2025年学霸题中题八年级数学下册苏科版第44页答案
1.(十堰中考)矩形具有而平行四边形不一定具有的性质是 ( )
A. 对边相等
B. 对角相等
C. 对角线相等
D. 对角线互相平分

答案

C
2.(2024·甘肃中考)如图,在矩形ABCD中,对角线AC、BD相交于点O,∠ABD = 60°,AB = 2,则AC的长为 ( )
A. 6
B. 5
C. 4
D. 3
  第2题

答案

C
3.(2024·青岛期中)如图,在矩形ABCD中,对角线AC、BD相交于点O,AE⊥BD于点E,若∠DAE:∠BAE = 3:1,则∠EAC为 ( )
A. 22.5°
B. 30°
C. 45°
D. 35°
  第3题

答案

C
4.(2023·台州中考改编)如图,矩形ABCD中,AB = 2,AD = 3.在边AD上取一点E,使BE = BC,过点C作CF⊥BE,垂足为点F,则BF的长为________.
 第4题

答案

$\sqrt{5}$
5.(2024·无锡期中)如图,延长矩形ABCD的边BC至点E,使CE = BD,连接AE,若∠DBC = 40°,则∠E =________°.
  第5题

答案

20
6. 如图,矩形ABCD的对角线AC、BD相交于点O,点F是DC边上的一个动点.
(1)若AO = AD,求证:△ADO是等边三角形;
(2)在(1)的条件下,若∠DCO = 2∠CAF,求∠AFO的度数.
              XA

答案

(1)在矩形ABCD中.∵$AC = BD$,$AO = \frac{1}{2}AC$,$DO = \frac{1}{2}BD$,∴$AO = DO$.
又∵$AO = AD$,∴$AO = DO = AD$,∴$\triangle ADO$是等边三角形.
(2)由(1)得,$\triangle ADO$是等边三角形,∴$\angle DAO = 60^{\circ}$,$DO = AD$.在矩形ABCD中.∵$\angle ADC = 90^{\circ}$,$OD = OC$,∴$\angle DCO = \angle ODC = 30^{\circ}$.
∵$\angle DCO = 2\angle CAF$,∴$\angle CAF = 15^{\circ}$,∴$\angle DAF = \angle DAO - \angle CAF = 45^{\circ}$.
∴$\angle AFD = 45^{\circ}$,∴$AD = DO = DF$,∴$\angle DFO = \frac{1}{2}\times(180^{\circ} - 30^{\circ}) = 75^{\circ}$,
∴$\angle AFO = \angle DFO - \angle AFD = 30^{\circ}$.
7.(2023·西藏中考)如图,矩形ABCD中,AC和BD相交于点O,AD = 3,AB = 4,点E是CD边上一点,过点E作EH⊥BD于点H,EG⊥AC于点G,则EH + EG的值是 ( )
A. 2.4
B. 2.5
C. 3
D. 4
    第7题

答案

A 解析:连接OE.∵四边形ABCD是矩形,$AD = 3$,$AB = 4$,∴$OC = \frac{1}{2}AC = \frac{1}{2}BD = DO$,$AD = BC = 3$,$CD = AB = 4$,$\angle ABC = 90^{\circ}$,∴$S_{\triangle DOC} = \frac{1}{4}S_{矩形ABCD} = \frac{1}{4}\times3\times4 = 3$,$BD = AC = \sqrt{AB^{2} + BC^{2}} = \sqrt{4^{2} + 3^{2}} = 5$,即$OC = \frac{5}{2}$.∵$EH\perp BD$,$EG\perp AC$,∴$S_{\triangle DOE} = \frac{1}{2}DO\cdot EH$,$S_{\triangle EOC} = \frac{1}{2}OC\cdot EG$.∵$DO = OC$,$S_{\triangle DOC} = S_{\triangle DOE} + S_{\triangle EOC}$,∴$S_{\triangle DOC} = \frac{1}{2}OC\times(EH + EG)$,∴$\frac{1}{2}\times\frac{5}{2}\times(EH + EG) = 3$,∴$EH + EG = \frac{12}{5} = 2.4$.故选A.
8. 如图,在矩形ABCD中,AB = 1,∠CBD = 14°,将矩形ABCD绕对角线BD的中点O旋转角度α(0°<α<90°)得到矩形A'B'C'D',当C'、D的距离等于1时,α等于 ( )
A. 28°
B. 42°
C. 48°
D. 56°
    第8题

答案


D 解析:如图,连接$OC'$、$C'D$、$AC$.

∵四边形ABCD是矩形,∴$AC = BD$,$OC = \frac{1}{2}AC$,$OB = OD = \frac{1}{2}BD$,
∴$OB = OC = OD = OC'$,∴$\angle OCB = \angle OBC$,∴$\angle DOC = \angle OBC + \angle OCB = 2\angle CBD = 28^{\circ}$.∵$C'$、D的距离等于1,$AB = 1 = CD$,∴$CD = C'D$,∴$\triangle DOC\cong\triangle DOC'(SSS)$,∴$\angle DOC = \angle DOC'$,∴$\angle C'OC = 2\angle DOC = 56^{\circ}$,∴$\alpha = 56^{\circ}$.故选D.