五、词汇运用。(每小题2分,共10分)
1. With a strong (意志), he was able to overcome difficulties and achieve success.
2. (2025·苏州)Why not finish the task today instead of waiting u tomorrow?
3. (2025·四川成都)Because of the archaeological(考古的) efforts over recent years, a lot of a have been made in the study of China's history.
4. The development of human society depends on not only people's (science) knowledge but also their creative spirit.
5. Last month, Shuyin (compete) in her first horse-riding competition. She was the youngest competitor but tried her best.

五、1. will 2. until 3. achievements
4. scientific 5. competed

【分析】
本题为词汇运用题，需结合词性、固定搭配、时态等知识解题：1. 形容词strong后需接名词，对应“意志”的英文名词will；2. 考查固定搭配wait until（等到……），结合语境填until；3. a lot of后接可数名词复数，结合考古语境填achievements（成就）；4. 修饰名词knowledge需用形容词，science的形容词形式为scientific；5. 时间状语last month表过去，动词用一般过去式，compete的过去式为competed。
【解析】
1. 空格前有形容词strong，需填名词，“意志”的英文名词是will，故填will；
2. 固定搭配wait until意为“等到……”，符合“不要等到明天”的语境，故填until；
3. a lot of后接可数名词复数，结合考古努力的语境，achievements（成就）符合语义，故填achievements；
4. 此处修饰名词knowledge，需用形容词，science的形容词形式为scientific，故填scientific；
5. 由时间状语last month可知，句子为一般过去时，compete的过去式是competed，故填competed。
【答案】
1. will 2. until 3. achievements 4. scientific 5. competed
【知识点】
名词的用法、形容词的用法、动词的时态
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇运用，涉及词性转换、固定搭配、动词时态等核心知识点，侧重考查学生对基础词汇的掌握及灵活运用能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

六、信息还原。（每小题2分，共10分）
新素养 自主发展 Many of us are taught from an early age to learn from our mistakes. 1 The short answer is “yes” and failure can teach us something. But learning from our mistakes is, in fact, very hard because we don't like to fail. 2 For example, we may give up a job easily, telling ourselves we don't care whether we succeed, or finding mistakes with the job itself.
This is self-protection, according to a professor at the Norwegian School of Economics. Most of us want to think of ourselves as excellent, so failure may be bad for our self-confidence.
Luckily, studies suggest that there are some methods of helping us deal with the bad feelings around failure.
3 Instead of asking “Why did I fail?”, we could ask “Why did Sam fail?”, for example. Many studies show that using a third-person perspective helps to reduce our bad feelings. It allows us to look at failure more positively.
The second method is to offer advice to others who may be in the same situation. 4 Both adults and children were asked to give advice based on their own failures. Professors found that helping others could help people understand their experience and what they had learnt.
5 But it now seems that we should be saying, “Failure again. Fail more wisely.” Failure can't be avoided in life. However, we may find the road to success easily by learning.
A. But is this actually true?
B. A famous writer once said, “Fail again. Fail better.”
C. Why is it so important for us to learn from mistakes?
D. One of them is to use a third-person perspective.
E. This method led to better levels of success in the test groups.
F. It doesn't feel good, so we respond to failure in emotional ways.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

六、1—5 AFDEB

【分析】
本题为英语信息还原题，解题思路如下：1. 通读全文把握主旨（围绕“从失败中学习的方法”展开）；2. 逐个分析空格前后语境，结合逻辑关系（问答、举例、指代、呼应等）匹配选项：第1空需衔接前文观点与后文答语“yes”，选对应问句；第2空需承接“不喜欢失败”引出情绪化回应的举例；第3空需对应后文“第三人称视角”的方法；第4空需承接“给他人提建议”的方法对应研究结果；第5空需呼应后文的名言表述。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文提到“从小被教从错误中学习”，后文答语为“yes”，说明空格处是一般疑问句，A选项“But is this actually true?”符合逻辑，故填A。
2. 第2空：前文指出“从错误中学习很难因为不喜欢失败”，后文举例说明人们会放弃并找借口，F选项“It doesn't feel good, so we respond to failure in emotional ways.”承接“不喜欢失败”，引出后文的情绪化回应举例，故填F。
3. 第3空：前文提到“有应对失败的方法”，后文说明具体方法是“用第三人称视角”，D选项“One of them is to use a third-person perspective.”对应后文的方法，故填D。
4. 第4空：前文说明第二个方法是“给同处境的人提建议”，后文提到研究发现帮助他人的作用，E选项“This method led to better levels of success in the test groups.”承接方法，对应研究结果，故填E。
5. 第5空：后文提到“现在应该说‘Failure again. Fail more wisely.’”，B选项“A famous writer once said, “Fail again. Fail better.””与后文句子呼应，故填B。
【答案】
AFDEB
【知识点】
英语信息还原；语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题考查英语语篇的逻辑理解与衔接能力，需结合上下文语境、问答关系、指代呼应等匹配选项，是初中英语常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7