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二、阅读理解。
主题:人与自我——生活与学习·身心健康
体裁:说明文 难易度:☆☆☆
新素材 牙线竟可防中风? Looking after your teeth and gums(牙龈）is good for you. It keeps your teeth healthy, and it can help your brain(大脑）. A new study shows that flossing（用牙线剔）your teeth could lower the risk of having a stroke(中风）.
A stroke affects the brain. It happens when blood can't get to the brain, or when a blood vessel（血管） in the brain bursts(爆裂）. Around 15 million people worldwide have a stroke each year. Of these, about 5 million die, and 5 million are left disabled(有残疾的）. Oral(口腔的）diseases, such as bad teeth and gum diseases, affect around 3.5 billion people.
Dr Sen and his team of researchers looked into the influences of flossing on our health. He said, “We want to find out how we can best prevent strokes, flossing, brushing teeth, cleaning your mouth with water or going to the dentist at least weekly.” The team found that flossing teeth at least once a week could lower the risk of different types of stroke by about 33%.
Dr Sen said that flossing was a cheap and easy way of caring for your teeth and body. He added, “Flossing is a healthy habit that is easy and cheap for everyone.”
1. 新考向 开篇方式 How does the writer start the passage?
(
A. By telling a fact.
B. By giving advice.
C. By giving an example.
D. By telling a story.
2. 新考向 组合选择 What might cause a stroke?
(
①When one has a bad cold.
②When one has a bad headache.
③When blood can't reach the brain.
④When a blood vessel in the brain breaks.
A. ①② B. ③④ C. ②④ D. ②③
3. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
(
A. The ways of using flossing.
B. The benefits of flossing.
C. The results of using flossing.
D. The disadvantages of flossing.
4. 新考向 划分文章结构 What is the structure of the passage? (P₁ = Paragraph 1, ...)
(
主题:人与自我——生活与学习·身心健康
体裁:说明文 难易度:☆☆☆
新素材 牙线竟可防中风? Looking after your teeth and gums(牙龈）is good for you. It keeps your teeth healthy, and it can help your brain(大脑）. A new study shows that flossing（用牙线剔）your teeth could lower the risk of having a stroke(中风）.
A stroke affects the brain. It happens when blood can't get to the brain, or when a blood vessel（血管） in the brain bursts(爆裂）. Around 15 million people worldwide have a stroke each year. Of these, about 5 million die, and 5 million are left disabled(有残疾的）. Oral(口腔的）diseases, such as bad teeth and gum diseases, affect around 3.5 billion people.
Dr Sen and his team of researchers looked into the influences of flossing on our health. He said, “We want to find out how we can best prevent strokes, flossing, brushing teeth, cleaning your mouth with water or going to the dentist at least weekly.” The team found that flossing teeth at least once a week could lower the risk of different types of stroke by about 33%.
Dr Sen said that flossing was a cheap and easy way of caring for your teeth and body. He added, “Flossing is a healthy habit that is easy and cheap for everyone.”
1. 新考向 开篇方式 How does the writer start the passage?
(
A
)A. By telling a fact.
B. By giving advice.
C. By giving an example.
D. By telling a story.
2. 新考向 组合选择 What might cause a stroke?
(
B
)①When one has a bad cold.
②When one has a bad headache.
③When blood can't reach the brain.
④When a blood vessel in the brain breaks.
A. ①② B. ③④ C. ②④ D. ②③
3. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
(
B
)A. The ways of using flossing.
B. The benefits of flossing.
C. The results of using flossing.
D. The disadvantages of flossing.
4. 新考向 划分文章结构 What is the structure of the passage? (P₁ = Paragraph 1, ...)
(
C
)答案
二、1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C
解析
【解析】
1. 第1题：文章开篇直接点明呵护牙齿和牙龈对健康有益，引出用牙线可降低中风风险的研究结论，是通过陈述客观事实的方式开启全文，对应A选项。
2. 第2题：根据原文第二段内容，中风的诱因是血液无法流入大脑，或是大脑内的血管破裂，即③④描述正确，对应B选项。
3. 第3题：最后一段指出用牙线是廉价又简便的护牙、养护身体的方式，点明这是对所有人都易践行的健康习惯，核心是介绍用牙线的益处，对应B选项。
4. 第4题：本文第一段总述护牙有益大脑，引出用牙线可降低中风风险的核心话题；第二段介绍中风的相关常识与口腔疾病的现状；第三段介绍相关研究的过程与发现；第四段总结用牙线的优势，整体结构为总起段引出话题，后续段落逐层展开说明，对应C选项的结构图示。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找
阅读理解主旨大意
文章结构分析
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的说明文阅读，贴合健康生活的热点主题，设置了开篇方式判断、细节筛选、段落主旨概括、文章结构划分等新考向考点，既考查学生定位原文信息的基础阅读能力，也对文本逻辑梳理的综合阅读能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 第1题：文章开篇直接点明呵护牙齿和牙龈对健康有益，引出用牙线可降低中风风险的研究结论，是通过陈述客观事实的方式开启全文，对应A选项。
2. 第2题：根据原文第二段内容，中风的诱因是血液无法流入大脑，或是大脑内的血管破裂，即③④描述正确，对应B选项。
3. 第3题：最后一段指出用牙线是廉价又简便的护牙、养护身体的方式，点明这是对所有人都易践行的健康习惯，核心是介绍用牙线的益处，对应B选项。
4. 第4题：本文第一段总述护牙有益大脑，引出用牙线可降低中风风险的核心话题；第二段介绍中风的相关常识与口腔疾病的现状；第三段介绍相关研究的过程与发现；第四段总结用牙线的优势，整体结构为总起段引出话题，后续段落逐层展开说明，对应C选项的结构图示。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找
阅读理解主旨大意
文章结构分析
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的说明文阅读，贴合健康生活的热点主题，设置了开篇方式判断、细节筛选、段落主旨概括、文章结构划分等新考向考点，既考查学生定位原文信息的基础阅读能力，也对文本逻辑梳理的综合阅读能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.7
三、读写结合。
阅读短文,用英文填空或回答问题。(注意每小题的词数要求)
主题:人与自我——生活与学习·安全防护
体裁:记叙文
难易度:☆☆☆
Jessie and her two younger sisters lived with their mother in an apartment building.
One evening, a fire started on the second floor. The smoke quickly spread(蔓延) through the whole building and the fire alarm went off. All the people ran out of the building. There was no time for the mother to take other things, so she just took several winter jackets for her children. They ran outside as quickly as possible.
Soon, the firemen arrived and tried to control the fire so that it wouldn't spread to other buildings. Standing in terror, the children watched their apartment building burn(燃烧) for hours.
Because of the fire, this family and twelve other families in the same building were homeless. But what happened next? They got help from the Red Cross office and many other people. They brought clothes, food and even money. A week later, all the families moved into their newly rented(租用的) houses.
Jessie's mother told her children, "So many people helped us. We must never forget what they did for us."
The three children agreed. Right away, they started to make special cards to thank people for helping them. On each card, they added this message: Don't play with fire.
1. What did the mother take for her children when they ran out?(不超过10词)
2 -4. Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
5. 新考向 开放性问答 Why is fire safety an important part of staying healthy?(不超过15词)
阅读短文,用英文填空或回答问题。(注意每小题的词数要求)
主题:人与自我——生活与学习·安全防护
体裁:记叙文
难易度:☆☆☆
Jessie and her two younger sisters lived with their mother in an apartment building.
One evening, a fire started on the second floor. The smoke quickly spread(蔓延) through the whole building and the fire alarm went off. All the people ran out of the building. There was no time for the mother to take other things, so she just took several winter jackets for her children. They ran outside as quickly as possible.
Soon, the firemen arrived and tried to control the fire so that it wouldn't spread to other buildings. Standing in terror, the children watched their apartment building burn(燃烧) for hours.
Because of the fire, this family and twelve other families in the same building were homeless. But what happened next? They got help from the Red Cross office and many other people. They brought clothes, food and even money. A week later, all the families moved into their newly rented(租用的) houses.
Jessie's mother told her children, "So many people helped us. We must never forget what they did for us."
The three children agreed. Right away, they started to make special cards to thank people for helping them. On each card, they added this message: Don't play with fire.
1. What did the mother take for her children when they ran out?(不超过10词)
The mother took several winter jackets.
2 -4. Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
5. 新考向 开放性问答 Why is fire safety an important part of staying healthy?(不超过15词)
Because knowing how to prevent fires protects our lives and homes.
答案
1. The mother took several winter jackets.
2. The Red Cross office
3. thank people
4. play with fire
5. Because knowing how to prevent fires protects our lives and homes.
2. The Red Cross office
3. thank people
4. play with fire
5. Because knowing how to prevent fires protects our lives and homes.
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位原文中母亲在火灾中为孩子携带的物品，提取对应信息；2-4题需结合语篇上下文及关键信息填空；第5题是开放性问答，围绕“消防安全与健康的关联”，控制词数作答。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段关键句：“so she just took several winter jackets for her children”，提取答案；2-4题结合语篇中红十字会援助、孩子制作感谢卡、卡片警示语等信息填空；5题围绕“消防安全保护生命与家园，关乎健康”，控制在15词内作答。
【答案】
1. The mother took several winter jackets.
2. The Red Cross office
3. thank people
4. play with fire
5. Because knowing how to prevent fires protects our lives and homes.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语开放性问答、语篇信息提取
【点评】
本题结合“人与自我-安全防护”主题，考查细节查找与开放性表达，符合读写结合要求，难度适中，能引导学生关注生活安全。
【难度系数】
0.5
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位原文中母亲在火灾中为孩子携带的物品，提取对应信息；2-4题需结合语篇上下文及关键信息填空；第5题是开放性问答，围绕“消防安全与健康的关联”，控制词数作答。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段关键句：“so she just took several winter jackets for her children”，提取答案；2-4题结合语篇中红十字会援助、孩子制作感谢卡、卡片警示语等信息填空；5题围绕“消防安全保护生命与家园，关乎健康”，控制在15词内作答。
【答案】
1. The mother took several winter jackets.
2. The Red Cross office
3. thank people
4. play with fire
5. Because knowing how to prevent fires protects our lives and homes.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语开放性问答、语篇信息提取
【点评】
本题结合“人与自我-安全防护”主题，考查细节查找与开放性表达，符合读写结合要求，难度适中，能引导学生关注生活安全。
【难度系数】
0.5
