2026年能力培养与测试八年级英语上册人教版第117页答案
Ⅰ. 按照示例,在每组单词中选出一对反义词。
1. safe dangerous noisy
2. long heavy light
3. ugly right beautiful
4. nothing everything something
5. outside upside inside
6. begin finish fail
7. rise feel fall
8. change life death
9. winner weekday weekend
10. badly well worse

答案

2. heavy light
3. ugly beautiful
4. nothing everything
5. outside inside
6. begin finish
7. rise fall
8. life death
9. weekday weekend
10. badly well

解析

【分析】
要找出每组单词中的反义词,需先明确每个单词的词义,再判断哪两个单词意思相反,逐一排查每组的三个单词即可完成选择。
【解析】
1. 示例已给出safe(安全的)与dangerous(危险的)为反义词;
2. long(长的)、heavy(重的)、light(轻的),heavy与light是反义词;
3. ugly(丑陋的)、right(正确的/右边的)、beautiful(美丽的),ugly与beautiful是反义词;
4. nothing(没有东西)、everything(一切东西)、something(某物),nothing与everything是反义词;
5. outside(在外面)、upside(上部)、inside(在里面),outside与inside是反义词;
6. begin(开始)、finish(结束)、fail(失败),begin与finish是反义词;
7. rise(上升)、feel(感觉)、fall(下降),rise与fall是反义词;
8. change(改变)、life(生命)、death(死亡),life与death是反义词;
9. winner(获胜者)、weekday(工作日)、weekend(周末),weekday与weekend是反义词;
10. badly(糟糕地)、well(好地)、worse(更糟地),badly与well是反义词。
【答案】
2. heavy light
3. ugly beautiful
4. nothing everything
5. outside inside
6. begin finish
7. rise fall
8. life death
9. weekday weekend
10. badly well
【知识点】
英语反义词辨析、基础词汇词义
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的反义关系,属于词汇类基础题型,只需掌握常见单词的词义即可准确解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅱ. 根据语境,选择正确的单词完成句子。
1. Some scientists predict that
negative
(negative/positive) effects of climate change, like extreme weather, will increase if we don't protect the environment.
2. They believe that many traditional jobs might
disappear
(appear/disappear) in the future because of AI and robots.
3. Flying cars used to seem
impossible
(possible/impossible), but some companies say they can become common by 2050!
4. In the future, clean water and fresh air will be even more
valuable
(valuable/valueless) as natural resources run out.
5. Some people think humans will live on Mars soon, but others
disagree
(agree/disagree) and say it will take centuries.

答案

1. negative
2. disappear
3. impossible
4. valuable
5. disagree

解析

【分析】本题为英语语境选词填空题,需结合句子逻辑和词义辨析选择合适单词。解题思路:1. 第一空后举例极端天气,属于气候变化的负面效应,故选negative;2. 第二空AI和机器人会替代传统工作,导致其消失,故选disappear;3. 第三空“used to(过去)”与后文转折(现在说会普及)对应,过去飞行汽车看似不可能,故选impossible;4. 第四空自然资源耗尽,干净水和新鲜空气作为资源会更有价值,故选valuable;5. 第五空前文是“认为(同意)”,后文转折是“不同意”,故选disagree。
【解析】1. 由“like extreme weather(比如极端天气)”可知,此处指气候变化的负面效应,故填negative;2. 人工智能和机器人会替代传统工作,导致其消失,故填disappear;3. “used to(过去)”与后文“but some companies say they can become common(但一些公司称2050年会普及)”形成转折,说明过去飞行汽车看似不可能,故填impossible;4. 随着自然资源耗尽,干净水和新鲜空气这类资源会更有价值,故填valuable;5. 前文是“有些人认为人类很快能住火星”,后文转折是“其他人不同意”,故填disagree。
【答案】1. negative
2. disappear
3. impossible
4. valuable
5. disagree
【知识点】英语词汇辨析,语境选词填空,形容词与动词词义
【点评】本题考察基础英语词汇的语境运用,结合句子逻辑和词义即可轻松选出,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.8
Ⅲ. 用方框内单词或短语的适当形式补全短文。
accept public health system depend on medical
The Future of Health Care
In the year 2040, the 1.
public health system
will change completely. Advanced technology like AI doctors and smart hospitals will become common. For example, if you get sick, a 2.
medical
AI robot will quickly scan your body and send the data to the nearest hospital. However, not everyone 3.
will accept
these changes in the future. Some people may worry that robots can't understand human feelings. But scientists say the new system will 4.
depend on
both machines and human doctors working together. This teamwork will make health care faster and safer. The industry of medicine will also grow rapidly. Companies will create new tools that fight diseases inside our bodies. With these inventions, curing cancer or repairing broken bones might become as simple as taking a pill!
What do you think? Will future health care be better or riskier?

答案

1. public health system
2. medical
3. will accept
4. depend on

解析

【分析】首先通读短文,明确主题为未来医疗的变化,再结合每个空格的语境、词性及语法要求,匹配方框内的词汇并进行适当变形:1. 空格处需填名词短语,对应“未来医疗相关系统改变”的语境,选public health system;2. 空格修饰名词AI robot,需用形容词,选medical;3. 结合时间状语in the future,主语为everyone,需用一般将来时,accept变形为will accept;4. will后接动词原形,结合语义选depend on。
【解析】1. 结合短文主题,此处指公共卫生系统会彻底改变,故填public health system;2. 修饰AI robot需用形容词,medical符合“医疗AI机器人”的搭配,故填medical;3. 根据时间状语in the future,主语everyone为单数,用一般将来时,故填will accept;4. will后接动词原形,depend on表示“依赖”,符合语境,故填depend on。
【答案】1. public health system 2. medical 3. will accept 4. depend on
【知识点】词汇适当形式填空、形容词用法、一般将来时
【点评】本题考查词汇在语境中的运用,需结合上下文语义和语法规则(时态、词性)选择并变形词汇,难度适中,适合基础阶段学生巩固相关知识。
【难度系数】0.6