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六、阅读表达(第 54 题 2 分，第 55 题 2 分，第 56 题 3 分，满分 7 分)
请认真阅读下面短文，回答短文后的问题。
Oceans make up about 71% of the earth's surface. They're important to the health of the earth and human beings. However, up to now, just 5% of the ocean has been explored (探索) and less than 10% has been mapped (绘制) using modern technology. If we can send satellites (卫星) millions of miles into space, then why has so little of the ocean been studied?
One reason is that the ocean is not as simple as it seems to be. We've always been able to study the ocean's surface. But we've only just started looking into the deep ocean within the past thirty years. Satellites have helped us study the ocean's surface. If we want to dig deeper, more advanced (高级) technology is needed. But when we reach the deep ocean about 200 metres or more below the ocean's surface, we will enter complete darkness. At these great depths, it's very dark and cold and the pressure (压力) is deadly.
As you can see, deep sea exploration is difficult. But there is still hope to learn more. Many organizations are making efforts in ocean exploration. “Scientists are supported (支持) to study unknown and little - known areas,” a spokesman from one organization said. It's hard to protect our ocean if we know so little about it. And there are many reasons why we should protect it. The main reason is that the ocean produces more than half of the world's oxygen.
54. How much of the ocean has been mapped up to now?
55. Why should we protect the ocean according to the passage?
56. What can you do to protect the ocean? (List at least 3 ways)
请认真阅读下面短文，回答短文后的问题。
Oceans make up about 71% of the earth's surface. They're important to the health of the earth and human beings. However, up to now, just 5% of the ocean has been explored (探索) and less than 10% has been mapped (绘制) using modern technology. If we can send satellites (卫星) millions of miles into space, then why has so little of the ocean been studied?
One reason is that the ocean is not as simple as it seems to be. We've always been able to study the ocean's surface. But we've only just started looking into the deep ocean within the past thirty years. Satellites have helped us study the ocean's surface. If we want to dig deeper, more advanced (高级) technology is needed. But when we reach the deep ocean about 200 metres or more below the ocean's surface, we will enter complete darkness. At these great depths, it's very dark and cold and the pressure (压力) is deadly.
As you can see, deep sea exploration is difficult. But there is still hope to learn more. Many organizations are making efforts in ocean exploration. “Scientists are supported (支持) to study unknown and little - known areas,” a spokesman from one organization said. It's hard to protect our ocean if we know so little about it. And there are many reasons why we should protect it. The main reason is that the ocean produces more than half of the world's oxygen.
54. How much of the ocean has been mapped up to now?
Less than 10%.
55. Why should we protect the ocean according to the passage?
Because the ocean produces more than half of the world's oxygen.
56. What can you do to protect the ocean? (List at least 3 ways)
I can take part in beach cleaning. I can help ocean protection groups by giving money to them. I can learn about the ocean and tell my friends how to protect it.
答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了人类对海洋知之甚少的原因。
54. Less than 10%。
55. Because the ocean produces more than half of the world's oxygen.
56. I can take part in beach cleaning. I can help ocean protection groups by giving money to them. I can learn about the ocean and tell my friends how to protect it.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
54. Less than 10%。
55. Because the ocean produces more than half of the world's oxygen.
56. I can take part in beach cleaning. I can help ocean protection groups by giving money to them. I can learn about the ocean and tell my friends how to protect it.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需先通读短文，再针对每个问题定位原文关键信息：第54题是细节查找题，需找关于海洋被绘制占比的表述；第55题是细节理解题，需找保护海洋的原因；第56题是开放表达题，结合实际列举合理的保护海洋的方式即可。
【解析】
54. 定位短文第一段“less than 10% has been mapped (绘制) using modern technology”，直接提取答案；
55. 定位短文第三段最后一句“The main reason is that the ocean produces more than half of the world's oxygen”，提取保护海洋的原因；
56. 结合日常保护海洋的实际行为，列举至少3种合理方式，符合要求即可。
【答案】
54. Less than 10%.
55. Because the ocean produces more than half of the world's oxygen.
56. I can take part in beach cleaning. I can help ocean protection groups by giving money to them. I can learn about the ocean and tell my friends how to protect it.
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、书面表达
【点评】
本题是初中英语常规阅读理解题，前两题侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的基础能力，难度较低；第三题为开放型题目，既考查语言运用能力，又渗透了海洋保护的环保意识，贴近生活实际。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语阅读理解题，需先通读短文，再针对每个问题定位原文关键信息：第54题是细节查找题，需找关于海洋被绘制占比的表述；第55题是细节理解题，需找保护海洋的原因；第56题是开放表达题，结合实际列举合理的保护海洋的方式即可。
【解析】
54. 定位短文第一段“less than 10% has been mapped (绘制) using modern technology”，直接提取答案；
55. 定位短文第三段最后一句“The main reason is that the ocean produces more than half of the world's oxygen”，提取保护海洋的原因；
56. 结合日常保护海洋的实际行为，列举至少3种合理方式，符合要求即可。
【答案】
54. Less than 10%.
55. Because the ocean produces more than half of the world's oxygen.
56. I can take part in beach cleaning. I can help ocean protection groups by giving money to them. I can learn about the ocean and tell my friends how to protect it.
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、书面表达
【点评】
本题是初中英语常规阅读理解题，前两题侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的基础能力，难度较低；第三题为开放型题目，既考查语言运用能力，又渗透了海洋保护的环保意识，贴近生活实际。
【难度系数】
0.7
七、书面表达(满分 25 分)
假如你是李华，你的美国笔友 Mary 听说中国地大物博、山川秀丽、风景迷人，因此暑假要来中国旅游。请你根据她的问题回复邮件。
提示问题：Which places of interest should I visit? How can I get there? What's it famous for? What can I do there?
要求：1. 内容应包含所有提示，可适当发挥；
2. 90 词左右。短文开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mary,
I'm happy to hear that you are coming to visit China.
I'm sure you will have a good time here. Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
假如你是李华，你的美国笔友 Mary 听说中国地大物博、山川秀丽、风景迷人，因此暑假要来中国旅游。请你根据她的问题回复邮件。
提示问题：Which places of interest should I visit? How can I get there? What's it famous for? What can I do there?
要求：1. 内容应包含所有提示，可适当发挥；
2. 90 词左右。短文开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mary,
I'm happy to hear that you are coming to visit China.
I'm sure you will have a good time here. Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
答案
One possible version:
Dear Mary,
I'm happy to hear that you are coming to visit China. Mount Huangshan is one of the most famous mountains in China. It lies in the south of Anhui Province. Every year, thousands of Chinese and foreigners pay a visit there. You can go there by train or by plane.
While climbing the mountain, you can enjoy the sea of clouds, beautiful pines and special rocks around you. What's more, in the early morning, when the sun rises, the sky looks beautiful. You will never forget the breathtaking view and fresh mountain air. It's really a nice place to visit.
I'm sure you will have a good time here. Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
Dear Mary,
I'm happy to hear that you are coming to visit China. Mount Huangshan is one of the most famous mountains in China. It lies in the south of Anhui Province. Every year, thousands of Chinese and foreigners pay a visit there. You can go there by train or by plane.
While climbing the mountain, you can enjoy the sea of clouds, beautiful pines and special rocks around you. What's more, in the early morning, when the sun rises, the sky looks beautiful. You will never forget the breathtaking view and fresh mountain air. It's really a nice place to visit.
I'm sure you will have a good time here. Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
解析
【分析】
本题要求以李华的身份给美国笔友Mary写回信，回应其暑假来中国旅游的相关问题，需覆盖所有提示要点（推荐景点、交通方式、景点特色、可参与的活动），词数约90词，开头结尾已给出。解题思路：1. 选取典型的中国景点（如黄山）作为推荐对象；2. 对应每个提示问题组织内容：说明景点位置、交通选择、核心特色景观、可进行的活动；3. 用连贯的英语句式串联内容，确保语言符合书信语气，控制词数。
【解析】
写作时，首先确定推荐景点为黄山，依次回应提示问题：①推荐地点：黄山是中国著名山脉，位于安徽省南部；②交通：可乘火车或飞机前往；③特色：拥有云海、奇松、怪石等景观，清晨日出景色绝美；④可做的事：爬山欣赏自然风光，呼吸新鲜空气。将上述内容用自然流畅的英语表达，补充到给定的开头与结尾之间，注意词数符合要求。
【答案】
One possible version:
Dear Mary,
I'm happy to hear that you are coming to visit China. Mount Huangshan is one of the most famous mountains in China. It lies in the south of Anhui Province. Every year, thousands of Chinese and foreigners pay a visit there. You can go there by train or by plane.
While climbing the mountain, you can enjoy the sea of clouds, beautiful pines and special rocks around you. What's more, in the early morning, when the sun rises, the sky looks beautiful. You will never forget the breathtaking view and fresh mountain air. It's really a nice place to visit.
I'm sure you will have a good time here. Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】
英语书信写作、旅游话题表达、提示性作文
【点评】
本题为初中英语常规的提示性书信写作题，围绕旅游话题展开，考查学生的英语综合运用能力，要求覆盖所有提示要点，语言通顺自然，符合书信语境，难度适中，能有效检验学生对基础词汇、句式的掌握情况。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题要求以李华的身份给美国笔友Mary写回信，回应其暑假来中国旅游的相关问题，需覆盖所有提示要点（推荐景点、交通方式、景点特色、可参与的活动），词数约90词，开头结尾已给出。解题思路：1. 选取典型的中国景点（如黄山）作为推荐对象；2. 对应每个提示问题组织内容：说明景点位置、交通选择、核心特色景观、可进行的活动；3. 用连贯的英语句式串联内容，确保语言符合书信语气，控制词数。
【解析】
写作时，首先确定推荐景点为黄山，依次回应提示问题：①推荐地点：黄山是中国著名山脉，位于安徽省南部；②交通：可乘火车或飞机前往；③特色：拥有云海、奇松、怪石等景观，清晨日出景色绝美；④可做的事：爬山欣赏自然风光，呼吸新鲜空气。将上述内容用自然流畅的英语表达，补充到给定的开头与结尾之间，注意词数符合要求。
【答案】
One possible version:
Dear Mary,
I'm happy to hear that you are coming to visit China. Mount Huangshan is one of the most famous mountains in China. It lies in the south of Anhui Province. Every year, thousands of Chinese and foreigners pay a visit there. You can go there by train or by plane.
While climbing the mountain, you can enjoy the sea of clouds, beautiful pines and special rocks around you. What's more, in the early morning, when the sun rises, the sky looks beautiful. You will never forget the breathtaking view and fresh mountain air. It's really a nice place to visit.
I'm sure you will have a good time here. Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】
英语书信写作、旅游话题表达、提示性作文
【点评】
本题为初中英语常规的提示性书信写作题，围绕旅游话题展开，考查学生的英语综合运用能力，要求覆盖所有提示要点，语言通顺自然，符合书信语境，难度适中，能有效检验学生对基础词汇、句式的掌握情况。
【难度系数】
0.5
