1.(2024·江阴期中)如图,在矩形ABCD中,AB = 4,AD = 3,点E是AC的中点,点F是直线AB上一点,将△AEF沿EF所在的直线翻折,点A的对称点为A',当A'E//AD时,则AF的长为( )

A. $\frac{4}{5}$或5
B. $\frac{5}{4}$或$\frac{4}{5}$
C. 1或$\frac{4}{5}$
D. 5或$\frac{5}{4}$
A. $\frac{4}{5}$或5
B. $\frac{5}{4}$或$\frac{4}{5}$
C. 1或$\frac{4}{5}$
D. 5或$\frac{5}{4}$
答案
D 解析:如图①,当A'E在AC的上方时,连接BD,则BD过AC的中点E,A'E交AB于点G.∵四边形ABCD是矩形,∴∠ABC = ∠BAD = 90°,BC = AD = 3,AE = $\frac{1}{2}$AC = $\frac{1}{2}$BD = BE,∴AC = $\sqrt{BC^{2}+AB^{2}}$ = 5,∴AE = $\frac{1}{2}$AC = $\frac{5}{2}$,由折叠可得A'E = AE = $\frac{5}{2}$,A'F = AF.∵A'E//AD,∴∠EGB = ∠DAB = ∠A'GF = 90°,∴EG⊥AB.∵EA = EB,∴AG = $\frac{1}{2}$AB = 2,∴GE = $\sqrt{AE^{2}-AG^{2}}$ = $\frac{3}{2}$,FG = AG - AF = 2 - AF,∴A'G = A'E - EG = $\frac{5}{2}$ - $\frac{3}{2}$ = 1.∵∠A'GF = 90°,∴A'F² = A'G² + FG²,即AF² = 1² + (2 - AF)²,解得AF = $\frac{5}{4}$.
如图②,当A'E在AC的下方时,连接BD,则BD过AC的中点E,A'E的延长线交AB于点G,同理可得A'E = AE = $\frac{5}{2}$,∠A'GF = 90°,GE = $\frac{3}{2}$,FG = AF - AG = AF - 2,A'G = A'E + EG = $\frac{5}{2}$ + $\frac{3}{2}$ = 4,A'F = AF,∴A'F² = A'G² + FG²,即AF² = 4² + (AF - 2)²,解得AF = 5.综上,AF的长为5或$\frac{5}{4}$.故选D.
2.(2024·宜兴期中)如图①,已知矩形纸片ABCD,AB = 4,AD = 7,将纸片进行如下操作:将纸片沿折痕BF进行折叠,使点A落在BC边上的点E处,点F在AD上(如图②),则DF = ________;然后将△FBE绕点F旋转到△FMN,当MN过点C时旋转停止(如图③),则EN = ________.

答案
3 $\frac{24}{5}$ 解析:∵四边形ABCD是矩形,∴∠A = ∠ABC = 90°,AB = CD = 4,AD = BC = 7.∵将纸片沿折痕BF进行折叠,使点A落在BC边上的点E处,点F在AD上,∴AB = BE,∠BEF = 90°,∴四边形ABEF是矩形,∠CEF = 180° - 90° = 90°.∵AB = BE,∴四边形ABEF是正方形,∴AB = BE = EF = AF = 4,∴DF = AD - AF = 3,CE = BC - BE = 3.如图所示,连接CF,∴CF = $\sqrt{CE^{2}+EF^{2}}$ = $\sqrt{3^{2}+4^{2}}$ = 5.∵将△FBE绕点F旋转到△FMN,∴∠BEF = ∠CNF = 90°,EF = NF = 4.∵CF = CF,∴Rt△ECF≌Rt△NCF(HL),∴CN = CE = 3,∴点C在EN的垂直平分线上,点F在EN的垂直平分线上,∴CF⊥EN,∴S_{四边形ECNF} = $\frac{1}{2}$×EN×CF = 2S_{△ECF} = 2×$\frac{1}{2}$×4×3 = 12,即$\frac{1}{2}$×5×EN = 12,∴EN = $\frac{24}{5}$.
3.(2024·淮安期中)如图,在正方形ABCD中,E为BC边上一动点(点E、B不重合),△AEP是等腰直角三角形,∠AEP = 90°,连接DP. 若AB = 1,则△ADP周长的最小值为( )

A. 3
B. $\sqrt{5}$
C. $\sqrt{5}$ + 1
D. $\sqrt{7}$ + 1
A. 3
B. $\sqrt{5}$
C. $\sqrt{5}$ + 1
D. $\sqrt{7}$ + 1
答案
C 解析:如图所示,在AB上取一点G使得BG = BE,连接EG、CP,
∵四边形ABCD是正方形,∴AB = BC = AD = CD = 1,∠B = ∠BCD = 90°.∵∠AEP = 90°,∴∠BAE + ∠BEA = 90° = ∠BEA + ∠CEP,∴∠GAE = ∠CEP.∵BG = BE,∴∠BGE = ∠BEG = 45°,∴∠AGE = 135°.∵AB - BG = BC - BE,∴AG = EC.又∵AE = EP,∴△AGE≌△ECP(SAS),∴∠ECP = ∠AGE = 135°,∴∠DCP = 45°,∴点P在直线CP上运动,如图所示,作点D关于直线CP的对称点F,连接CF、AF、PF,∴DP = FP,CF = CD = 1,∠DCP = ∠FCP = 45°,即∠DCF = 90°,∴∠DCF + ∠BCD = 180°,即B、C、F三点共线.∵△ADP的周长 = AD + DP + AP = 1 + DP + AP = AP + PF + 1,∴当A、P、F三点共线时,△ADP的周长有最小值,最小值为AF + 1,在Rt△ABF中,由勾股定理得AF = $\sqrt{AB^{2}+BF^{2}}$ = $\sqrt{1^{2}+(1 + 1)^{2}}$ = $\sqrt{5}$,∴△ADP的周长最小值为$\sqrt{5}$ + 1.故选C.
4.(2024·南京期中)如图,平面直角坐标系中,A(8,0),点P为线段OA上任意一点,在直线y = $\frac{3}{4}$x上取点E,使PO = PE,F为射线PE上一点,使PA = PF,连接AF,分别取OE、AF的中点M、N,则①∠MPN = ________;②线段MN的最小值是________.

答案
①90° 解析:连接PM,PN,设AF与直线y = $\frac{3}{4}$x交于点J,连接PJ,如图.
∵OP = PE,M为OE的中点,∴PM⊥OE,∠OPM = ∠EPM.∵PA = PF,N为AF的中点,∴PN⊥AF,∠FPN = ∠NPA,∴∠MPN = ∠EPM + ∠FPN = $\frac{1}{2}$(∠OPF + ∠FPA) = $\frac{1}{2}$×180° = 90°.
②$\frac{96}{25}$ 解析:∵∠PMJ = ∠PNJ = ∠MPN = 90°,∴四边形PMJN为矩形,∴AF⊥OJ,∴MN = PJ,∴当PJ⊥OA时,PJ的值最小,此时MN的值也最小.根据题意,点J在直线y = $\frac{3}{4}$x上,设J(4a,3a),则OJ = $\sqrt{(4a)^{2}+(3a)^{2}}$ = 5a.∵A(8,0),∴AJ² = (8 - 4a)² + (3a)² = 25a² - 64a + 64.在Rt△AJO中,OA² = AJ² + OJ²,即64 = 25a² - 64a + 64 + 25a²,整理可得50a² - 64a = 0,∵a≠0,∴50a - 64 = 0,解得a = $\frac{32}{25}$,∴J的纵坐标为$\frac{96}{25}$,当PJ⊥OA时,PJ的值最小,最小值为$\frac{96}{25}$,即MN的最小值为$\frac{96}{25}$.
5.(2024·无锡期中)如图,矩形ABCD中,O为AC中点,过点O的直线分别与AB、CD交于点E、F,连接BF,交AC于点M,连接DE、BO. 若BO = BC,OM = CM,则下列结论中:①△OBC为等边三角形;②AE = CF;③四边形BFDE是菱形;④BE = 2AE. 正确结论的个数是( )

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
答案
D 解析:∵BO = BC,OM = CM,∴BF是OC的垂直平分线,∴CF = OF.∵BF = BF,∴△BOF≌△BCF(SSS),∴∠BOF = ∠BCF = 90°,∠CBF = ∠OBF,∴∠BOE = ∠BOF = 90°.∵CD//AB,∴∠CAB = ∠ACD.∵点O是AC的中点,∴AO = CO.∵∠AOE = ∠COF,∴△AOE≌△COF(ASA),∴OE = OF,AE = CF,故②正确;∵OE = OF,OB = OB,∠BOE = ∠BOF = 90°,∴△BOE≌△BOF(SAS),∴∠OBE = ∠OBF,BF = BE,∴∠OBE = ∠OBF = ∠CBF = 30°,∴∠OBC = 60°,∴△OBC是等边三角形,故①正确;∵AE = CF,∴DF = BE,∴四边形BFDE是平行四边形.∵BF = BE,∴四边形BFDE是菱形,故③正确;∵∠CBF = 30°,∠BCF = 90°,∴BF = 2CF.∵AE = CF,BF = BE,∴BE = 2AE,故④正确.综上所述,正确的有①②③④,共4个.故选D.
6.(2024·苏州期中)如图,在Rt△ABC中,AC = BC,∠C = 90°,点D为AB边的中点,∠EDF = 90°,将∠EDF绕D旋转,它的两边分别交AC、CB所在直线于点E、F. 有以下4个结论:①CE = BF;②∠DEC + ∠DBF = 180°;③EF² = 2DE²;④当点E、F落在AC、CB的延长线上时,$S_{\triangle DEF}-S_{\triangle CEF}=\frac{1}{2}S_{\triangle ABC}$. 在旋转过程中,上述结论一定成立的有( )

A. 1个
B. 2个
C. 3个
D. 4个
A. 1个
B. 2个
C. 3个
D. 4个
答案
C 解析:如图①,连接DC.∵AC = BC,∠ACB = 90°,点D为AB边的中点,∴∠B = 45°,∠DCE = $\frac{1}{2}$∠ACB = 45°,CD⊥AB,CD = $\frac{1}{2}$AB = BD,∴∠DCE = ∠B,∠CDB = 90°.∵∠EDF = 90°,∴∠CDE = ∠BDF.在△CDE和△BDF中,$\begin{cases}∠CDE = ∠BDF \\ CD = BD \\ ∠DCE = ∠B\end{cases}$,∴△CDE≌△BDF(ASA),∴CE = BF,故①正确;∵△CDE≌△BDF,∴∠BFD = ∠DEC,DF = DE,∴∠BFD + ∠DFC = 180° = ∠DEC + ∠DFC ≠ ∠DEC + ∠DBF,故②错误;∵∠EDF = 90°,由△CDE≌△BDF知DE = DF,∴EF² = DE² + DF² = 2DE²,故③正确;如图②,连接CD,同理可证△DEC≌△DFB,∠DCE = ∠DBF = 135°.∵S_{△DEF} = S_{五边形DBFEC} = S_{△CFE} + S_{△DBC} = S_{△CFE} + $\frac{1}{2}$S_{△ABC},∴S_{△DEF} - S_{△CEF} = $\frac{1}{2}$S_{△ABC},故④正确.故选C.
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