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七、[2025盐城亭湖区期末]阅读理解
主题:人与自然——宇宙探索 学科素养:语言能力 词数:约220 建议用时:7分钟
Fish babies in space? In a space study on zebrafish, Chinese had a new record. They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world.
The zebrafish went to China’s space station on the Shenzhou 18 spaceship on April 25. Since then, they have been living in a closed fish tank with some plants. The fish grew up and had babies in 43 days.
In their special closed water world, the plants made air for the fish and the fish’s waste (排泄物) gave the plants food. The scientists gave the fish food through a special needle (针管).
Such a closed-loop ecosystem (封闭生态系统) is important for future study in space. It means that plants and animals can live in space more simply and easily.
The scientists also found that the zebrafish acted differently in space. For example, they often swam on their backs. The low gravity (重力) in space is a big reason. On Earth, gravity pulls everything to the Earth’s center, and animals can find their way easily. Gravity also makes their bodies work harder and become stronger.
Humans and zebrafish share 70% of the same genes (基因). So the new finding will help scientists better understand human health.
(
A. It took place in a closed water world.
B. The zebrafish gave birth to four babies at last.
C. It took zebrafish less than one month to grow up.
D. Scientists from different countries did it together.
(新考法 ·图文转换 Which picture should be in the circle to show the ecosystem in the fish tank?
(
A. Human bodies got stronger.
B. Animals could easily find their way.
C. The zebrafish swam on their backs.
D. The zebrafish swam in different directions.
(
A. The plan of the space study.
B. The course of the space study.
C. The meaning of the space study.
D. The finding of the space study.
主题:人与自然——宇宙探索 学科素养:语言能力 词数:约220 建议用时:7分钟
Fish babies in space? In a space study on zebrafish, Chinese had a new record. They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world.
The zebrafish went to China’s space station on the Shenzhou 18 spaceship on April 25. Since then, they have been living in a closed fish tank with some plants. The fish grew up and had babies in 43 days.
In their special closed water world, the plants made air for the fish and the fish’s waste (排泄物) gave the plants food. The scientists gave the fish food through a special needle (针管).
Such a closed-loop ecosystem (封闭生态系统) is important for future study in space. It means that plants and animals can live in space more simply and easily.
The scientists also found that the zebrafish acted differently in space. For example, they often swam on their backs. The low gravity (重力) in space is a big reason. On Earth, gravity pulls everything to the Earth’s center, and animals can find their way easily. Gravity also makes their bodies work harder and become stronger.
Humans and zebrafish share 70% of the same genes (基因). So the new finding will help scientists better understand human health.
(
A
) 1. What do we know about the space study?A. It took place in a closed water world.
B. The zebrafish gave birth to four babies at last.
C. It took zebrafish less than one month to grow up.
D. Scientists from different countries did it together.
(
B
) 2. (
C
) 3. What was the result of the low gravity in space?A. Human bodies got stronger.
B. Animals could easily find their way.
C. The zebrafish swam on their backs.
D. The zebrafish swam in different directions.
(
C
) 4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The plan of the space study.
B. The course of the space study.
C. The meaning of the space study.
D. The finding of the space study.
答案
【主旨大意】本文介绍了中国在太空进行的一项关于斑马鱼的研究，包括研究的环境、斑马鱼在太空的生存繁衍情况、太空低重力对斑马鱼的影响，以及该研究对理解人类健康的意义。
1. A【点拨】细节理解题。根据“They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world.”可知，这项太空研究是在一个封闭的水环境中进行的。
2. B【点拨】推理判断题。根据“In their special closed water ... the plants food.”可知，鱼的排泄物为植物提供食物，故选B。
3. C【点拨】细节理解题。根据“The scientists also found ... big reason.”可知，太空低重力导致斑马鱼经常仰着游。
4. C【点拨】主旨大意题。根据“Humans and zebrafish share ... human health.”可知，因为斑马鱼和人类基因相似，能对科学家更好地理解人类健康有帮助，强调的是太空研究的意义。
1. A【点拨】细节理解题。根据“They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world.”可知，这项太空研究是在一个封闭的水环境中进行的。
2. B【点拨】推理判断题。根据“In their special closed water ... the plants food.”可知，鱼的排泄物为植物提供食物，故选B。
3. C【点拨】细节理解题。根据“The scientists also found ... big reason.”可知，太空低重力导致斑马鱼经常仰着游。
4. C【点拨】主旨大意题。根据“Humans and zebrafish share ... human health.”可知，因为斑马鱼和人类基因相似，能对科学家更好地理解人类健康有帮助，强调的是太空研究的意义。
解析
【分析】
做这类阅读理解题，需先通读原文把握主旨，再带着各小题的问题回到原文定位对应信息，逐一比对选项排除错误内容，选出正确答案。具体到各题：第1题需定位太空研究的相关细节；第2题需分析封闭生态系统中生物的关系；第3题需找太空低重力的结果；第4题需概括最后一段的核心内容。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world.”可知，太空研究在封闭水环境中进行，A正确；B项是四条斑马鱼存活而非生四个，C项耗时43天超过一个月，D项是中国科学家完成，故选A。
2. 推理判断题：根据原文第三段“In their special closed water world, the plants made air for the fish and the fish’s waste gave the plants food.”可知，封闭生态系统中鱼的排泄物为植物提供食物，对应插图选B。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第五段“The low gravity in space is a big reason. For example, they often swam on their backs.”可知，太空低重力导致斑马鱼仰着游，故选C。
4. 主旨大意题：最后一段指出斑马鱼与人类基因相似，该研究有助于理解人类健康，强调的是太空研究的意义，故选C。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题）
【点评】
本文是关于太空探索的说明文，题型涵盖初中英语常见的阅读理解题型，考查学生定位信息、理解文本细节与主旨的能力，符合期末检测要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
做这类阅读理解题，需先通读原文把握主旨，再带着各小题的问题回到原文定位对应信息，逐一比对选项排除错误内容，选出正确答案。具体到各题：第1题需定位太空研究的相关细节；第2题需分析封闭生态系统中生物的关系；第3题需找太空低重力的结果；第4题需概括最后一段的核心内容。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world.”可知，太空研究在封闭水环境中进行，A正确；B项是四条斑马鱼存活而非生四个，C项耗时43天超过一个月，D项是中国科学家完成，故选A。
2. 推理判断题：根据原文第三段“In their special closed water world, the plants made air for the fish and the fish’s waste gave the plants food.”可知，封闭生态系统中鱼的排泄物为植物提供食物，对应插图选B。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第五段“The low gravity in space is a big reason. For example, they often swam on their backs.”可知，太空低重力导致斑马鱼仰着游，故选C。
4. 主旨大意题：最后一段指出斑马鱼与人类基因相似，该研究有助于理解人类健康，强调的是太空研究的意义，故选C。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题）
【点评】
本文是关于太空探索的说明文，题型涵盖初中英语常见的阅读理解题型，考查学生定位信息、理解文本细节与主旨的能力，符合期末检测要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
