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六、 新情境题 商业航天＞ 阅读理解 主题:人与自我——职业与梦想 学科素养:语言能力 词数:约290 建议用时:8分钟
Many of us dreamed of being astronauts (宇航员) when we were kids. However, only a small number of people can realize this dream. But does that mean you'll never get the chance to work in space? Not exactly.
In fact, some space-related jobs aren't just for astronauts and they all sound really amazing. One of the most interesting space jobs is "chief sniffer (嗅探员)". NASA has already had a sniffer named George Aldrich, whose job is to smell materials before they are used in spaceships. Using your nose at work might sound a bit strange, but actually the job is very important. A spaceship has a small space and high temperature, which makes smells inside intense. And once a spaceship is sent, astronauts cannot run away from unpleasant smells. What's more, smelling objects can help find things that might be harmful to astronauts' health.
Another job, the "space tour guide", may seem a little ahead of its time—after all, there aren't any tourists in space yet. But now, many companies are starting to provide space travel services and some rich space lovers have booked the tours. It may not be long before space becomes one of the top travel places. Being a space tour guide requires rich knowledge to help passengers get the most from their journey. Space tour guides also have to be great storytellers so that passengers can experience the real beauty of space travel.
Astronauts often stay in space with the same group of people for a long time. That's why a "space psychologist (心理学家)" is also needed to help astronauts overcome bad feelings.
"We're breaking the boundaries (界限) between science fiction and real life," said Rohit Talwar, director of the US company Fast Future Research. "Things we've seen in movies are now coming true!"
（
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
（
A. To design spaceships for astronauts.
B. To check the temperature inside spaceships.
C. To train astronauts to get used to smells in space.
D. To smell materials before they are used in spaceships.
（
A. Weak. B. Strong. C. Strange. D. Pleasant.
（
A. Because astronauts often feel lonely in space.
B. Because astronauts need psychological knowledge.
C. Because staying long with the same group may cause bad feelings.
D. Because space psychologists can help astronauts book space tours.
（
A. To introduce different space jobs besides astronauts.
B. To describe the hard life of people working in space.
C. To show the importance of space travel for tourists.
D. To explain how to become a successful space astronaut.
Many of us dreamed of being astronauts (宇航员) when we were kids. However, only a small number of people can realize this dream. But does that mean you'll never get the chance to work in space? Not exactly.
In fact, some space-related jobs aren't just for astronauts and they all sound really amazing. One of the most interesting space jobs is "chief sniffer (嗅探员)". NASA has already had a sniffer named George Aldrich, whose job is to smell materials before they are used in spaceships. Using your nose at work might sound a bit strange, but actually the job is very important. A spaceship has a small space and high temperature, which makes smells inside intense. And once a spaceship is sent, astronauts cannot run away from unpleasant smells. What's more, smelling objects can help find things that might be harmful to astronauts' health.
Another job, the "space tour guide", may seem a little ahead of its time—after all, there aren't any tourists in space yet. But now, many companies are starting to provide space travel services and some rich space lovers have booked the tours. It may not be long before space becomes one of the top travel places. Being a space tour guide requires rich knowledge to help passengers get the most from their journey. Space tour guides also have to be great storytellers so that passengers can experience the real beauty of space travel.
Astronauts often stay in space with the same group of people for a long time. That's why a "space psychologist (心理学家)" is also needed to help astronauts overcome bad feelings.
"We're breaking the boundaries (界限) between science fiction and real life," said Rohit Talwar, director of the US company Fast Future Research. "Things we've seen in movies are now coming true!"
（
C
）1. How many space jobs are mentioned in the passage?A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
（
D
）2. What is the main duty of a "chief sniffer" at NASA?A. To design spaceships for astronauts.
B. To check the temperature inside spaceships.
C. To train astronauts to get used to smells in space.
D. To smell materials before they are used in spaceships.
（
B
）3. What does the underlined word "intense" mean in Paragraph 2?A. Weak. B. Strong. C. Strange. D. Pleasant.
（
C
）4. Why is a "space psychologist" necessary for astronauts?A. Because astronauts often feel lonely in space.
B. Because astronauts need psychological knowledge.
C. Because staying long with the same group may cause bad feelings.
D. Because space psychologists can help astronauts book space tours.
（
A
）5. What's the main purpose of the passage?A. To introduce different space jobs besides astronauts.
B. To describe the hard life of people working in space.
C. To show the importance of space travel for tourists.
D. To explain how to become a successful space astronaut.
答案
答案速查 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了除宇航员之外几种有趣的太空相关职业，包括首席嗅探员、太空导游和太空心理学家。
1. C【点拨】文中分别介绍了“chief sniffer”（第二段）、“space tour guide”（第三段）和“space psychologist”（第四段）三种太空职业。
2. D【点拨】第二段明确指出：“whose job is to smell materials before they are used in spaceships”，说明首席嗅探员的主要职责是在材料用于飞船前对其进行嗅探检测。
3. B【点拨】第二段提到“A spaceship has a small space and high temperature”，飞船空间小且温度高，结合上下文，这种环境会使气味变得浓烈，因此“intense”意为“强烈的”。
4. C【点拨】第四段明确指出：长时间与同一群人共处可能引发不良情绪，因此需要太空心理学家。
5. A【点拨】文章开篇指出并非只有宇航员才能从事太空相关工作，随后介绍了三种太空相关职业，因此主要目的是介绍除宇航员之外的其他太空职业。
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了除宇航员之外几种有趣的太空相关职业，包括首席嗅探员、太空导游和太空心理学家。
1. C【点拨】文中分别介绍了“chief sniffer”（第二段）、“space tour guide”（第三段）和“space psychologist”（第四段）三种太空职业。
2. D【点拨】第二段明确指出：“whose job is to smell materials before they are used in spaceships”，说明首席嗅探员的主要职责是在材料用于飞船前对其进行嗅探检测。
3. B【点拨】第二段提到“A spaceship has a small space and high temperature”，飞船空间小且温度高，结合上下文，这种环境会使气味变得浓烈，因此“intense”意为“强烈的”。
4. C【点拨】第四段明确指出：长时间与同一群人共处可能引发不良情绪，因此需要太空心理学家。
5. A【点拨】文章开篇指出并非只有宇航员才能从事太空相关工作，随后介绍了三种太空相关职业，因此主要目的是介绍除宇航员之外的其他太空职业。
解析
【分析】本题为太空职业主题的阅读理解选择题，共5题，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意三类题型。解题思路：先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每道题的题干关键词定位原文对应段落，结合原文内容分析选项，排除错误项后选出正确答案。
【解析】1. 细节理解题：定位原文第二段（首席嗅探员）、第三段（太空导游）、第四段（太空心理学家），共提及3种太空职业，故选C。2. 细节理解题：根据第二段“whose job is to smell materials before they are used in spaceships”，明确首席嗅探员的职责，对应选项D。3. 词义猜测题：由第二段“spaceship has a small space and high temperature”可知，飞船环境会使气味浓烈，intense意为“强烈的”，故选B。4. 细节理解题：根据第四段“astronauts often stay in space with the same group of people for a long time... help astronauts overcome bad feelings”，可知太空心理学家的必要性，对应选项C。5. 主旨大意题：文章开篇提出除宇航员外有太空相关工作，随后介绍三种职业，核心是介绍除宇航员外的太空职业，故选A。
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A
【知识点】阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】本题为新情境类阅读理解，围绕商业航天的太空职业展开，考查学生信息定位、词义推断及主旨归纳能力，贴近科技热点，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】1. 细节理解题：定位原文第二段（首席嗅探员）、第三段（太空导游）、第四段（太空心理学家），共提及3种太空职业，故选C。2. 细节理解题：根据第二段“whose job is to smell materials before they are used in spaceships”，明确首席嗅探员的职责，对应选项D。3. 词义猜测题：由第二段“spaceship has a small space and high temperature”可知，飞船环境会使气味浓烈，intense意为“强烈的”，故选B。4. 细节理解题：根据第四段“astronauts often stay in space with the same group of people for a long time... help astronauts overcome bad feelings”，可知太空心理学家的必要性，对应选项C。5. 主旨大意题：文章开篇提出除宇航员外有太空相关工作，随后介绍三种职业，核心是介绍除宇航员外的太空职业，故选A。
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A
【知识点】阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】本题为新情境类阅读理解，围绕商业航天的太空职业展开，考查学生信息定位、词义推断及主旨归纳能力，贴近科技热点，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.8
