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热考素材 名著选读 Children were playing games and they played different roles. Tom gave up the brush with unwillingness on his face, but happiness in his heart. And while the late ship Big Missouri worked in the sun, the old artist sat on a stone in the shade close by, shook his legs, ate his apple, and tried to fool the children. There were many such children; boys happened along every little while; they came to laugh, but remained to whitewash fences.
By the time Ben was tired out, Tom had traded the next chance with Billy Fisher for a kite. When he played out, Johnny Miller bought the chance with a dead rat and a line to swing it with—and so on, hour after hour. And when the middle of the afternoon came, from being a poor boy in the morning, Tom quickly became a rich boy. Besides the things mentioned before, he had twelve marbles, part of a Jew's harp, a piece of blue bottle glass to look through, a spool cannon, a key that wouldn't unlock anything, a box of chalk, a tin soldier, a couple of tadpoles, six firecrackers, a kitten with only one eye, a brass doorknob, a dog collar—but no dog, the handle of a knife, four pieces of orange peel, and an old window sash.
He had had a nice, good, free time all the while with a lot of friends, and the fence had been painted three times! If he hadn't run out of whitewash, he would have had everything that every boy in the village had.
Tom said to himself that it was not such an empty world. He had discovered a great law of the human action, without knowing it—namely, that in order to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to get. If he had been a great and wise philosopher, like the writer of this book, he would now have understood that “work” means whatever a body has to do, and that “play” means whatever a body doesn't have to do. And this would help him to understand why constructing artificial flowers or performing on a treadmill is work, while playing soccer or climbing Mont Blanc is only amusement.
There are rich gentlemen in England who drive four-horse passenger-coaches twenty or thirty miles on a daily line in summer, because it costs them a lot of money; but if they were offered
英语嗨吧 | 和动物有关的谚语——Cat A cat has nine lives. 吉人天相。 51
money for the service, that would turn it into work and then they would resign.
The boy thought for a while over the change which had taken place around him, and then went to headquarters to report.
——文章节选自《汤姆·索亚历险记》(The Adventures of Tom Sawyer)
()1. What did the old artist do in the shade?
A. He drew a beautiful ship.
B. He worked for the children.
C. He tried to fool the children.
D. He exchanged things with the children.
()2. How did Tom become a rich child?
A. By painting the fence.
B. By trading with the children.
C. By working for the artist.
D. By selling some paintings.
()3. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A. Tom was a great and wise philosopher.
B. Work means whatever a body doesn't have to do.
C. Climbing Mont Blanc is only work.
D. Tom had discovered a great law of the human action.
()4. What's the CORRECT order of the following events?
① Tom traded the next chance with Billy Fisher for a kite.
② Tom had a good time and the fence was painted three times.
③ Tom discovered a great law of the human action.
④ Rich gentlemen in England drove passenger-coaches for fun.
A. ①②③④ B. ②①③④ C. ②③①④ D. ③②①④

本文节选自《汤姆·索亚历险记》，讲述了Tom忽悠别人替他粉刷篱笆的故事。
1. C 细节理解题。由第一段中“the old artist sat on a stone in the shade close by, shook his legs, ate his apple, and tried to fool the children”可知答案。
2. B 细节理解题。第二段叙述Tom与其他孩子交易的经历，且由Tom had traded the next chance with Billy Fisher for a kite可知，Tom通过与孩子们交易变得富有。
3. D 细节理解题。由第四段中He had discovered a great law of the human action可知答案。
4. A 信息排序题。首先，Tom和Billy Fisher交换得到了风筝(①)；然后，Tom自己玩得很开心，篱笆被刷了三遍(②)；之后，Tom明白了关于人性的一个重要规律(③)；最后，作者举了英国富人驾车的例子来解释“工作”与“娱乐”(④)。因此正确顺序是①②③④。