四、综合填空
In order to reduce the stress on the students, Nanjing No.1 High School 1. (create) a “mark bank” recently. The bank lets students borrow marks if they cannot pass exams, and then repay them in later tests.
Here's 2. it works. Marks can 3. (borrow) from the “mark bank” by students who fail an exam. But, just like real banks, it requires “clients (客户)” to pay back the loan (贷款) on time, with interest (利息). So students have to pay for the loan by 4. (get) extra marks in future exams. The school treats these students with enough 5. (patient) and allows the students to repay the bank by doing lab experiments (实验) or giving public 6. (speak). Students who don't pay back their loans are blacklisted by the bank.
“I was sick before the midterm exams and missed several Geography classes,” one student said. “I failed the exam and was 7. low spirits for days, but luckily, the ‘mark bank’ gave me a chance to make up for it.”
8. many people think the “mark bank” is a great idea, not everyone supports it. Education expert Xiong Bingqi has 9. (late) pointed out that the “mark bank” is not wise, though it takes stress off the students. Others think that such an idea just causes students 10. (be) lazier in their studies.

1. has created 2. how 3. be borrowed 4. getting 5. patience
6. speeches 7. in 8. Although/Though 9. lately
10. to be

【分析】
本题为英语语法填空题，围绕南京一中设立“分数银行”的话题展开，需结合语境、时态、语态、非谓语动词、固定搭配、连词等语法知识逐个解题。解题思路：先通读全文理解大意，再针对每个空分析语法要求与语境逻辑，确定正确形式。
【解析】
1. 句中时间状语recently（最近）是现在完成时的标志，主语为单数，故填has created；
2. 此处引导表语从句，表“如何运作”，用how；
3. marks与borrow是被动关系，情态动词can后接被动语态，故填be borrowed；
4. by是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填getting；
5. enough修饰名词，patient的名词形式为patience（耐心），故填patience；
6. give public speeches是固定搭配，意为“做公开演讲”，speech为可数名词，此处用复数，故填speeches；
7. in low spirits是固定短语，意为“情绪低落”，故填in；
8. 前后句为让步关系，“虽很多人认为是好主意，但并非所有人支持”，故填Although/Though；
9. 此处需副词修饰动词pointed out，late的副词形式为lately（近来），故填lately；
10. cause sb to do sth是固定搭配，意为“导致某人做某事”，故填to be。
【答案】
1. has created 2. how 3. be borrowed 4. getting 5. patience 6. speeches 7. in 8. Although/Though 9. lately 10. to be
【知识点】
现在完成时、被动语态、非谓语动词
【点评】
本题围绕“分数银行”话题，考查基础语法知识，需结合语境与语法规则解题，注重对常见考点的应用，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、完形填空
Teenagers have always been known to do , even dangerous things. This was once thought to lie in the "foolishness of youth". Now, scientists have studied the development of the brain (脑) in more detail.
Recently, scientists have discovered that only during teenage years do our brains truly "grow up". During this stage, teenagers great changes, but the still-developing brains can control impulses (冲动) while following rules. This leads to teenagers' uncertain behaviour.
Studies show that teens are more likely to take risks and behave in extreme (极端的) ways. Luckily, the news isn't all . As brain scientist B. J. Casey points out, the teen brain such behaviour in order to help teens prepare for adult life.
One reason is that it changes how teens see risks and rewards (回报). Researchers find that when teens think about rewards, their brains create more happiness. So rewards seem more important than risks, and teens feel the of new experiences more strongly.
Research also shows that it makes ______ relationships seem especially rewarding. As such, teens have a strong need to meet new people. Scientists suggest this is because as teens, they begin to realize their friends may one day make great achievements. Therefore, the brain ______ social activities with more fun, pushing teens to make more friends for future success.
Unluckily, this search for greater rewards can sometimes lead teens to make terrible and take dangerous risks. , it also means that teens are more likely, and less afraid, to try new things and live their own lives successfully.
() 1. A. serious B. silly C. worried D. strict
() 2. A. go through B. look for C. turn down D. give up
() 3. A. differently B. easily C. quickly D. hardly
() 4. A. successful B. wonderful C. negative D. positive
() 5. A. encourages B. prevents C. stops D. considers
() 6. A. fear B. worry C. excitement D. sadness
() 7. A. strange B. social C. unusual D. common
() 8. A. connects B. divides C. separates D. breaks
() 9. A. results B. orders C. progress D. decisions
()10. A. Therefore B. Besides C. However D. Instead

1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.C

【分析】
这是一篇关于青少年大脑发育的完形填空，解题核心是结合上下文语境、词义辨析及固定搭配选择答案。先通读全文把握主旨：青少年的冒险行为源于大脑发育特点，兼具利弊。逐题需根据前后文逻辑、词汇含义及常用搭配判断选项，比如第1题对应前文“foolishness of youth”选silly，第2题用固定搭配go through great changes等。
【解析】
1. 考查形容词辨析。根据后文“foolishness of youth”（年轻时的愚蠢），可知青少年做的是愚蠢的事，silly（愚蠢的）符合语境，选B。
2. 考查动词短语辨析。go through great changes是固定搭配，意为“经历巨大变化”，符合青少年阶段的特点，选A。
3. 考查副词辨析。根据“still-developing brains”（仍在发育的大脑），可知几乎不能控制冲动，hardly（几乎不）符合逻辑，选D。
4. 考查形容词辨析。前文提到青少年冒险，后文转折说明有好处，因此此处指“不全是负面的”，negative（负面的）符合，选C。
5. 考查动词辨析。大脑鼓励这种冒险行为是为了帮青少年准备成年生活，encourages（鼓励）符合语境，选A。
6. 考查名词辨析。新体验带来的是兴奋感，excitement（兴奋）符合，选C。
7. 考查形容词辨析。后文提到“meet new people”，对应社交关系，social（社交的）符合，选B。
8. 考查动词辨析。connect...with...是固定搭配，意为“把……和……联系起来”，此处指大脑将社交活动与乐趣关联，选A。
9. 考查名词辨析。make decisions是固定搭配，意为“做决定”，结合语境指做糟糕的决定，选D。
10. 考查副词辨析。前文说冒险的坏处，后文说好处，是转折关系，However（然而）符合逻辑，选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.C
【知识点】
完形填空词义辨析、语境理解、固定搭配
【点评】
本文围绕青少年大脑发育的特点展开，考查学生对词汇、上下文逻辑及固定搭配的掌握，是典型的完形填空练习题，需结合语境分析选项。
【难度系数】
0.6