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Ⅳ. 阅读理解
Peng Shilu was born in a family of heroes in Haifeng, Guangdong in 1925.
When he was less than five years old, his
parents died. The young boy was taken care of and protected by the poor, and he moved between different families and lived a difficult life. The people’s kindness influenced him deeply at his early age.
In 1940, Peng Shilu was taken to Chong-qing. Later, with the help of the CPC（中国共产党）, he went to study in Yan’an. In 1951, he went abroad to learn chemical engineering. When he completed his studies, he got an excellent grade.
In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, “Are you willing to change your research field?” “Of course, as long as the motherland has a need!”
With the strong belief（信念）, Peng Shilu began to study nuclear power（核能） at once. In the early 1960s, China’s development of nuclear submarines（核潜艇） was almost a “blank”. Peng Shilu and other scientists were learning, exploring and practising. In 1970, China’s first nuclear submarine was built. In 1974, China became the fifth country in the world to have a nuclear submarine.
Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. “I have only done two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations,” said Peng Shilu.
He died on March 22, 2021, at the age of 96. As a pioneer in nuclear power, he is remembered by the people and the country. On March 3,2022, he was named “Touching China’s Figure of the Year 2021”.
1. What influenced Peng Shilu deeply at his early age?
A. The family’s care.
B. The scientists’ spirit.
C. The teachers’ words.
D. The people’s kindness.
2. Why did Peng Shilu change his research field?
A. Because his interest changed.
B. Because his country was in need.
C. Because he wanted to be famous.
D. Because he liked trying different things.
3. When was China’s first nuclear submarine built?
A. In 1970.
B. In 1956.
C. In 1940.
D. In 1974.
4. Which of the following best describes Peng Shilu?
A. Kind and clever.
B. Honest and polite.
C. Humorous and strict.
D. Hard-working and selfless.
5. What’s the best title for the text?
A. A Pioneer in Nuclear Power
B. A Suggestion for Further Study
C. A Study on the History of the CPC
D. A Strong Belief for Nuclear Power
Peng Shilu was born in a family of heroes in Haifeng, Guangdong in 1925.
When he was less than five years old, his
parents died. The young boy was taken care of and protected by the poor, and he moved between different families and lived a difficult life. The people’s kindness influenced him deeply at his early age.
In 1940, Peng Shilu was taken to Chong-qing. Later, with the help of the CPC（中国共产党）, he went to study in Yan’an. In 1951, he went abroad to learn chemical engineering. When he completed his studies, he got an excellent grade.
In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, “Are you willing to change your research field?” “Of course, as long as the motherland has a need!”
With the strong belief（信念）, Peng Shilu began to study nuclear power（核能） at once. In the early 1960s, China’s development of nuclear submarines（核潜艇） was almost a “blank”. Peng Shilu and other scientists were learning, exploring and practising. In 1970, China’s first nuclear submarine was built. In 1974, China became the fifth country in the world to have a nuclear submarine.
Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. “I have only done two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations,” said Peng Shilu.
He died on March 22, 2021, at the age of 96. As a pioneer in nuclear power, he is remembered by the people and the country. On March 3,2022, he was named “Touching China’s Figure of the Year 2021”.
1. What influenced Peng Shilu deeply at his early age?
A. The family’s care.
B. The scientists’ spirit.
C. The teachers’ words.
D. The people’s kindness.
2. Why did Peng Shilu change his research field?
A. Because his interest changed.
B. Because his country was in need.
C. Because he wanted to be famous.
D. Because he liked trying different things.
3. When was China’s first nuclear submarine built?
A. In 1970.
B. In 1956.
C. In 1940.
D. In 1974.
4. Which of the following best describes Peng Shilu?
A. Kind and clever.
B. Honest and polite.
C. Humorous and strict.
D. Hard-working and selfless.
5. What’s the best title for the text?
A. A Pioneer in Nuclear Power
B. A Suggestion for Further Study
C. A Study on the History of the CPC
D. A Strong Belief for Nuclear Power
答案
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A
解析
【分析】做此类阅读理解题，需先通读原文把握大意，再针对每个题目定位原文对应内容，逐一核对选项：1题定位早期影响彭士禄的因素；2题定位他改变研究领域的原因；3题定位中国第一艘核潜艇的建造时间；4题通过原文描述判断人物品质；5题总结全文主旨选择最佳标题。
【解析】1. 根据原文第二段最后一句“The people’s kindness influenced him deeply at his early age.”，可知答案为D；2. 根据原文第四段彭士禄的回答“Of course, as long as the motherland has a need!”，可知他因祖国需要改变研究领域，答案为B；3. 根据原文第五段“In 1970, China’s first nuclear submarine was built.”，可知答案为A；4. 根据原文第六段“Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power.”，可知他勤奋且无私，答案为D；5. 全文围绕彭士禄作为核能领域先驱的事迹展开，最佳标题为A。
【答案】1.D 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.A
【知识点】阅读理解细节题、主旨大意题、推理判断题
【点评】本题为人物传记类阅读理解，主要考查学生提取原文信息、理解主旨和判断人物品质的能力，题目设置基础，贴合初中英语阅读考点。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 根据原文第二段最后一句“The people’s kindness influenced him deeply at his early age.”，可知答案为D；2. 根据原文第四段彭士禄的回答“Of course, as long as the motherland has a need!”，可知他因祖国需要改变研究领域，答案为B；3. 根据原文第五段“In 1970, China’s first nuclear submarine was built.”，可知答案为A；4. 根据原文第六段“Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power.”，可知他勤奋且无私，答案为D；5. 全文围绕彭士禄作为核能领域先驱的事迹展开，最佳标题为A。
【答案】1.D 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.A
【知识点】阅读理解细节题、主旨大意题、推理判断题
【点评】本题为人物传记类阅读理解，主要考查学生提取原文信息、理解主旨和判断人物品质的能力，题目设置基础，贴合初中英语阅读考点。
【难度系数】0.6
