Ⅰ. 分别从I栏和Ⅱ栏中选择合适的单词组成合成词。

1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.

1. businessman 2. sandstorm 3. greenhouse
4. farmland 5. railway 6. hometown

【分析】
要解决这道题，需明确英语合成词的构成规则：从Ⅰ栏和Ⅱ栏中各选取一个单词，组合成符合拼写和语义的正确合成词。解题时需逐一配对，结合已学的常见英语合成词知识，确保组合后的单词正确无误。
【解析】
1. Ⅰ栏的business（商业）与Ⅱ栏的man（人）组合成合成词businessman，意为“商人”；
2. Ⅰ栏的sand（沙）与Ⅱ栏的storm（风暴）组合成合成词sandstorm，意为“沙尘暴”；
3. Ⅰ栏的green（绿色的）与Ⅱ栏的house（房子）组合成合成词greenhouse，意为“温室”；
4. Ⅰ栏的farm（农场）与Ⅱ栏的land（土地）组合成合成词farmland，意为“农田”；
5. Ⅰ栏的rail（铁轨）与Ⅱ栏的way（道路）组合成合成词railway，意为“铁路”；
6. Ⅰ栏的home（家）与Ⅱ栏的town（城镇）组合成合成词hometown，意为“家乡”。
【答案】
1. businessman 2. sandstorm 3. greenhouse 4. farmland 5. railway 6. hometown
【知识点】
英语合成词
【点评】
本题考查常见英语合成词的构成，属于基础词汇题，只要掌握基础合成词的拼写即可完成，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅱ. 用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。
lead product flat support villager
1. Many now can cross the river easily because of the new bridge.
2. With from the government, their work became easier to carry out.
3. To always see our newest , visit our website or visit our stores.
4. Look! The teacher is the children across the road.
5. The Greens have moved into a new .

1. villagers 2. support 3. products 4. leading
5. flat

【分析】
解题思路：先通读每个句子理解句意，再结合方框内的单词，根据语法规则（名词单复数、动词时态、词性搭配）选择正确形式填空。具体步骤：1. 看到many确定需用可数名词复数，对应villager变形；2. 看到介词with确定后接名词，对应support；3. 结合“最新的”语境确定product用复数；4. 看到is判断为现在进行时，对应lead变现在分词；5. 看到a new确定后接可数名词单数，对应flat。
【解析】
1. 句中many修饰可数名词复数，方框内villager的复数形式为villagers，符合“许多村民”的语境，故填villagers；
2. 介词with后需接名词，support作名词意为“支持”，符合“在政府支持下”的语境，故填support；
3. 句意为“查看我们最新的产品”，product是可数名词，此处表泛指用复数products，故填products；
4. 由Look!可知是现在进行时，结构为“be+现在分词”，lead的现在分词是leading，意为“带领”，故填leading；
5. a new后接可数名词单数，flat是可数名词单数，意为“公寓”，符合语境，故填flat。
【答案】
1. villagers 2. support 3. products 4. leading 5. flat
【知识点】
名词单复数、现在进行时、介词用法
【点评】
本题为英语基础词汇运用题，主要考查单词的形式变化，结合语境和基础语法规则即可解答，难度较低，适合巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅲ. 根据中文意思完成英语句子。
1. 这条路过去很窄，现在又宽又干净。
The road used to ,
but now it is wide and clean.
2. 现在我的初中学校离我家更远了。
Now my
is farther from my home.
3. 我对自己的学习更有信心了，经常参加小组讨论。
I have become more confident in my
studies and often attend .
4. 这座桥使村民们过河方便了。
The bridge
for the villagers to cross the river.
5. 今天，塞罕坝被称为“绿色奇迹”。
Today, Saihanba is known as
“ ”.

1. be narrow 2. junior high school
3. group discussions 4. makes it convenient
5. the green miracle

【分析】本题为根据中文意思补全英语句子的题型，需结合初中英语的固定搭配、常用词汇及句型结构解题：1. 第一题考查used to的用法，used to后接动词原形，对应中文“很窄”需填be narrow；2. 第二题“初中学校”是固定短语junior high school；3. 第三题“小组讨论”对应group discussions，注意复数形式；4. 第四题考查“make it + 形容词 + for sb to do sth”结构，主语the bridge为第三人称单数，动词用makes，“方便”对应convenient；5. 第五题“绿色奇迹”是专有名词短语the green miracle。
【解析】1. used to后接动词原形，故填be narrow；2. “初中学校”的英语表达为junior high school；3. “小组讨论”的英语表达为group discussions；4. 结合固定结构make it convenient for sb to do sth，主语为单数，故填makes it convenient；5. “绿色奇迹”的英语表达为the green miracle。
【答案】1. be narrow 2. junior high school 3. group discussions 4. makes it convenient 5. the green miracle
【知识点】固定搭配、词汇运用、句型结构
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础知识点，包括常用短语、固定句式及专有名词，难度较低，侧重基础能力的考查。
【难度系数】0.8

Ⅳ. 根据上下文意思，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式补全短文。
great change happy dirt wide be
lead narrow convenient government
My hometown is a beautiful place. It 1. a lot over the years. When I was a little child, my hometown was a quiet village. There were only a few small houses and a 2. road. The road was made of 3. , so when it rained, it became very muddy.
People in my hometown used to 4. a simple life. Most of them 5. farmers. They worked hard in the corn fields every day and grew rice and vegetables. There was no supermarket in the village, so people had to go to the town to buy things. There was also no school nearby, so many children couldn't go to school easily.
But now, great changes have taken place in my hometown. The narrow dirt road has become a 6. and clean one. Many families have built new houses or moved into modern flats. Transport has become much better. Buses, taxis and even high-speed trains can take people to different places quickly. It's very 7. for people to get around. The local 8. has also built many public facilities. There are big supermarkets, beautiful schools and modern hospitals. Children can get a good education. People's living conditions have improved 9. . The changes have made people's lives 10. than before. I love my hometown.

1. has changed 2. narrow 3. dirt 4. lead 5. were
6. wide 7. convenient 8. government 9. greatly
10. happier

【分析】
本题为选词填空题型，需先通读短文把握家乡今昔变化的语境，再结合每个空格的句子结构、时态、词性要求，从给定单词中选取恰当词汇并调整为正确形式，最终使短文语义通顺、语法正确。
【解析】
1. 由时间状语"over the years"（多年来）可知，此处用现在完成时，主语为it，故填has changed；
2. 结合后文提到现在路变宽，可知过去是窄路，故填形容词narrow；
3. 描述路的材质，"be made of"后接名词，故填dirt；
4. 固定搭配"used to do sth."（过去常常做某事），此处表示过着简单生活，故填动词原形lead；
5. 主语most of them为复数，描述过去的状态，be动词用were；
6. 与前文的narrow对应，现在路变宽，故填形容词wide；
7. 描述交通状况，"it's + adj. + for sb. to do sth."结构，故填convenient；
8. 表示当地的机构，结合语境是政府建公共设施，故填government；
9. 修饰动词improved，需用副词，great的副词形式为greatly；
10. 由"than before"可知用比较级，happy的比较级为happier；
【答案】
1. has changed 2. narrow 3. dirt 4. lead 5. were 6. wide 7. convenient 8. government 9. greatly 10. happier
【知识点】
选词填空（适当形式）、现在完成时、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇在语境中的运用，结合时态、词性、固定搭配等语法知识，是初中英语常见的基础题型，侧重考查学生的词汇积累和语境分析能力。
【难度系数】
0.3