三、完形填空共10小题,每小题2分,满分20分
企鹅看起来很可爱,可如今它们的生存正面临着严峻的挑战。让我们阅读下文一起来了解一下吧!
Penguins are black and white and we can see them in zoos. It's very 1 to see penguins walk. They walk with short steps, with their body swinging from side to side. The cute penguins in zoos always draw many 2 from different places.
There are many different kinds of penguins. The emperor penguin is the largest, standing up to 1.2 m tall and 3 up to 45 kg. The little blue penguin is the 4. It is only about 30 cm tall and weighs only about 1 kg.
Penguins live in cold environments. Their thick fat and waterproof feathers防水羽毛can keep them warm in 5 temperatures. Penguins can live 15—20 years in the 6. In zoos, they are able to live up to 30 years.
However, penguins are 7 now. One reason is climate气候 change. Other reasons 8 food shortages短缺 and environmental pollution. Because of 9 pollution, penguins become oiled. It makes them unable to swim. To 10 them, many people knit编织 sweaters for them. These sweaters can provide warmth for penguins and stop them from eating the oil.
()1. A. interesting B. boring
C. important D. dangerous
()2. A. neighbours B. owners
C. tourists D. volunteers
()3. A. eating B. selling C. making D. weighing
()4. A. smartest B. highest C. smallest D. heaviest
()5. A. dry B. warm C. normal D. freezing
()6. A. zoo B. park C. wild D. area
()7. A. in time B. in danger C. in fact D. in silence
()8. A. explain B. realize C. control D. include
()9. A. oil B. air C. noise D. light
()10. A. report B. protect C. challenge D. research

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了企鹅的外形
特征、种类、生活习性及生存威胁,并提到人类通过编织毛衣
来保护企鹅的措施。
1.A [解析]考查形容词辨析。句意:看企鹅走路非常有趣。
interesting有趣的;boring无聊的;important重要的;
dangerous危险的。根据下文中的“They walk with short
steps, with their body swinging from side to side.”可知,此
处是对企鹅小碎步行走、摇摇摆摆的可爱形象的描述。故
选A。
2.C [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:动物园里可爱的企鹅总是
吸引着许多来自不同地方的游客。neighbour邻居;owner
主人;tourist游客;volunteer志愿者。动物园里的企鹅吸引
的应是游客,C项符合文意。故选C。
3.D [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:帝企鹅是体型最大的企
鹅,直立高达1.2米,重达45千克。eat吃;sell卖;make制
作;weigh有……重。根据“45 kg”可知,此处指帝企鹅的体
重。故选D。
4.C [解析]考查形容词最高级辨析。句意:小蓝企鹅是体
型最小的企鹅。smartest最聪明的;highest最高的;
smallest最小的;heaviest最重的。根据下文中的“It's only
about 30 cm tall and weighs only about 1 kg.”可知,此处说
明小蓝企鹅体型最小。故选C。
5.D [解析]考查形容词辨析。句意:它们厚实的脂肪和防
水的羽毛能让它们在寒冷的天气里保持温暖。dry干燥
的;warm温暖的;normal正常的;freezing极冷的。根据句
意及常识可知,企鹅生活在寒冷环境,D项符合文意。
故选D。
6.C [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:企鹅在野生环境中可以
活15至20年。zoo动物园;park公园;wild野生状态,自
然环境;area区域。根据下文中的“In zoos, they are able to
live up to 30 years.”可知,此处与动物园形成对比,指在野生
环境中。故选C。
7.B [解析]考查短语辨析。句意:然而,企鹅现在正处于危
险之中。in time及时;in danger处于危险中;in fact事实
上;in silence沉默。根据下文讲述的生存威胁可知,此处指
含有in的常用短语:in a hurry匆忙;in all总共;in a
word总之;in terms of就……而言;in public公开地;in
general总的说来。
企鹅处于危险之中。故选B。
8.D [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:其他原因包括食物短缺
和环境污染。explain解释;realize意识到;control控制;
include包括。下文列举原因,D项符合文意。故选D。
9.A [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:由于石油污染,企鹅身上
沾满了油污。oil石油;air空气;noise噪声;light光。根据
“penguins become oiled”可知,此处指石油污染。故选A。
10.B [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:为了保护它们,许多人
给它们编织毛衣。report报道;protect保护;challenge挑
战;research研究。根据下文中的“These sweaters can
provide warmth for penguins and stop them from eating
the oil.”可知,毛衣起到了保护作用。故选B。

【分析】做完形填空需遵循“先通读全文把握主旨，再逐题结合语境与词汇辨析”的思路：1. 先快速通读文章，明确本文围绕企鹅的特征、种类、生活习性及生存威胁展开，主题清晰；2. 逐题分析时，紧扣上下文语境，结合形容词、名词、动词等的词义辨析，排除不符合语境的选项，比如第1题根据企鹅走路的可爱样子选“有趣的”，第2题根据动物园场景选“游客”，以此类推，确保每道题的选择都有依据。
【解析】
1. 考查形容词辨析。根据下文对企鹅“小碎步行走、身体左右摇摆”的可爱描述，可知此处指看企鹅走路很有趣，故选A（interesting）。
2. 考查名词辨析。动物园里的可爱企鹅会吸引来自各地的游客，neighbour（邻居）、owner（主人）、volunteer（志愿者）均不符合语境，故选C（tourists）。
3. 考查动词辨析。此处描述帝企鹅的体重，weigh表示“有……重”，与“45 kg”对应，故选D（weighing）。
4. 考查形容词最高级辨析。根据下文“仅约30厘米高、重约1千克”可知，小蓝企鹅是体型最小的，故选C（smallest）。
5. 考查形容词辨析。企鹅生活在寒冷环境，freezing表示“极冷的”，符合其生存环境特点，故选D（freezing）。
6. 考查名词辨析。此处与“动物园（zoo）”形成对比，指企鹅在野生环境中的寿命，故选C（wild）。
7. 考查短语辨析。下文提到企鹅面临气候变暖、食物短缺等威胁，说明它们处于危险中，in danger符合文意，故选B（in danger）。
8. 考查动词辨析。其他生存原因包括食物短缺和环境污染，include表示“包括”，符合列举原因的语境，故选D（include）。
9. 考查名词辨析。根据“penguins become oiled（企鹅沾满油污）”可知，此处指石油污染，故选A（oil）。
10. 考查动词辨析。人们给企鹅织毛衣是为了保护它们，protect符合“提供温暖、阻止吃油污”的作用，故选B（protect）。
【答案】A C D C D C B D A B
【知识点】完形填空解题技巧、词汇词义辨析、语境理解
【点评】本文以企鹅为主题，语篇贴近环保主题，既考察学生对词汇的辨析能力，也注重上下文逻辑的理解，难度适中，能帮助学生了解企鹅的生存现状，培养环保意识。
【难度系数】0.6

四、2025·扬州中学文昌教育集团期中改编阅读理解共3小题,每小题5分,满分15分
Libraries usually open in the day and close at night, but Heping Library in Shanghai doesn't. It stays open for 24 hours. About 600 people come to the library from 8:00 p. m. to 8:00 a. m. every day.
30-year-old Wang Jing goes to Heping Library every two days. She says reading at night is like talking to her soul心灵 and she enjoys it.
Gong is a high school student. He often goes to Heping Library at night. The library is very quiet. That helps him focus on集中注意力于 his studies. At first, his parents think it isn't safe to study there so late. But after they visit the library, they find that they are wrong.
The library is not just a place for reading and studying; it also gives help to people in need. Su Xin, a young woman from Hubei, is in Shanghai looking for a job. She stays overnight过夜 in the library. "I can't find a job or a place to stay, so I come here. It is warm here and has nice seats座位," she says.
Wang Zhaowei is a worker at the library. He says, "I'm happy that our library can help out. Everyone is welcome."
()1. How is Heping Library different from others?
A. It is very big. B. It is very modern.
C. It has more visitors. D. It is open for 24 hours.
()2. What does Su Xin's story tell us about Heping Library?
A. It gives people help.
B. It is a good place to study.
C. It lets people talk to their souls.
D. It is a good place to look for a job.
()3. 中考新考法 推断篇章结构 What's the structure结构 of the passage? ①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2...
A. ①②/③④/⑤ B. ①②/③/④⑤
C. ①/②③④/⑤ D. ①/②/③④⑤

【文章大意】本文主要介绍了24小时开放的上海和平书院
对不同人群的影响。
1.D [解析]细节理解题。根据“Libraries usually open in the
day and close at night, but Heping Library in Shanghai
doesn't. It stays open for 24 hours.”可知,和平书院与其他
图书馆的不同之处在于它24小时开放。故选D。
2.A [解析]推理判断题。根据“The library is not just a
place for reading and studying; it also gives help to people
in need. Su Xin, a young woman from Hubei, is in
Shanghai looking for a job. She stays overnight in the
library.”可知,苏昕的故事表明和平书院能给有需要的
人提供帮助。故选A。
3.C [解析]篇章结构题。第一段总体介绍和平书院24小时
开放的特点;第二段和第三段分别讲述了王静和龚在书院
的体验;第四段通过苏昕的例子说明书院能帮助有需要的
人;第五段是工作人员表达对大家的欢迎。所以文章结构
是“总—分—总”。故选C。

【分析】
1. 第1题考查细节理解，需定位原文中和平图书馆与其他图书馆的差异描述，直接匹配选项即可；
2. 第2题考查推理判断，需找到苏欣事例所在段落，结合段落主旨分析其体现的图书馆特点；
3. 第3题考查篇章结构，需逐段分析每段的功能，再对应选项判断文章结构。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第一段“Libraries usually open in the day and close at night, but Heping Library in Shanghai doesn't. It stays open for 24 hours.”可知，和平图书馆与其他图书馆的不同之处在于24小时开放，故选D。
2. 第2题：根据原文第四段“The library is not just a place for reading and studying; it also gives help to people in need. Su Xin... stays overnight in the library”可知，苏欣的故事表明和平图书馆能为有需要的人提供帮助，故选A。
3. 第3题：分析各段落作用：①段总起介绍和平图书馆24小时开放的特点；②③段分别讲述王静、龚在图书馆的体验；④段通过苏欣的例子说明图书馆帮助他人；⑤段是工作人员表达欢迎。因此文章结构为①/②③④/⑤，故选C。
【答案】1.D 2.A 3.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（推理判断）、英语阅读理解（篇章结构）
【点评】本题为初中英语阅读理解题，围绕24小时开放的和平图书馆展开，涵盖三种核心题型，考查学生的信息定位、逻辑推理及篇章分析能力，题目设置贴合考纲要求，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7