2025年学霸题中题八年级数学下册苏科版第90页答案
7.(2024·恩施州模拟)为了练习分式的化简,张老师让同学们在分式$\frac{a^{2}}{a - 2}$和$\frac{4a - 4}{2 - a}$中间加上“+”“-”“×”“÷”四个运算符号中的任意一个后进行化简,若化简的结果为$a - 2$,则所加的运算符号为 ( )
A. +
B. -
C. ×
D. ÷

答案

A
8. 填空:
(1)$(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}) \div (\frac{1}{a^{2}} - \frac{1}{b^{2}}) \cdot ab$ = ________.
(2)$(\text{________} - \frac{3}{a - 1}) \cdot \frac{2a - 2}{a + 2} = 2a - 4$.

答案

(1) $\frac{a^{2}b^{2}}{b - a}$ (2) $a + 1$
9. 一块麦田有$a$公顷,甲收割机单独收割完这块麦田用$b$小时,乙收割机单独收割完这块麦田比甲收割机多用1小时,这两台收割机同时收割这块麦田需要________小时完成.

答案

$\frac{b(b + 1)}{2b + 1}$ 解析:由题意,得$a \div (\frac{a}{b} + \frac{a}{b + 1}) = a \div [\frac{a(b + 1)+ab}{b(b + 1)}] = a \cdot \frac{b(b + 1)}{a(2b + 1)} = \frac{b(b + 1)}{2b + 1}$,即两台收割机同时收割这块麦田需要$\frac{b(b + 1)}{2b + 1}$小时完成.
10.(2024·眉山中考)已知$a_{1} = x + 1(x \neq 0$且$x \neq - 1)$,$a_{2} = \frac{1}{1 - a_{1}}$,$a_{3} = \frac{1}{1 - a_{2}}$,$\cdots$,$a_{n} = \frac{1}{1 - a_{n - 1}}$,则$a_{2024}$的值为________.

答案

$-\frac{1}{x}$ 解析:$\because a_{1}=x + 1$,$\therefore a_{2}=\frac{1}{1 - a_{1}} = \frac{1}{1-(x + 1)} = -\frac{1}{x}$,$\therefore a_{3}=\frac{1}{1 - a_{2}} = \frac{1}{1 - (-\frac{1}{x})} = \frac{x}{x + 1}$,$\therefore a_{4}=\frac{1}{1 - a_{3}} = \frac{1}{1 - \frac{x}{x + 1}} = x + 1$,$\therefore a_{5}=-\frac{1}{x}$,$a_{6}=\frac{x}{x + 1}$,$\cdots$,由上可得,每三个为一个循环.$\because 2024 = 674\times3 + 2$,$\therefore a_{2024}=-\frac{1}{x}$.
11.(1)先化简,再求值:$(\frac{x + 2}{x^{2} - 2x} - \frac{x - 1}{x^{2} - 4x + 4}) \div \frac{x - 4}{x}$,其中$x$满足$(x - 1)(x - 3) = 1$.
(2)(梧州中考)解不等式组$\begin{cases}3x - 6 \leq x, \\ \frac{4x + 5}{10} < \frac{x + 1}{2} \end{cases}$并求出它的整数解,再化简代数式$\frac{x + 3}{x^{2} - 2x + 1} \cdot (\frac{x}{x + 3} - \frac{x - 3}{x^{2} - 9})$,从上述整数解中选择一个合适的数,求此代数式的值.

答案

(1) $(\frac{x + 2}{x^{2}-2x} - \frac{x - 1}{x^{2}-4x + 4}) \div \frac{x - 4}{x} = [\frac{x + 2}{x(x - 2)} - \frac{x - 1}{(x - 2)^{2}}] \div \frac{x - 4}{x}$
=$\frac{(x + 2)(x - 2)-x(x - 1)}{x(x - 2)^{2}} \div \frac{x - 4}{x} = \frac{x - 4}{x(x - 2)^{2}} \times \frac{x}{x - 4} = \frac{1}{(x - 2)^{2}}$.$\because (x - 1)(x - 3)=1$,$\therefore x^{2}-4x=-2$,$\therefore$原式=$\frac{1}{(x - 2)^{2}} = \frac{1}{x^{2}-4x + 4} = \frac{1}{-2 + 4} = \frac{1}{2}$.
(2) 解不等式$3x - 6\leqslant x$,得$x\leqslant3$,解不等式$\frac{4x + 5}{10} \lt \frac{x + 1}{2}$,得$x\gt0$,则不等式组的解集为$0\lt x\leqslant3$,$\therefore$不等式组的整数解为$1$,$2$,$3$. 原式=$\frac{x + 3}{(x - 1)^{2}} \cdot [\frac{x^{2}-3x}{(x + 3)(x - 3)} - \frac{x - 3}{(x + 3)(x - 3)}] = \frac{x + 3}{(x - 1)^{2}} \cdot \frac{(x - 1)(x - 3)}{(x + 3)(x - 3)} = \frac{1}{x - 1}$.$\because x\neq\pm3$和$1$,$\therefore x = 2$,则原式 = 1.
12. 已知$M = (1 + \frac{1}{x - 1}) \div \frac{1}{x^{2} - 1} - (x - 1)$,$N = (\frac{3x}{x + 1} - \frac{x}{x + 1}) \cdot \frac{x^{2} - 1}{x} + 2$,且$x \neq \pm 1,0$. 小刚和小军在对上述式子进行化简后,小刚说不论$x(x \neq \pm 1,0)$取何值,$M$的值都比$N$的值大;小军说不论$x(x \neq \pm 1,0)$取何值,$N$的值都比$M$的值大. 请你判断他们谁的结论正确,并说明理由.

答案

小刚的结论正确,理由:$\because M=\frac{x - 1 + 1}{x - 1} \cdot (x - 1)(x + 1)-(x - 1)=x(x + 1)-(x - 1)=x^{2}+1$,$N=\frac{3x - x}{x + 1} \cdot \frac{(x - 1)(x + 1)}{x}+2 = 2(x - 1)+2 = 2x$,$\therefore M - N=x^{2}+1 - 2x=(x - 1)^{2}$. 又$x\neq1$,$\therefore M - N\gt0$,即$M\gt N$,$\therefore$小刚的结论正确,即不论$x(x\neq\pm1,0)$取何值,$M$的值都比$N$的值大.