2026年同步轻松练习八年级英语上册人教版第42页答案
Ⅰ. 用方框中所给的单词填空。
opinion, friendship, alike, mirror, novel, humour
1. There is a saying, “The world is like a
mirror
. You smile at it and it smiles back.”
2. His
humour
and kindness made him popular among the students.
3. Everyone has a different
opinion
on the same subject at the meeting.
4. Pride and Prejudice is Jane Austen’s
novel
.
5. I think nothing is more important than
friendship
.
6. Is this your father? You two are very
alike
.

答案

1. mirror
2. humour
3. opinion
4. novel
5. friendship
6. alike

解析

【分析】
解题时,先明确方框内每个单词的词义:opinion(观点)、friendship(友谊)、alike(相像的)、mirror(镜子)、novel(小说)、humour(幽默);再结合每个句子的语境,分析句子需要的词义,逐一匹配合适的单词,确保语义通顺、逻辑合理。
【解析】
1. 句子语境为“世界像________,你对它笑它就对你笑”,mirror(镜子)符合该比喻语境,故填mirror;
2. 句子提到“他的________和友善让他受学生欢迎”,humour(幽默)与kindness(友善)并列,符合语境,故填humour;
3. 固定搭配“have a different opinion on sth”表示“对某事有不同看法”,结合语境,opinion(观点)符合,故填opinion;
4. 《傲慢与偏见》是简·奥斯汀的小说,novel(小说)符合,故填novel;
5. 句子表达“没有什么比________更重要”,friendship(友谊)符合语义,故填friendship;
6. 句子问“这是你爸爸吗?你们很________”,alike(相像的)符合描述外貌相似的语境,故填alike。
【答案】
1. mirror
2. humour
3. opinion
4. novel
5. friendship
6. alike
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、词义辨析
【点评】
本题为基础词汇填空题,考查学生对常用单词词义的理解及语境运用能力,题型简单,是英语学习中的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅱ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I have a lot of
interests
(interest) such as drawing and singing.
2. I never tell lies, because my mother tells me to be an
honest
(honest) child.
3. Don't be afraid of making
mistakes
(mistake) when you talk to foreigners in English.
4. Now I am getting
better
(good) at badminton.
5. Despite their cultural
differences
(different), the
similarities
(similar) in their values brought them closer.

答案

1. interests
2. honest
3. mistakes
4. better
5. differences; similarities

解析

【分析】
本题为英语词汇适当形式填空题,需结合语境、固定搭配、词性变化规则解题:1. a lot of后接可数名词复数,interest表“兴趣爱好”时为可数名词;2. 根据“从不撒谎”的语境,需填“诚实的”形容词原形;3. 固定搭配make mistakes中mistake用复数;4. 固定搭配get better at需用good的比较级;5. 形容词后接名词,需将形容词转换为对应的名词,且表泛指用复数。
【解析】
1. a lot of修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,此处interest表示具体的兴趣爱好,为可数名词,故填interests。
2. 由“从不撒谎”可知,需做诚实的孩子,honest(诚实的)符合语境,无需变形,且an修饰元音音素开头的honest,正确。
3. 固定搭配make mistakes意为“犯错误”,mistake是可数名词,此处用复数形式,故填mistakes。
4. 固定搭配get better at意为“更擅长于”,此处需用good的比较级better,故填better。
5. 第一空cultural是形容词,后接名词,different的名词形式为difference,表泛指用复数differences;第二空the后接名词,similar的名词形式为similarity,表泛指用复数similarities,故填differences; similarities。
【答案】
1. interests
2. honest
3. mistakes
4. better
5. differences; similarities
【知识点】
名词复数、形容词比较级、词性转换
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇的形式变化,涉及名词复数、形容词原形、比较级及词性转换,需掌握固定搭配和词性变化规则,难度适中,适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅲ. 根据中文意思完成英语句子。
1. 有些人认为朋友应该相似。
Some people think that friends should
be
alike/similar
.
2. 她毫不犹豫地给了我一个直截了当的回答。
She gave me a
direct
answer
without hesitation.
3. 多亏了你,现在大家都知道它了。
Thanks
to
you, everyone knows about it now.
4. 她很有幽默感。
She has
a
great
sense
of
humour
.
5. 她不怕发表意见。
She is not afraid to
give
her
opinion
.
6. ——你为什么喜欢大熊猫?
——因为它们有点可爱。
—Why do you like pandas?
—Because they are
kind
of
cute.

答案

1. be alike/similar
2. direct answer
3. Thanks to
4. a great sense of humour
5. give her opinion
6. kind of

解析

【分析】
本题要求根据中文意思完成英语句子,需结合每个句子的中文含义,回忆对应的英语固定短语、搭配,同时注意句子的语法结构(如情态动词后接动词原形、名词前的修饰词、固定短语的大小写等),逐一匹配合适的英语表达。
【解析】
1. 中文“相似”,情态动词should后需接动词原形,故填be alike/similar;
2. 中文“直截了当的回答”,“直截了当的”用形容词direct修饰名词answer,故填direct answer;
3. 中文“多亏了”对应固定短语Thanks to,句首首字母大写,故填Thanks to;
4. 中文“有幽默感”对应固定短语have a great sense of humour,故填a great sense of humour;
5. 中文“发表意见”对应固定短语give one's opinion,主语是she,故填give her opinion;
6. 中文“有点”修饰形容词cute,用固定短语kind of,故填kind of。
【答案】
1. be alike/similar
2. direct answer
3. Thanks to
4. a great sense of humour
5. give her opinion
6. kind of
【知识点】
固定短语搭配,形容词修饰名词,名词短语
【点评】
本题为基础汉译英填空题,主要考查常用英语固定搭配和短语的运用,侧重词汇积累,难度不大。
【难度系数】
0.5
Ⅳ. 根据教材内容,填入适当的词语补全短文。
What are Matt's and Diana's opinions about friends? Matt believes a good friend is like 1.
a mirror
. For example, his friend, Stephen, and he are similar in many ways. They both love sport, such as badminton. They also enjoy reading together, though Matt prefers 2.
history books
and Stephen likes novels. They often share interesting books with each other.
However, Diana disagrees. She thinks friends who are different can make us better. For example, Diana is shy, but her best friend, Yuan Lei, is outgoing and funny. Thanks to Yuan Lei, Diana is becoming more outgoing and enjoys 3.
meeting new people
. Diana also has another friend, Zhang Yong, who is very honest and 4.
not afraid to
give his opinion. Diana appreciates his honesty, even though she is less straightforward.
In the end, both similar and different friends are important. Similar friends can 5.
share
interests and hobbies, while different friends can help us learn new things and grow as individuals.

答案

1. a mirror
2. history books
3. meeting new people
4. not afraid to
5. share

解析

【分析】本题为根据教材内容补全短文的题型,解题思路是先通读全文,把握Matt和Diana对朋友的不同观点,再逐空结合上下文语境、逻辑关系及固定搭配确定合适的词语。
【解析】1. 由前文“a good friend is like”及后文提到朋友间的相似性,可知此处填“a mirror”;2. 前文提到Matt与Stephen都爱阅读,Stephen喜欢小说,对应Matt更喜欢“history books”;3. 前文说Diana害羞,朋友Yuan Lei外向,因此她享受“meeting new people”;4. 后文提到Diana不直接,故朋友Zhang Yong“not afraid to”表达观点;5. 相似朋友会“share”兴趣爱好,符合语境。
【答案】1. a mirror;2. history books;3. meeting new people;4. not afraid to;5. share
【知识点】短文填空、语境理解、词汇运用
【点评】本题依托教材内容,通过对比不同人物对朋友的看法,考查学生的语境分析能力和基础词汇的运用能力,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6