登录
B. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)(每题2分,6题,共12分)
Have you ever noticed how different a city feels when there are no cars around? In Amsterdam, the Dutch capital, this is becoming a reality. The city government has launched a plan to remove petrol-powered vehicles from the inner city step by step, making the streets cleaner and quieter.
Air pollution from vehicles has been a serious problem in Amsterdam for many years. Scientists have found that the harmful gases released by cars and motorbikes can damage people's lungs and increase the risk of illness. The city's narrow streets and canals make it even harder for the air to stay clean when traffic is heavy. In response, the government decided that bold action was needed.
The plan involves banning petrol and diesel(柴油) vehicles from the city centre by 2030. Instead, residents will be encouraged to use electric vehicles, cycle, or take public transport. The city has already built hundreds of kilometres of cycle paths, and more are being added. Some residents are supportive, saying the streets feel safer and more pleasant. Others, especially delivery companies, worry about the cost of switching to electric vehicles and how goods will be brought into the city.
Local experts believe that this plan will bring long-term benefits. Air quality will be improved;noise levels will drop, and the city will become a more enjoyable place to live. However,they also admit that change takes time. Not every problem will be solved overnight, and some businesses may face difficulties during the transition(过渡期). Still, Amsterdam's experience could serve as a model for other cities around the world that are looking for workable solutions to urban pollution.
(
A. Harmful gases are released by cars and motorbikes.
B. The city's canals and narrow streets trap polluted air.
C. Many residents prefer driving to cycling.
D. Heavy traffic makes it difficult for air to stay clean.
(
A. removing B. warning C. forbidding D. replacing
(
A. But they are too lazy to make any changes.
B. Because electric vehicles are faster than petrol ones.
C. And they are unsure how goods will reach the city centre.
D. So they have already stopped working in the inner city.
(
A. All businesses will benefit immediately.
B. Every pollution problem in the city will be solved quickly.
C. Noise levels in the city will go down.
D. Other cities will copy the plan exactly.
(
A. Amsterdam's residents B. local experts
C. delivery companies D. electric vehicles
(
A. Doubtful. B. Negative.
C. We don't know. D. Cautiously positive.
Have you ever noticed how different a city feels when there are no cars around? In Amsterdam, the Dutch capital, this is becoming a reality. The city government has launched a plan to remove petrol-powered vehicles from the inner city step by step, making the streets cleaner and quieter.
Air pollution from vehicles has been a serious problem in Amsterdam for many years. Scientists have found that the harmful gases released by cars and motorbikes can damage people's lungs and increase the risk of illness. The city's narrow streets and canals make it even harder for the air to stay clean when traffic is heavy. In response, the government decided that bold action was needed.
The plan involves banning petrol and diesel(柴油) vehicles from the city centre by 2030. Instead, residents will be encouraged to use electric vehicles, cycle, or take public transport. The city has already built hundreds of kilometres of cycle paths, and more are being added. Some residents are supportive, saying the streets feel safer and more pleasant. Others, especially delivery companies, worry about the cost of switching to electric vehicles and how goods will be brought into the city.
Local experts believe that this plan will bring long-term benefits. Air quality will be improved;noise levels will drop, and the city will become a more enjoyable place to live. However,
(
C
)51. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following does NOT explain why Amsterdam's air pollution is serious?A. Harmful gases are released by cars and motorbikes.
B. The city's canals and narrow streets trap polluted air.
C. Many residents prefer driving to cycling.
D. Heavy traffic makes it difficult for air to stay clean.
(
C
)52. The underlined word "banning" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to "C
".A. removing B. warning C. forbidding D. replacing
(
C
)53. Which of the following can be put in the blank if added after "Others, especially delivery companies, worry about the cost of switching to electric vehicles"?A. But they are too lazy to make any changes.
B. Because electric vehicles are faster than petrol ones.
C. And they are unsure how goods will reach the city centre.
D. So they have already stopped working in the inner city.
(
C
)54. According to the experts in Paragraph 4, which of the following will happen after the plan is carried out?A. All businesses will benefit immediately.
B. Every pollution problem in the city will be solved quickly.
C. Noise levels in the city will go down.
D. Other cities will copy the plan exactly.
(
B
)55. The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 4 refers to B
.A. Amsterdam's residents B. local experts
C. delivery companies D. electric vehicles
(
D
)56. What is the author's attitude towards Amsterdam's car-free plan?A. Doubtful. B. Negative.
C. We don't know. D. Cautiously positive.
答案
51. C 52. C 53. C 54. C 55. B 56. D
点拨:54题,第四段专家表示空气质量将改善、噪声水平将下降(noise levels will drop)、城市将变得更宜居,对应C项"城市噪声水平将下降"。A项"所有企业将立即受益"与"change takes time"矛盾;B项"所有污染问题将被迅速解决"与"not every problem will be solved overnight"矛盾;D项"其他城市将完全复制"与原文"serve as a model"(作为参考模型)表意不同,原文无"exactly"之意。
56题,作者既肯定了该计划的长期效益(空气改善、噪声下降、成为其他城市的参考),也客观指出了挑战(变化需要时间、部分企业面临困难),整体态度是"谨慎乐观"(cautiously positive),而非纯粹怀疑(A)、消极(B),也并非完全中立无法判断(C)。
点拨:54题,第四段专家表示空气质量将改善、噪声水平将下降(noise levels will drop)、城市将变得更宜居,对应C项"城市噪声水平将下降"。A项"所有企业将立即受益"与"change takes time"矛盾;B项"所有污染问题将被迅速解决"与"not every problem will be solved overnight"矛盾;D项"其他城市将完全复制"与原文"serve as a model"(作为参考模型)表意不同,原文无"exactly"之意。
56题,作者既肯定了该计划的长期效益(空气改善、噪声下降、成为其他城市的参考),也客观指出了挑战(变化需要时间、部分企业面临困难),整体态度是"谨慎乐观"(cautiously positive),而非纯粹怀疑(A)、消极(B),也并非完全中立无法判断(C)。
解析
【分析】
做此类阅读理解题，需先通读全文把握主旨（本文围绕阿姆斯特丹禁燃油车的环保计划展开），再针对每个题目回到原文对应段落定位关键信息，逐一对比选项与原文内容，排除无中生有、与原文矛盾的干扰项，选出最恰当的答案。
【解析】
51题：定位第二段，原文提到空气污染严重的原因包括：汽车和摩托释放有害气体（A项）、狭窄街道和运河阻碍空气清洁（B项）、交通拥堵使空气难净化（D项）；C项“居民更喜欢开车而非骑车”原文未提及，故选C。
52题：“banning”所在句意为“到2030年禁止市中心的汽油和柴油车辆”，结合语境，“banning”意为“禁止”，对应选项C（forbidding）。
53题：前文提到快递公司担忧换电动车的成本，后文应承接其另一担忧：不确定货物如何运到市中心，C项符合逻辑；A项“太懒不改变”、B项“电动车更快”、D项“已停止运营”均与语境不符，故选C。
54题：定位第四段专家观点，原文提到计划带来的好处包括空气质量改善、噪声水平下降（对应C项）；A项“所有企业立即受益”与“change takes time”矛盾，B项“所有污染问题快速解决”与“not every problem will be solved overnight”矛盾，D项“其他城市完全复制”与原文“serve as a model”不符，故选C。
55题：第四段前半句主语为“Local experts”，后半句“they”指代前文的“local experts”，故选B。
56题：作者既肯定计划的长期效益（改善空气、降低噪声、为其他城市提供参考），也客观指出存在的挑战（变化需时间、部分企业面临困难），态度为“谨慎乐观”，对应D项。
【答案】
51.C 52.C 53.C 54.C 55.B 56.D
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、词义猜测、作者态度判断
【点评】
本题为环保主题的阅读理解题，综合考查学生对文章细节的定位能力、词义猜测能力及作者态度的推断能力，需学生精准抓取原文关键信息，排除干扰项，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
做此类阅读理解题，需先通读全文把握主旨（本文围绕阿姆斯特丹禁燃油车的环保计划展开），再针对每个题目回到原文对应段落定位关键信息，逐一对比选项与原文内容，排除无中生有、与原文矛盾的干扰项，选出最恰当的答案。
【解析】
51题：定位第二段，原文提到空气污染严重的原因包括：汽车和摩托释放有害气体（A项）、狭窄街道和运河阻碍空气清洁（B项）、交通拥堵使空气难净化（D项）；C项“居民更喜欢开车而非骑车”原文未提及，故选C。
52题：“banning”所在句意为“到2030年禁止市中心的汽油和柴油车辆”，结合语境，“banning”意为“禁止”，对应选项C（forbidding）。
53题：前文提到快递公司担忧换电动车的成本，后文应承接其另一担忧：不确定货物如何运到市中心，C项符合逻辑；A项“太懒不改变”、B项“电动车更快”、D项“已停止运营”均与语境不符，故选C。
54题：定位第四段专家观点，原文提到计划带来的好处包括空气质量改善、噪声水平下降（对应C项）；A项“所有企业立即受益”与“change takes time”矛盾，B项“所有污染问题快速解决”与“not every problem will be solved overnight”矛盾，D项“其他城市完全复制”与原文“serve as a model”不符，故选C。
55题：第四段前半句主语为“Local experts”，后半句“they”指代前文的“local experts”，故选B。
56题：作者既肯定计划的长期效益（改善空气、降低噪声、为其他城市提供参考），也客观指出存在的挑战（变化需时间、部分企业面临困难），态度为“谨慎乐观”，对应D项。
【答案】
51.C 52.C 53.C 54.C 55.B 56.D
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、词义猜测、作者态度判断
【点评】
本题为环保主题的阅读理解题，综合考查学生对文章细节的定位能力、词义猜测能力及作者态度的推断能力，需学生精准抓取原文关键信息，排除干扰项，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
