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四、(2025·南京市秦淮区期末)阅读理解。
Adventures take place not only in the real world，but also in the fantasy world. The following is one of them.
Nils hung onto Morten's neck as the tired goose(鹅) landed on a small rocky land. The other geese around were angry because they found a human among them. “Go away!” cried a young goose. “People always hurt us!”
Akka，the elder leader(首领)，stopped them with a raised wing. “Remember how he saved us from that fox twice today?” She looked at Nils，who looked very cold in his wet clothes. “Why did you save us，boy?”
“I... I was a bad boy，” Nils said in a low voice，thinking of his past unkind acts.
At this，Akka's face became soft. “Then hear this，all flock! Now he is not bad Nils，but Little Thumb—our friend!” The geese made loud sounds—some happy，some still worried—till Akka waved her wings. “Our rule：If someone saves us，he or she will become our family!”
One by one，the geese touched Nils' arm with their wings，making him feel surprisingly warm. The smallest goose even gave him a green plant—their symbol of shared meals.
Morning came with their first difficult task：crossing the open sea. “Stay low!” Akka said in the strong wind. Nils now travelled with his goose friend Morten and learnt how birds move in such strong wind. When huge waves made them wet，he didn't cry but laughed like the young geese—making Akka smile proudly.
That evening，as the geese cleaned themselves，Nils noticed some unusual sounds in the woods. Without thinking，he made a perfect alarm-cry(警报叫声)—a sound he learnt just by listening. The geese took wing right away，running away from the fox.
“You see?” Akka told the worried geese. “He has good hearing，and he learns well!” She let Nils stay under her wing like a baby goose. Above them，the Northern Lights danced—nature's celebration of their new friendship(友谊).
1. What can we know about Nils?
A. He was always popular among the geese.
B. He saved the geese from a dog twice yesterday.
C. He travelled with the geese together to cross the open sea.
D. He kept quiet when he noticed unusual sounds in the woods.
2. 新考法 事件排序 Which is the CORRECT order(顺序) of the scenes in the story?
A. a-d-b-c
B. a-d-c-b
C. d-a-c-b
D. d-c-b-a
3. The writer uses the punctuation mark “!” many times in the story to
A. make readers feel surprised
B. make the sentences look important
C. show several strange parts of the story
D. express the characters' strong feelings
4. What is the story mainly about?
A. The difficult task of flying in strong wind and bad weather.
B. The importance of following rules and traditions in a group.
C. The dangers geese meet in the face of humans and other animals.
D. The beginning of a special friendship between a boy and some geese.
Adventures take place not only in the real world，but also in the fantasy world. The following is one of them.
Nils hung onto Morten's neck as the tired goose(鹅) landed on a small rocky land. The other geese around were angry because they found a human among them. “Go away!” cried a young goose. “People always hurt us!”
Akka，the elder leader(首领)，stopped them with a raised wing. “Remember how he saved us from that fox twice today?” She looked at Nils，who looked very cold in his wet clothes. “Why did you save us，boy?”
“I... I was a bad boy，” Nils said in a low voice，thinking of his past unkind acts.
At this，Akka's face became soft. “Then hear this，all flock! Now he is not bad Nils，but Little Thumb—our friend!” The geese made loud sounds—some happy，some still worried—till Akka waved her wings. “Our rule：If someone saves us，he or she will become our family!”
One by one，the geese touched Nils' arm with their wings，making him feel surprisingly warm. The smallest goose even gave him a green plant—their symbol of shared meals.
Morning came with their first difficult task：crossing the open sea. “Stay low!” Akka said in the strong wind. Nils now travelled with his goose friend Morten and learnt how birds move in such strong wind. When huge waves made them wet，he didn't cry but laughed like the young geese—making Akka smile proudly.
That evening，as the geese cleaned themselves，Nils noticed some unusual sounds in the woods. Without thinking，he made a perfect alarm-cry(警报叫声)—a sound he learnt just by listening. The geese took wing right away，running away from the fox.
“You see?” Akka told the worried geese. “He has good hearing，and he learns well!” She let Nils stay under her wing like a baby goose. Above them，the Northern Lights danced—nature's celebration of their new friendship(友谊).
1. What can we know about Nils?
A. He was always popular among the geese.
B. He saved the geese from a dog twice yesterday.
C. He travelled with the geese together to cross the open sea.
D. He kept quiet when he noticed unusual sounds in the woods.
2. 新考法 事件排序 Which is the CORRECT order(顺序) of the scenes in the story?
A. a-d-b-c
B. a-d-c-b
C. d-a-c-b
D. d-c-b-a
3. The writer uses the punctuation mark “!” many times in the story to
D
.A. make readers feel surprised
B. make the sentences look important
C. show several strange parts of the story
D. express the characters' strong feelings
4. What is the story mainly about?
A. The difficult task of flying in strong wind and bad weather.
B. The importance of following rules and traditions in a group.
C. The dangers geese meet in the face of humans and other animals.
D. The beginning of a special friendship between a boy and some geese.
答案
1. C
2. B 【解析】通读全文可知，正确的顺序为：全身湿漉漉的Nils抱着Morten的脖子，随着Morten一同着陆(a)，之后鹅群接纳了Nils，它们上前抚摸Nils，其中一只小鹅还送上一棵绿植(d)；第二天早上，Nils和鹅群一起飞越开阔的海域(c)，当晚，Nils注意到树丛中有奇怪的声音，他发出警报来提醒鹅群，使鹅群逃离狐狸的捕猎(b)。
3. D 【解析】根据文中“Go away!”“People always hurt us!”“Then hear this, all flock! Now he is not bad Nils, but Little Thumb-our friend!”和“Stay low!”等句子可知，作者多次在文中使用感叹号是为了表达角色的强烈情感，如愤怒、惊讶、命令等。
4. D
2. B 【解析】通读全文可知，正确的顺序为：全身湿漉漉的Nils抱着Morten的脖子，随着Morten一同着陆(a)，之后鹅群接纳了Nils，它们上前抚摸Nils，其中一只小鹅还送上一棵绿植(d)；第二天早上，Nils和鹅群一起飞越开阔的海域(c)，当晚，Nils注意到树丛中有奇怪的声音，他发出警报来提醒鹅群，使鹅群逃离狐狸的捕猎(b)。
3. D 【解析】根据文中“Go away!”“People always hurt us!”“Then hear this, all flock! Now he is not bad Nils, but Little Thumb-our friend!”和“Stay low!”等句子可知，作者多次在文中使用感叹号是为了表达角色的强烈情感，如愤怒、惊讶、命令等。
4. D
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题是细节理解题，解题思路为逐个对照选项与原文内容，通过原文信息排除错误表述，锁定符合原文的选项：
A选项：原文开头显示鹅群因发现人类而愤怒，说明Nils最初不受欢迎，A错误；
B选项：原文提到是从狐狸手中救鹅，且时间是今天，并非狗和昨天，B错误；
C选项：原文明确描述Nils和鹅群一同穿越开阔海域，符合原文内容；
D选项：原文中Nils听到异常声音后发出了警报叫声，并非保持安静，D错误。
2. 第2题是事件排序题，解题思路为先明确每幅插图对应的情节，再结合原文时间线梳理顺序：
图a对应Nils抱着鹅着陆，是故事开篇情节；
图d对应鹅群接纳Nils，小鹅送绿植，是Akka宣布接纳Nils后的情节；
图c对应Nils和鹅群飞越海域，是第二天早上的任务；
图b对应Nils发现狐狸并发出警报，是当晚的情节，据此确定顺序。
3. 第3题是标点作用题，解题思路为分析文中带感叹号的句子，体会角色情绪，判断感叹号的作用：文中感叹号出现在鹅的愤怒呼喊、Akka的命令与宣布等语句中，用于传递强烈情绪。
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，解题思路为梳理全文内容，抓住核心线索：全文围绕Nils从被鹅群排斥到成为朋友，最终建立特殊友谊的过程展开，核心是男孩与鹅群的友谊。
【解析】
1. 第1题：
A选项：根据原文第一段“The other geese around were angry because they found a human among them.”可知，Nils一开始不受鹅群欢迎，A错误；
B选项：根据原文第二段“Remember how he saved us from that fox twice today?”可知，是从狐狸手中救鹅，时间是今天，并非狗和昨天，B错误；
C选项：根据原文第七段“Morning came with their first difficult task：crossing the open sea...Nils now travelled with his goose friend Morten...”可知，Nils和鹅群一起穿越开阔海域，C正确；
D选项：根据原文第八段“Without thinking，he made a perfect alarm-cry(警报叫声)”可知，他没有保持安静，D错误。故选C。
2. 第2题：
根据原文情节发展：首先是Nils抱着鹅Morten着陆（图a），之后Akka宣布接纳Nils，鹅群上前接触他，小鹅送绿植（图d）；第二天早上，Nils和鹅群一起飞越开阔海域（图c）；当晚，Nils听到树丛里的异常声音，发出警报让鹅群躲开狐狸（图b）。正确顺序是a-d-c-b，故选B。
3. 第3题：
文中“Go away!”“People always hurt us!”体现鹅的愤怒；“Then hear this, all flock! Now he is not bad Nils，but Little Thumb—our friend!”体现Akka的郑重与喜悦；“Stay low!”体现Akka的命令，这些感叹号都是用来表达角色的强烈情感，故选D。
4. 第4题：
全文讲述了Nils从被鹅群敌视，因救鹅群被接纳，之后和鹅群一同冒险，最终建立特殊友谊的故事，核心是男孩与鹅群特殊友谊的开端，故选D。
【答案】
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. D
【知识点】
细节理解、事件排序、主旨大意
【点评】
本文以奇幻冒险故事为载体，涵盖多种阅读理解题型，既考查学生对细节信息的提取能力，又考验学生对情节逻辑的梳理和主旨的概括能力。其中事件排序结合插图，增强了题目的直观性，能有效检测学生对故事脉络的把握，整体题目设置贴合学生阅读水平，兼具趣味性与考查性。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题是细节理解题，解题思路为逐个对照选项与原文内容，通过原文信息排除错误表述，锁定符合原文的选项：
A选项：原文开头显示鹅群因发现人类而愤怒，说明Nils最初不受欢迎，A错误；
B选项：原文提到是从狐狸手中救鹅，且时间是今天，并非狗和昨天，B错误；
C选项：原文明确描述Nils和鹅群一同穿越开阔海域，符合原文内容；
D选项：原文中Nils听到异常声音后发出了警报叫声，并非保持安静，D错误。
2. 第2题是事件排序题，解题思路为先明确每幅插图对应的情节，再结合原文时间线梳理顺序：
图a对应Nils抱着鹅着陆，是故事开篇情节；
图d对应鹅群接纳Nils，小鹅送绿植，是Akka宣布接纳Nils后的情节；
图c对应Nils和鹅群飞越海域，是第二天早上的任务；
图b对应Nils发现狐狸并发出警报，是当晚的情节，据此确定顺序。
3. 第3题是标点作用题，解题思路为分析文中带感叹号的句子，体会角色情绪，判断感叹号的作用：文中感叹号出现在鹅的愤怒呼喊、Akka的命令与宣布等语句中，用于传递强烈情绪。
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，解题思路为梳理全文内容，抓住核心线索：全文围绕Nils从被鹅群排斥到成为朋友，最终建立特殊友谊的过程展开，核心是男孩与鹅群的友谊。
【解析】
1. 第1题：
A选项：根据原文第一段“The other geese around were angry because they found a human among them.”可知，Nils一开始不受鹅群欢迎，A错误；
B选项：根据原文第二段“Remember how he saved us from that fox twice today?”可知，是从狐狸手中救鹅，时间是今天，并非狗和昨天，B错误；
C选项：根据原文第七段“Morning came with their first difficult task：crossing the open sea...Nils now travelled with his goose friend Morten...”可知，Nils和鹅群一起穿越开阔海域，C正确；
D选项：根据原文第八段“Without thinking，he made a perfect alarm-cry(警报叫声)”可知，他没有保持安静，D错误。故选C。
2. 第2题：
根据原文情节发展：首先是Nils抱着鹅Morten着陆（图a），之后Akka宣布接纳Nils，鹅群上前接触他，小鹅送绿植（图d）；第二天早上，Nils和鹅群一起飞越开阔海域（图c）；当晚，Nils听到树丛里的异常声音，发出警报让鹅群躲开狐狸（图b）。正确顺序是a-d-c-b，故选B。
3. 第3题：
文中“Go away!”“People always hurt us!”体现鹅的愤怒；“Then hear this, all flock! Now he is not bad Nils，but Little Thumb—our friend!”体现Akka的郑重与喜悦；“Stay low!”体现Akka的命令，这些感叹号都是用来表达角色的强烈情感，故选D。
4. 第4题：
全文讲述了Nils从被鹅群敌视，因救鹅群被接纳，之后和鹅群一同冒险，最终建立特殊友谊的故事，核心是男孩与鹅群特殊友谊的开端，故选D。
【答案】
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. D
【知识点】
细节理解、事件排序、主旨大意
【点评】
本文以奇幻冒险故事为载体，涵盖多种阅读理解题型，既考查学生对细节信息的提取能力，又考验学生对情节逻辑的梳理和主旨的概括能力。其中事件排序结合插图，增强了题目的直观性，能有效检测学生对故事脉络的把握，整体题目设置贴合学生阅读水平，兼具趣味性与考查性。
【难度系数】
0.6
