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Traditional architecture:ancient craftsmanship
In recent years,the intangible cultural heritage has become popular across the Internet. Among them,traditional architecture construction techniques stand out,representing a unique part of our long-standing history.
The traditional Chinese architecture mainly uses a wooden-frame system,with soil,wood, bricks,tiles,and stones as the main building materials. The construction process has various specialized tasks,like the big-wood work,small-wood work and tile work. Big-wood work is the most important,leading the whole construction.
One of the key features of traditional architecture is the mortise-and-tenon joint. This amazing technique allows wooden components to connect without other auxiliary parts. It not only makes the building stable but also gives it flexibility,which is especially useful during earthquakes. The mortise-and-tenon joint can be traced back to the Hemudu Cultural Site about 7,000 years ago.
There are two main forms of traditional wooden-structure systems:the post-and-lintel system and the through-column system. The post-and-lintel system is common in large-scale buildings like palaces and temples in northern China. It has a large space inside but needs more materials. The through-column system,popular in southern China's folk houses,uses fewer materials but has some limits in space division.
These traditional construction techniques have been passed down from generation to generation mainly through oral and practical teaching between masters and apprentices. They are not only about building houses but also carry rich cultural meanings.
Nowadays,with the development of modern society,traditional architecture construction techniques are facing challenges. However,efforts are being made to preserve and inherit them,because they are important parts of our cultural heritage.
Task 1:Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)
(
A. Because it makes the building more colourful.
B. Because it can make the building float during an earthquake.
C. Because it is the only technique used in traditional architecture.
D. Because it allows wooden components to combine firmly without extra parts.
(
A. Steel,glass and plastic.
B. Wood,bricks,tiles,stones and soil.
C. Cement,metal and fabric.
D. Only wood and stone.
(
A. In modern skyscrapers.
B. In large-scale buildings.
C. In southern China's folk houses.
D. In small-scale private houses all over China.
(
A. Through writing them in textbooks for students to study.
B. Through the oral and practical instruction from masters to apprentices.
C. Through showing them in online virtual reality exhibitions.
D. Through applying them in modern industrial building projects.
(
A. To criticize modern architecture for ignoring traditional designs.
B. To explain the historical decline of wooden-frame systems.
C. To compare northern and southern Chinese architectural styles.
D. To highlight the cultural and technical value of traditional craftsmanship.
Traditional architecture:ancient craftsmanship
In recent years,the intangible cultural heritage has become popular across the Internet. Among them,traditional architecture construction techniques stand out,representing a unique part of our long-standing history.
The traditional Chinese architecture mainly uses a wooden-frame system,with soil,wood, bricks,tiles,and stones as the main building materials. The construction process has various specialized tasks,like the big-wood work,small-wood work and tile work. Big-wood work is the most important,leading the whole construction.
One of the key features of traditional architecture is the mortise-and-tenon joint. This amazing technique allows wooden components to connect without other auxiliary parts. It not only makes the building stable but also gives it flexibility,which is especially useful during earthquakes. The mortise-and-tenon joint can be traced back to the Hemudu Cultural Site about 7,000 years ago.
There are two main forms of traditional wooden-structure systems:the post-and-lintel system and the through-column system. The post-and-lintel system is common in large-scale buildings like palaces and temples in northern China. It has a large space inside but needs more materials. The through-column system,popular in southern China's folk houses,uses fewer materials but has some limits in space division.
These traditional construction techniques have been passed down from generation to generation mainly through oral and practical teaching between masters and apprentices. They are not only about building houses but also carry rich cultural meanings.
Nowadays,with the development of modern society,traditional architecture construction techniques are facing challenges. However,efforts are being made to preserve and inherit them,because they are important parts of our cultural heritage.
Task 1:Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)
(
D
)1. Why is the mortise-and-tenon joint amazing in traditional architecture?A. Because it makes the building more colourful.
B. Because it can make the building float during an earthquake.
C. Because it is the only technique used in traditional architecture.
D. Because it allows wooden components to combine firmly without extra parts.
(
B
)2. What are the main materials used in traditional Chinese architecture?A. Steel,glass and plastic.
B. Wood,bricks,tiles,stones and soil.
C. Cement,metal and fabric.
D. Only wood and stone.
(
B
)3. Where is the post-and-lintel system commonly used?A. In modern skyscrapers.
B. In large-scale buildings.
C. In southern China's folk houses.
D. In small-scale private houses all over China.
(
B
)4. How are traditional construction techniques passed down?A. Through writing them in textbooks for students to study.
B. Through the oral and practical instruction from masters to apprentices.
C. Through showing them in online virtual reality exhibitions.
D. Through applying them in modern industrial building projects.
(
D
)5. What is the author's main purpose in writing this passage?A. To criticize modern architecture for ignoring traditional designs.
B. To explain the historical decline of wooden-frame systems.
C. To compare northern and southern Chinese architectural styles.
D. To highlight the cultural and technical value of traditional craftsmanship.
答案
1. D 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. D
解析
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，解题思路如下：1. 先通读全文，把握文章关于中国传统建筑技艺的核心内容；2. 针对每个题目，回到原文定位对应段落的关键信息；3. 对比选项与原文内容，排除不符合的错误选项，选出与原文一致的正确答案。需重点关注细节信息（如材料、结构、传承方式）和主旨大意（作者写作目的）的定位。
【解析】1. 第1题：根据原文第三段“ This amazing technique allows wooden components to connect without other auxiliary parts”，可知榫卯结构的特点是无需额外部件连接木质构件，对应选项D；A（使建筑更鲜艳）、B（地震时漂浮）、C（是唯一技术）均与原文不符，故选D。2. 第2题：根据原文第二段“with soil, wood, bricks, tiles, and stones as the main building materials”，可知传统建筑主要材料对应选项B；A（钢、玻璃、塑料）、C（水泥、金属、织物）、D（仅木头和石头）均错误，故选B。3. 第3题：根据原文第四段“The post-and-lintel system is common in large-scale buildings like palaces and temples”，可知抬梁式结构用于大型建筑，对应选项B；A（现代摩天大楼）、C（南方民居）、D（各地小型私宅）均错误，故选B。4. 第4题：根据原文第五段“mainly through oral and practical teaching between masters and apprentices”，可知传承方式对应选项B；A（课本学习）、C（线上VR展）、D（现代工业建筑）均错误，故选B。5. 第5题：全文围绕传统建筑技艺的技术特点、文化价值展开，最后一段强调其为文化遗产重要部分，作者目的是突出其文化与技术价值，对应选项D；A（批评现代建筑）、B（讲框架体系衰落）、C（对比南北风格）均偏离主旨，故选D。
【答案】1.D 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.D
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本题考查学生英语阅读的信息定位与理解能力，以细节题为主，辅以主旨题，难度适中，只要认真梳理原文对应信息即可正确作答。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】1. 第1题：根据原文第三段“ This amazing technique allows wooden components to connect without other auxiliary parts”，可知榫卯结构的特点是无需额外部件连接木质构件，对应选项D；A（使建筑更鲜艳）、B（地震时漂浮）、C（是唯一技术）均与原文不符，故选D。2. 第2题：根据原文第二段“with soil, wood, bricks, tiles, and stones as the main building materials”，可知传统建筑主要材料对应选项B；A（钢、玻璃、塑料）、C（水泥、金属、织物）、D（仅木头和石头）均错误，故选B。3. 第3题：根据原文第四段“The post-and-lintel system is common in large-scale buildings like palaces and temples”，可知抬梁式结构用于大型建筑，对应选项B；A（现代摩天大楼）、C（南方民居）、D（各地小型私宅）均错误，故选B。4. 第4题：根据原文第五段“mainly through oral and practical teaching between masters and apprentices”，可知传承方式对应选项B；A（课本学习）、C（线上VR展）、D（现代工业建筑）均错误，故选B。5. 第5题：全文围绕传统建筑技艺的技术特点、文化价值展开，最后一段强调其为文化遗产重要部分，作者目的是突出其文化与技术价值，对应选项D；A（批评现代建筑）、B（讲框架体系衰落）、C（对比南北风格）均偏离主旨，故选D。
【答案】1.D 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.D
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本题考查学生英语阅读的信息定位与理解能力，以细节题为主，辅以主旨题，难度适中，只要认真梳理原文对应信息即可正确作答。
【难度系数】0.8
