们说谎的不同原因），再结合空格前后的语境、句子间的逻辑关系（转折、举例、总分、承接等）匹配选项：第1空需引出“人们说谎的原因”，第2空需解释学生谎言的实际情况，第3空需承接上文的原因列举，第4空需匹配后文的举例场景，第5空需总结全文内容。
【解析】1. 第1空：前文讲诚实的美德，后文转折引出“人们说谎有不同原因”，B选项（But why do so many people lie?）可自然衔接，符合逻辑；2. 第2空：前文说学生称作业落家，后文说想避免惩罚，A选项（In fact, they did not do the homework at all）解释了学生谎言的真相，符合语境；3. 第3空：前文讲了一个说谎原因，后文讲“保护性谎言”（自我保护），E选项（Another reason for lying has to do with self-protection）承接上文的原因列举，符合逻辑；4. 第4空：后文举例孩子应对父母不在家时的陌生来电，D选项（What should children do if a stranger calls while their parents are out?）是后文举例的对应问题，匹配；5. 第5空：前文列举了不同的说谎原因，C选项（People lie for many reasons, both good and bad）总结全文，符合要求。
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.E 4.D 5.C
【知识点】英语语篇补全、逻辑衔接
【点评】本题考查学生对语篇逻辑关系的理解，需结合上下文语境、举例内容及衔接词分析，是初中英语常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5

二 新素养 价值导向 根据短文，填写下列表格(每空不限一词)。
One day, a rich old businessman(商人) in a small town meets a factory worker, a coach and a fisherman. He gives them three seeds and says that whoever brings the most beautiful flower after three months can get his money.
After three months, the factory worker brings a big red flower. The coach brings a small purple flower. But the poor fisherman brings nothing. He is very sad. “I don’t know why!” he says. “I watered it every day.” “You are honest!” the businessman says. “The seeds are bad and will never sprout(发芽)! The money is yours.” The fisherman is very happy. The other two men feel ashamed and sad.
When: 1. | Where: 2.
What happens:
The businessman is old. He has 3. .
The businessman meets three men. He gives them three seeds and says whoever brings the most beautiful flower after three months can get his money.
The factory worker 4. . The coach 5. . The fisherman 6. .
7. can have the businessman's money because he is honest.

1. One day 2. In a small town
3. a lot of money 4. brings a big red flower
5. brings a small purple flower 6. brings nothing
7. The fisherman

【分析】
本题为根据短文内容补全表格的信息提取题，解题思路是：先明确每个空格对应的提问方向（如时间、地点、人物行为等），再通读短文，定位与空格对应的关键语句，提取准确信息填入空格，最后确定符合“诚实”条件的人物。
【解析】
1. 问时间：短文开头第一句“One day, a rich old businessman...”直接对应When，故填One day；
2. 问地点：短文第一句中“in a small town”对应Where，故填In a small town；
3. 描述商人的情况：原文提到“rich old businessman”，说明他有很多钱，故填a lot of money；
4. 工厂工人的行为：短文第二段第一句明确写“the factory worker brings a big red flower”，故填brings a big red flower；
5. 教练的行为：短文第二段第二句“The coach brings a small purple flower”直接对应，故填brings a small purple flower；
6. 渔夫的行为：短文第二段第三句“But the poor fisherman brings nothing”对应，故填brings nothing；
7. 谁获得钱：短文最后提到渔夫诚实，商人把钱给了他，故填The fisherman。
【答案】
1. One day 2. In a small town 3. a lot of money 4. brings a big red flower 5. brings a small purple flower 6. brings nothing 7. The fisherman
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、信息提取
【点评】
本题是基础的阅读理解细节题，考查学生快速定位短文关键信息的能力，题型简单，适合巩固英语阅读的细节查找技巧。
【难度系数】
0.9