一、根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词
1. He had a （剧烈的） headache last night, so he couldn't sleep well and looked tired in the morning.
2. The （专家） suggest the old not go out to exercise too early on cold winter mornings.
3. [2025 上海虹口区联考改编]Many students keep their cameras on in online classes so that the teacher can see their （反应）.
4. The rescue team will set off to the disaster area as soon as they receive the official （通知）.
5. When we got to the r station, the train had already left.
6. 天星原创 We made a t for our group project to plan when each task should be finished.
7. [2025 西安期末改编]I am usually very busy on w, so I usually visit my grandparents on weekends.

1. terrible 2. experts 3. reactions 4. notice
5. railway 6. timeline 7. weekdays

【分析】
本题为根据汉语或首字母提示写单词的基础题，解题思路是：先理解句子语境，再结合汉语释义或首字母线索，确定对应单词，同时注意名词单复数、固定搭配等语法细节，确保单词形式符合句子要求。
【解析】
1. 汉语提示“剧烈的”修饰名词headache，需用形容词，对应单词为terrible；
2. 汉语提示“专家”，谓语动词为原形suggest，主语需用复数名词，对应单词为experts；
3. 汉语提示“反应”，此处指多名学生的反应，需用复数名词，对应单词为reactions；
4. 汉语提示“通知”，official notice为固定搭配，对应单词为notice；
5. 首字母为r，结合station和train的语境，railway station是固定短语“火车站”，对应单词为railway；
6. 首字母为t，结合“为小组项目规划任务完成时间”的语境，timeline意为“时间线”，符合要求；
7. 首字母为w，与weekends（周末）对应，weekdays意为“工作日”，符合“工作日忙，周末看望祖父母”的语境。
【答案】
1. terrible 2. experts 3. reactions 4. notice 5. railway 6. timeline 7. weekdays
【知识点】
英语单词拼写、名词单复数、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的运用，需结合语境和提示准确填写单词，重点注意名词单复数的变化，整体难度适中，适合巩固基础词汇。
【难度系数】
0.3

二、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空
（每词限用一次）
airline, history, service, rainstorm, motherland
1. The towns are connected with each other by bus and train systems.
2. As students, we should try to gain more knowledge to build our better.
3. I like reading stories because I can learn about things which happened many years ago.
4. After the , fallen trees and broken windows are everywhere.
5. After the long flight, now we are at the Capital Airport. We hope you have enjoyed your flight with our this evening.

1. service 句意:这些城镇之间由公共汽车和火车服务系统连接起来。
2. motherland 句意:作为学生,我们应该努力获取更多知识,以更好地建设我们的祖国。
3. historical 根据“because I can learn about things which happened many years ago”可知,此处指阅读历史故事,应用history的形容词形式historical,表示“历史的”。
4. rainstorm 根据“fallen trees and broken windows are everywhere”并结合所给单词可知,倒下的树木和破碎的窗户应是暴风雨造成的,故填rainstorm。
5. airline 根据“After the long flight, now we are at the Capital Airport”可推知,题干是航空广播词,故此处是说“我们希望您今晚搭乘我们航空公司的航班期间度过了一段愉快的旅程”,故填airline。

【分析】做此类用方框中所给单词适当形式填空的题目，需先通读每个句子理解句意，再结合句子结构判断所需词性，同时根据语境匹配词义，若需要则调整单词形式（如名词变形容词），确保所选单词符合每词限用一次的要求。
【解析】1. 句意为：这些城镇之间由公共汽车和火车服务系统连接起来。此处需名词作定语修饰systems，service（服务）符合语境，故填service。2. 句意为：作为学生，我们应努力获取更多知识以更好建设我们的祖国。our后接名词，motherland（祖国）符合，故填motherland。3. 句意为：我喜欢读历史故事，因为能了解很多年前发生的事。此处需形容词修饰stories，history的形容词形式为historical（历史的），故填historical。4. 句意为：暴风雨过后，到处是倒下的树和破碎的窗户。根据语境，rainstorm（暴风雨）符合，故填rainstorm。5. 句意为：长途飞行后在首都机场，希望您搭乘我们航空公司的航班旅途愉快。结合flight和airport，airline（航空公司）符合，故填airline。
【答案】1. service 2. motherland 3. historical 4. rainstorm 5. airline
【知识点】词汇运用、词性转换
【点评】本题为初中英语基础词汇填空题，主要考察学生对单词词义、词性转换的掌握，结合语境选择合适单词及形式，难度适中，是常见的英语基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7

三、根据汉语意思完成句子(每空一词)
1. 有些人把旅行视为逃离工作的方式。
Some people see travelling as a way of work.
2. 每个人都应该知道火灾发生时如何自救。
Everyone should know how to save themselves when a fire .
3. [2025 无锡宜兴期末改编]你知道数千年前人们用贝壳来购买东西吗?
Do you know that people used shells to buy things years ago?
4. 在经历漫长的一天后,当我感到疲惫时,听我最喜欢的音乐总能让我精神振奋。
Listening to my favourite music always when I feel tired after a long day.
5. 新素材 如今人工智能可以帮助人们搜索信息、绘制图画等等。
Today AI can help people information, draw pictures and so on.

1. getting away from 2. breaks out
3. thousands of 4. lifts my spirits
5. search for

【分析】本题为根据汉语意思完成句子的题型，需结合汉语含义、固定短语搭配及语法规则（如介词后接动名词、主谓一致、固定结构等）填写正确内容。第1题“逃离”对应固定短语get away from，介词of后需用动名词形式；第2题“（火灾）发生”对应break out，主语a fire为单数，一般现在时谓语用第三人称单数；第3题“数千”的固定表达为thousands of；第4题“让我精神振奋”对应lift one's spirits，主语为动名词短语，谓语用第三人称单数，one's用my；第5题“搜索”对应search for，help sb do sth结构中用动词原形。
【解析】1. “逃离”的固定搭配为get away from，介词of后接动名词，故填getting away from；2. “（火灾）发生”用break out，主语a fire是单数，一般现在时动词用第三人称单数形式，故填breaks out；3. “数千”的固定短语为thousands of，故填thousands of；4. “让某人精神振奋”是lift one's spirits，主语是动名词短语，谓语用第三人称单数，one's用my，故填lifts my spirits；5. “搜索”的固定短语是search for，help sb do sth结构中用动词原形，故填search for。
【答案】1. getting away from 2. breaks out 3. thousands of 4. lifts my spirits 5. search for
【知识点】固定短语搭配、动词形式变化、主谓一致
【点评】本题考查英语基础固定短语及语法运用，要求学生掌握常见短语的含义和用法，结合句子结构正确变形，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.4

用括号内所给动词的适当形式补全短文
新风向·语篇考语法 Last summer, a strong typhoon hit our city. It was a day that no one would forget. At 8 o'clock in the evening, most people 1. (stay) at home. Some were watching TV, while others 2. (chat) with their family.
Suddenly, the wind began to blow hard. The typhoon 3. (get) stronger and stronger. Trees were falling down, and windows 4. (break) into pieces. People were very scared.
The heavy rain was pouring down (倾盆而下) continuously. The streets became rivers quickly. Some cars were floating (漂浮) in the water. Rescue teams 5. (work) hard to help those in danger.
Finally, after a long and scary night, the typhoon passed. Although the city was in a mess, people started to clean up and rebuild their homes together.

1. were staying 2. were chatting
3. was getting 4. were breaking
5. were working

【分析】
本题考查语篇中动词的时态运用，核心是过去进行时的用法。解题思路：1. 先定位每个空格的时间语境，判断动作是否为过去某一时刻/时间段正在进行的动作；2. 确定主语的单复数，匹配be动词的形式；3. 结合并列结构（如while连接的平行动作）等提示，确定时态结构为“was/were + 动词现在分词”。
【解析】
1. 空格前时间状语为“At 8 o'clock in the evening”（过去具体时刻），表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作，主语“most people”为复数，故用过去进行时“were staying”。
2. “while”连接两个并列的过去进行时动作，前半句为“Some were watching TV”，后半句主语“others”对应复数，故用“were chatting”。
3. 描述台风在过去逐渐变强的过程，是过去时间段内正在发生的动作，主语“the typhoon”为单数，故用过去进行时“was getting”。
4. 由并列连词“and”连接，前半句为“Trees were falling down”，主语“windows”为复数，故用过去进行时“were breaking”。
5. 描述救援队在台风期间正在努力工作，主语“Rescue teams”为复数，故用过去进行时“were working”。
【答案】
1. were staying 2. were chatting 3. was getting 4. were breaking 5. were working
【知识点】
过去进行时、主谓一致
【点评】
本题结合语篇语境考查过去进行时的运用，需准确判断动作发生的时间状态，是初中英语时态的基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6