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二、在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The man was so busy
2. Jane
3. Bi Sheng is the
4. A
5. His
6. As an
7. She must be very proud of
8. People need a board
9. The book needed
10. The product was
1. The man was so busy
with
his work that he didn't see Jane.2. Jane
suddenly
(sudden) found herself in a different place.3. Bi Sheng is the
inventor
(invent) of movable type.4. A
typist
(type) uses a keyboard to type words.5. His
statement
(state) about printing was very interesting.6. As an
international
(nation) organization, WTO has a long history.7. She must be very proud of
herself
(her) when she won first prize in the game.8. People need a board
to press
(press) the clay characters.9. The book needed
thousands
(thousand) of pieces of type to print.10. The product was
truly
(true) fascinating to Jane.答案
1. with 2. suddenly 3. inventor 4. typist 5. statement 6. international 7. herself 8. to press 9. thousands 10. truly
解析
【分析】
本题考查英语词汇运用，需结合固定搭配、词性转换、固定短语等知识解题：1. 考查固定搭配“be busy with sth”；2. 修饰动词需用副词；3. 定冠词后接表人的名词；4. 不定冠词后接表职业的名词；5. 形容词性物主代词后接名词；6. 修饰名词需用形容词；7. 考查反身代词的固定搭配；8. 不定式作目的状语；9. 考查固定短语“thousands of”；10. 修饰形容词需用副词。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“be busy with sth”意为“忙于某事”，故填with；
2. 此处修饰动词found，需用形容词sudden的副词形式suddenly，故填suddenly；
3. 定冠词the后接名词，此处表示“发明者”，invent的名词形式为inventor，故填inventor；
4. 不定冠词a后接名词，此处表示“打字员”，type的名词形式为typist，故填typist；
5. 形容词性物主代词his后接名词，state的名词形式为statement，意为“陈述”，故填statement；
6. 此处修饰名词organization，需用形容词，nation的形容词形式为international，意为“国际的”，故填international；
7. 固定搭配“be proud of oneself”，主语为she，对应反身代词herself，故填herself；
8. 此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填to press；
9. 固定短语“thousands of”表示“成千上万的”，故填thousands；
10. 此处修饰形容词fascinating，需用形容词true的副词形式truly，故填truly。
【答案】
1. with 2. suddenly 3. inventor 4. typist 5. statement 6. international 7. herself 8. to press 9. thousands 10. truly
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性转换、固定短语
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇运用，涉及固定搭配、词性转换等核心知识点，题型常规，侧重基础能力考查。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题考查英语词汇运用，需结合固定搭配、词性转换、固定短语等知识解题：1. 考查固定搭配“be busy with sth”；2. 修饰动词需用副词；3. 定冠词后接表人的名词；4. 不定冠词后接表职业的名词；5. 形容词性物主代词后接名词；6. 修饰名词需用形容词；7. 考查反身代词的固定搭配；8. 不定式作目的状语；9. 考查固定短语“thousands of”；10. 修饰形容词需用副词。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“be busy with sth”意为“忙于某事”，故填with；
2. 此处修饰动词found，需用形容词sudden的副词形式suddenly，故填suddenly；
3. 定冠词the后接名词，此处表示“发明者”，invent的名词形式为inventor，故填inventor；
4. 不定冠词a后接名词，此处表示“打字员”，type的名词形式为typist，故填typist；
5. 形容词性物主代词his后接名词，state的名词形式为statement，意为“陈述”，故填statement；
6. 此处修饰名词organization，需用形容词，nation的形容词形式为international，意为“国际的”，故填international；
7. 固定搭配“be proud of oneself”，主语为she，对应反身代词herself，故填herself；
8. 此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填to press；
9. 固定短语“thousands of”表示“成千上万的”，故填thousands；
10. 此处修饰形容词fascinating，需用形容词true的副词形式truly，故填truly。
【答案】
1. with 2. suddenly 3. inventor 4. typist 5. statement 6. international 7. herself 8. to press 9. thousands 10. truly
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性转换、固定短语
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇运用，涉及固定搭配、词性转换等核心知识点，题型常规，侧重基础能力考查。
【难度系数】
0.7
三、阅读理解
阅读下面的语言材料，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The compass（指南针）is a really useful invention for exploring and finding directions. It’s small and uses Earth’s magnetic field（磁场）to point to the North Pole. This simple tool helps sailors, travellers, and hikers a lot.
Before the invention of compass, people mainly depended on nature to find directions. At night, they looked up at the stars and used the North Star as a guide. During the day, they decided directions by the position of the sun. However, clouds could easily cover the stars at night, and near the
equator（赤道）, the sun’s position was often unclear. These made sailing quite challenging. The compass changed everything. It let people find directions easily, no matter the time or weather. This made long sea trips possible and helped discover new lands.
Compasses have changed greatly over time. With the development of technology, the design of compasses improved. Early ones had a floating needle（指针）in water. As electronics improves, the compass enters a new era. Now, many are electronic and people can put them into smartphones. Although they have these changes, they still work the same way: to show which way is north.
The compass is used by lots of people, like hikers, geologists（地质学家）, and the army. It’s important for outdoor activities. It’s a great example of how a simple idea can change history.
1. What challenge did people face when they depended on nature to find directions?
A. They could not travel at cloudy nights.
B. They could not see the sun in the daytime.
C. They had to use a guide near the equator.
D. They had to depend on the North Star only.
2. Which of the following characteristics belongs to the compass?
① use the magnetic field ② point at the South Pole ③ hard to use
④ have a needle
A. ①② B. ③④ C. ①④ D. ②③
3. How have compasses changed over time?
A. They have become larger and larger.
B. Their design has been improved with technology.
C. They don’t point to the north any longer.
D. They all become electronic now.
4. What can be inferred about the present use of compasses?
A. They are outdated and not used anymore.
B. They are still valuable in different fields.
C. Only hikers and sailors use them now.
D. Digital maps already replace them all.
阅读下面的语言材料，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The compass（指南针）is a really useful invention for exploring and finding directions. It’s small and uses Earth’s magnetic field（磁场）to point to the North Pole. This simple tool helps sailors, travellers, and hikers a lot.
Before the invention of compass, people mainly depended on nature to find directions. At night, they looked up at the stars and used the North Star as a guide. During the day, they decided directions by the position of the sun. However, clouds could easily cover the stars at night, and near the
equator（赤道）, the sun’s position was often unclear. These made sailing quite challenging. The compass changed everything. It let people find directions easily, no matter the time or weather. This made long sea trips possible and helped discover new lands.
Compasses have changed greatly over time. With the development of technology, the design of compasses improved. Early ones had a floating needle（指针）in water. As electronics improves, the compass enters a new era. Now, many are electronic and people can put them into smartphones. Although they have these changes, they still work the same way: to show which way is north.
The compass is used by lots of people, like hikers, geologists（地质学家）, and the army. It’s important for outdoor activities. It’s a great example of how a simple idea can change history.
1. What challenge did people face when they depended on nature to find directions?
A. They could not travel at cloudy nights.
B. They could not see the sun in the daytime.
C. They had to use a guide near the equator.
D. They had to depend on the North Star only.
2. Which of the following characteristics belongs to the compass?
① use the magnetic field ② point at the South Pole ③ hard to use
④ have a needle
A. ①② B. ③④ C. ①④ D. ②③
3. How have compasses changed over time?
A. They have become larger and larger.
B. Their design has been improved with technology.
C. They don’t point to the north any longer.
D. They all become electronic now.
4. What can be inferred about the present use of compasses?
A. They are outdated and not used anymore.
B. They are still valuable in different fields.
C. Only hikers and sailors use them now.
D. Digital maps already replace them all.
答案
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B
解析
【分析】
做这类英语阅读理解题，需先通读原文把握主旨，再针对每个题目，带着关键词回到原文定位对应段落，仔细对比选项与原文内容，排除与原文不符的选项，选出最符合题意的答案。本题4道题均为细节理解题，精准定位原文细节信息即可解题。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“However, clouds could easily cover the stars at night, and near the equator, the sun’s position was often unclear. These made sailing quite challenging.”可知，夜晚多云时星星会被云层遮挡，这是依赖自然找方向面临的挑战，对应选项A。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“It’s small and uses Earth’s magnetic field to point to the North Pole.”及第三段“Early ones had a floating needle in water.”可知，指南针的特点是使用地球磁场、有指针，①④正确，对应选项C。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段“With the development of technology, the design of compasses improved.”可知，随着技术发展，指南针的设计得到改进，对应选项B。
4. 推理判断题：根据原文最后一段“The compass is used by lots of people, like hikers, geologists, and the army. It’s important for outdoor activities.”可推断，指南针在不同领域仍有价值，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息查找、说明文阅读
【点评】
本文是一篇介绍指南针的英语说明文，题目以细节理解题为主，难度适中，主要考查学生快速定位原文信息、对比分析选项的能力，只要认真阅读原文，就能准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类英语阅读理解题，需先通读原文把握主旨，再针对每个题目，带着关键词回到原文定位对应段落，仔细对比选项与原文内容，排除与原文不符的选项，选出最符合题意的答案。本题4道题均为细节理解题，精准定位原文细节信息即可解题。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“However, clouds could easily cover the stars at night, and near the equator, the sun’s position was often unclear. These made sailing quite challenging.”可知，夜晚多云时星星会被云层遮挡，这是依赖自然找方向面临的挑战，对应选项A。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“It’s small and uses Earth’s magnetic field to point to the North Pole.”及第三段“Early ones had a floating needle in water.”可知，指南针的特点是使用地球磁场、有指针，①④正确，对应选项C。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段“With the development of technology, the design of compasses improved.”可知，随着技术发展，指南针的设计得到改进，对应选项B。
4. 推理判断题：根据原文最后一段“The compass is used by lots of people, like hikers, geologists, and the army. It’s important for outdoor activities.”可推断，指南针在不同领域仍有价值，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息查找、说明文阅读
【点评】
本文是一篇介绍指南针的英语说明文，题目以细节理解题为主，难度适中，主要考查学生快速定位原文信息、对比分析选项的能力，只要认真阅读原文，就能准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
