四、根据中文意思完成句子。
1. 生态系统包括一个区域内的所有生物和非生物。

2. 生态系统大小各异，从小池塘到大片草原。

3. 暴雨期间，湿地像巨大的海绵一样储存水分。

4. 湿地仅覆盖地球陆地面积的约6％，却栖息着世界上约40％的动植物。

5. 它们维持地球的健康，让我们的世界变得更美好。

1. An ecosystem includes all the living and non-living things in an area.
2. Ecosystems can be of different sizes, from small ponds to large grasslands.
3. During heavy rains, wetlands store water like giant sponges.
4. Wetlands only cover about 6% of the earth's land area, but they are home to about 40% of the world's plants and animals.
5. They keep the planet healthy and make our world a better place.

【分析】首先明确每句的核心中文语义，对应查找英语核心词汇；再依据英语语法规则（主谓一致、单复数、介词/连词搭配等）调整句式结构，比如泛指一类事物用单数主语、谓语匹配第三人称单数，固定表达（如“像...一样”“是...的家园”）需准确使用，最后组合成符合英语表达习惯的句子，确保与中文意思完全对应。
【解析】1. 主语“生态系统”译为An ecosystem（泛指一类，用单数），谓语“包括”用第三人称单数includes，宾语“所有生物和非生物”为all the living and non-living things，地点状语“在一个区域内”为in an area，组合成句：An ecosystem includes all the living and non-living things in an area.
2. 主语“生态系统”用复数Ecosystems（泛指多个），“大小各异”译为can be of different sizes，“从...到...”用固定搭配from...to...，“小池塘”是small ponds，“大片草原”是large grasslands，组合成句：Ecosystems can be of different sizes, from small ponds to large grasslands.
3. 时间状语“暴雨期间”译为During heavy rains，主语“湿地”是wetlands（复数），谓语“储存”用store，宾语“水分”是water，方式状语“像巨大的海绵一样”为like giant sponges，组合成句：During heavy rains, wetlands store water like giant sponges.
4. 主语“湿地”是Wetlands，谓语“覆盖”用cover，“地球陆地面积”是the earth's land area，“仅约6％”为only about 6%，连词“却”用but，固定表达“是...的家园”为are home to，“世界上约40％的动植物”是about 40% of the world's plants and animals，组合成句：Wetlands only cover about 6% of the earth's land area, but they are home to about 40% of the world's plants and animals.
5. 主语“它们”是They，谓语“维持”用keep，“地球的健康”是the planet healthy，连词“和”用and，“让我们的世界变得更美好”是make our world a better place，组合成句：They keep the planet healthy and make our world a better place.
【答案】1. An ecosystem includes all the living and non-living things in an area.
2. Ecosystems can be of different sizes, from small ponds to large grasslands.
3. During heavy rains, wetlands store water like giant sponges.
4. Wetlands only cover about 6% of the earth's land area, but they are home to about 40% of the world's plants and animals.
5. They keep the planet healthy and make our world a better place.
【知识点】生态词汇翻译；英语主谓一致；固定短语搭配
【点评】本题为基础汉译英练习，聚焦生态相关核心词汇与基础句式，考察学生对常用表达和语法规则的掌握，难度适中，适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】0.5

五、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文完整通顺。
Can you imagine(想象) living on the river for almost thirty years? For Catherine King and Wayne Adams, it is their life.
When they first m 1 in 1987, they found they loved outdoor life and started to build their own dream home in n 2. Now they live in a hand-built island. They built everything with their own h 3. Now there is a main living house, a dance floor and four gardens.
The water they use comes from the r 4. They live on fishing and growing vegetables in their g 5. When the weather is good, Wayne goes out on his b 6 and fishes in the sun. When it gets windy and rainy, he fishes at home. Catching a fish is not h 7.
They open their home to people all over the world d 8 the summer time. “Visitors are so happy with what we are s 9 with them. They leave with big smiles on their faces. It is a great chance to move away from the c 10 and enjoy the beauty of nature closely. We started living here almost thirty years ago and now we can't imagine living any other way,” said Catherine.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. met 2. nature 3. hands 4. rain/river 5. gardens 6. boat 7. hard 8. during 9. sharing 10. city/cities

【分析】
这是一道根据短文内容及首字母提示填词的英语题，解题思路为：1. 通读全文把握主旨（讲述Catherine King和Wayne Adams在河边生活近三十年的故事）；2. 结合上下文语境、时态、固定搭配，联系首字母逐一推断空缺单词；3. 填完后通读检查语句通顺、逻辑合理。
【解析】
1. 句意为“1987年他们第一次见面时”，首字母m，且为过去动作，故填met；
2. 句意为“热爱户外生活，在自然中建梦想家园”，首字母n，故填nature；
3. 固定搭配“with one's own hands”（用自己的双手），首字母h，故填hands；
4. 句意为“用水来自雨/河”，首字母r，故填rain或river；
5. 前文提到“four gardens”，此处指在花园种蔬菜，首字母g，故填gardens；
6. 句意为“Wayne乘船出去钓鱼”，首字母b，故填boat；
7. 句意为“抓鱼并不难”，首字母h，故填hard；
8. 句意为“在夏季期间”，首字母d，故填during；
9. 固定搭配“share with”（分享），前面有are，用现在进行时，故填sharing；
10. 句意为“远离城市”，首字母c，故填city或cities。
【答案】
1. met 2. nature 3. hands 4. rain/river 5. gardens 6. boat 7. hard 8. during 9. sharing 10. city/cities
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、完形填空填词、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查学生对短文语境的理解及基础词汇、固定搭配的掌握，需结合上下文逻辑和首字母推理，是常见的英语基础题型，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

六、完形填空。
As we all know, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. In some places we can't see fish in the river or trees on the hills. Some people even have no clean water to drink.
Recently, a new lifestyle called low carbon(碳) life is every corner of our country. The meanings of low carbon are energy and no waste. It is such an important project that I can't wait my ideas on how to improve it.
First, we should a no-car day every week in our school. Because cars not only cause serious air pollution but also waste energy. the no-car day, neither students teachers are allowed to drive to school. At the same time, just walk or run. Use our and enjoy the fun.
Second, we had better not use plastic bags . No one can stand the "white pollution", it is wise to use cloth bags which can again and again.
, one thing that we should keep in is that every big thing comes from the small details. So, as students, we ought to turn off the lights the moment we leave, and use sides of the paper, and reuse our textbooks and so on.
All in all, it weighs greatly for all of us to put the low carbon lifestyle into . Just set our mind to these: no-car days, no plastic bags, and no waste. Let's do it now.
()1. A. swims B. swimming C. to swim D. swam
()2. A. spreading B. moving C. living D. becoming
()3. A. below B. high C. above D. low
()4. A. to express B. express C. expressing D. expressed
()5. A. set off B. set up C. put on D. put down
()6. A. In B. At C. On D. With
()7. A. nor B. or C. both D. and
()8. A. bikes B. cars C. buses D. legs
()9. A. any more B. no more C. no longer D. never
()10. A. because B. so C. but D. although
()11. A. reused B. be used C. is used D. use
()12. A. Finally B. Final C. Last D. Lately
()13. A. hand B. heart C. head D. mind
()14. A. both B. each C. every D. all
()15. A. effect B. use C. practice D. service

1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. C

【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文把握主旨（本文围绕低碳生活展开），再结合语境、固定搭配、语法规则逐一分析每个空：1. 考查see的固定搭配see sb/sth doing sth；2. 考查动词词义，结合语境“低碳生活在全国传播”选spreading；3. 考查形容词词义，低碳是低能源选low；4. 考查can't wait to do sth固定搭配；5. 考查短语辨析，设立无车日用set up；6. 考查介词，具体某一天用on；7. 考查neither...nor固定搭配；8. 结合前文walk or run，用legs；9. 考查not...any more固定搭配；10. 考查连词，表结果用so；11. 考查被动语态，布包被重复使用，can后接be used；12. 结合前文First、Second，最后用Finally；13. 考查keep in mind固定搭配；14. 纸的两边用both；15. 考查put into practice固定搭配。
【解析】
1. 句意：在一些地方我们看不到鱼在河里游。see sb/sth doing sth是固定搭配，强调动作正在进行，故选B。
2. 句意：一种叫低碳生活的新方式正在全国传播。spreading意为“传播”，符合语境，故选A。
3. 句意：低碳的意思是低能源和无浪费。low意为“低的”，符合低碳的定义，故选D。
4. 句意：我迫不及待表达我关于如何改善它的想法。can't wait to do sth是固定搭配，意为“迫不及待做某事”，故选A。
5. 句意：首先，我们应该在学校每周设立一个无车日。set up意为“设立”，符合语境，故选B。
6. 句意：在无车日那天，学生和老师都不被允许开车去学校。具体某一天前用介词on，故选C。
7. 句意：学生和老师都不被允许开车去学校。neither...nor...是固定搭配，意为“既不...也不...”，故选A。
8. 句意：用我们的腿，享受乐趣。前文提到walk or run，所以用legs，故选D。
9. 句意：其次，我们最好不再使用塑料袋。not...any more是固定搭配，意为“不再”，故选A。
10. 句意：没人能忍受白色污染，所以使用可重复使用的布袋是明智的。so表结果，符合逻辑，故选B。
11. 句意：使用可以被重复使用的布袋。布袋是被使用，用被动语态，can后接be used，故选B。
12. 句意：我们应该记住一件事。结合前文First、Second，此处用Finally表顺序，故选A。
13. 句意：我们应该记住一件事。keep in mind是固定搭配，意为“记住”，故选D。
14. 句意：使用纸的两面。both意为“两者都”，符合纸有两面的语境，故选A。
15. 句意：把低碳生活方式付诸实践对我们所有人都很重要。put...into practice是固定搭配，意为“付诸实践”，故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.A 10.B 11.B 12.A 13.D 14.A 15.C
【知识点】
固定搭配、词义辨析、语法运用
【点评】
本文围绕低碳生活展开，贴近学生生活实际，考查学生对固定搭配、语境理解及基础语法的掌握，是初中常见的完形填空题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6