一、词汇运用
A)根据语境,在横线处填写一个适当的词或用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The young athlete made a hard decision to drop of the competition because of his knee injury.
2. She is a good student that everyone in her class looks up her.
3. Zheng He's seven sea journeys are so (inspire) that many teenagers like him.
4. (chemist) is one of the most important subjects and we all like the experiments in the lab.
5. The firefighter is (brave) than any other person in our heart.
6. We can get a lot of (wise) from the ancient poems passed down from our country.
7. A new (discover) has been made by the scientists recently. It can help cure cancer.
8. The poor children in some areas are suffering from (hungry).
9. The (wound) soldier was saved by the kind doctor at last.
10. Over the past two (century), great changes have taken place in China.
11. After the war, the country focused on developing industries to rebuild the (national).
12. The good news (spread) around our school already.
13. The young man's strong will and hard work are really (admire).
14. It's necessary for teenagers to learn how (balance) their study and life well.

1. out
2. to
3. inspiring
4. Chemistry
5. braver
6. wisdom
7. discovery
8. hunger
9. wounded
10. centuries
11. nation
12. has spread
13. admirable
14. to balance

【分析】本题为英语词汇运用题，需根据语境、固定搭配或所给词的适当形式填空。解题思路：1. 无提示词的题目，回忆相关固定短语搭配（如动词+介词/副词的固定用法）；2. 有提示词的题目，先分析句子成分（如be动词后接形容词、介词后接名词、比较级需用形容词/副词的比较级、时间标志词对应时态、疑问词后接不定式等），再对提示词进行词性转换或形式变化。
【解析】1. 固定搭配drop out of意为“退出”，故填out；2. 固定搭配look up to sb意为“尊敬某人”，故填to；3. so后需接形容词修饰主语journeys（事物），inspire的形容词形式为inspiring（令人鼓舞的），故填inspiring；4. 此处指学科“化学”，chemist意为“化学家”，学科名词为Chemistry，故填Chemistry；5. 句中出现than，需用形容词比较级，brave的比较级为braver，故填braver；6. a lot of后接名词，wise的名词形式为wisdom（智慧），故填wisdom；7. a new后接名词，discover的名词形式为discovery（发现），故填discovery；8. suffer from后接名词，hungry的名词形式为hunger（饥饿），故填hunger；9. 修饰名词soldier需用形容词，wound的形容词形式为wounded（受伤的），故填wounded；10. two后接可数名词复数，century的复数形式为centuries，故填centuries；11. rebuild后需接名词，national的名词形式为nation（国家），故填nation；12. 时间标志词already对应现在完成时，主语news为不可数名词，故填has spread；13. be动词后接形容词，admire的形容词形式为admirable（令人钦佩的），故填admirable；14. 此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，故填to balance。
【答案】1. out；2. to；3. inspiring；4. Chemistry；5. braver；6. wisdom；7. discovery；8. hunger；9. wounded；10. centuries；11. nation；12. has spread；13. admirable；14. to balance
【知识点】固定搭配、词性转换、时态
【点评】本题考查英语基础词汇的运用，涵盖固定短语搭配、词性转换、时态等核心考点，题型常规，侧重学生对基础词汇的掌握与灵活运用，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.7

B)根据语境，从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空。
airport; disease; pioneer; courage;
calendar; physicist
1. According to the Chinese lunar , the Spring Festival falls on the first day of the first lunar month.
2. After checking all the things, we set off for the to take the plane.
3. The doctor spent years studying the spread of the and finally found a way to stop it.
4. As one of the greatest in the field of space exploration, Qian Xuesen led China's first rocket project.
5. It takes great to face your mistakes and say "I'm sorry".
6. Marie Curie, a famous , once said, "Nothing in life is to be feared; it is only to be understood."

1. calendar
2. airport
3. disease
4. pioneers
5. courage
6. physicist

【分析】
本题为选词填空题，解题思路如下：1. 通读每个句子，明确句子的语境和所需词汇的词义；2. 分析每个空缺处的词性、数等语法要求；3. 从方框给出的单词（airport; disease; pioneer; courage; calendar; physicist）中匹配合适的单词，注意形式变化（如“one of”后需接可数名词复数）。
【解析】
1. 句意：根据中国农历______，春节在正月初一。“lunar calendar”是固定搭配，意为“农历”，故填calendar。
2. 句意：检查完所有东西后，我们出发去______坐飞机。坐飞机需要前往机场，故填airport。
3. 句意：医生花了多年研究______的传播，最终找到阻止方法。医生研究的是疾病的传播，故填disease。
4. 句意：作为太空探索领域最伟大的______之一，钱学森领导了中国首个火箭项目。“one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，pioneer的复数为pioneers，故填pioneers。
5. 句意：面对错误说“对不起”需要极大的______。此处需名词，courage意为“勇气”，符合句意，故填courage。
6. 句意：居里夫人，著名的______，说过那句话。居里夫人是物理学家，故填physicist。
【答案】
1. calendar
2. airport
3. disease
4. pioneers
5. courage
6. physicist
【知识点】
选词填空；名词的适当形式
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题，考查词汇词义理解及名词形式的运用，涉及“one of”的固定搭配，难度较低，学生只要掌握方框内单词的含义及基本语法规则即可完成。
【难度系数】
0.3

二、情境运用

1. A: What do you think of Marie Curie?
B: .
(结合本单元的语法句式及关键词 amazing 作答)
2. A: ?
B: I admire Yuan Longping the most.
3. A: Who is Sima Qian?
B: .

1. It was amazing of her to win two Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry
2. Who do you admire the most
3. He is a great historian

【分析】
本题考查英语日常交际用语及特定语法句式的运用，需结合插图信息、对话逻辑和要求的关键词补全对话。第1题要结合居里夫人获两项诺贝尔奖的事实，用关键词amazing表达看法；第2题根据答句内容补全询问最敬佩人物的问句；第3题结合插图信息回答司马迁的身份。
【解析】
1. 结合插图中居里夫人获得诺贝尔物理学奖和化学奖的信息，使用要求的关键词amazing，套用“It is + adj + of sb to do sth”句式，表达对居里夫人的看法，即It was amazing of her to win two Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry。
2. 根据答句“I admire Yuan Longping the most”，可知问句是询问“你最敬佩谁”，对应的英文表达为Who do you admire the most。
3. 根据问句“Who is Sima Qian?”，结合插图中“司马迁——一位伟大的历史学家”的信息，作答为He is a great historian。
【答案】
1. It was amazing of her to win two Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry
2. Who do you admire the most
3. He is a great historian
【知识点】
日常交际用语；特殊疑问句；固定句式
【点评】
本题结合情境插图考查英语日常对话补全，需准确理解对话逻辑、结合提示信息及语法句式完成作答，注重语言的实际运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.5