Ⅱ.Grammar cloze.
Ellie Carter, 16, is not yet old enough to drive a car in the UK. However, she can fly a plane.
Carter 1. (become) the youngest solo glider pilot（单人滑翔机飞行员）on her 14th birthday. On Dec 1, 2018, she 2. (fly) solo in a powered aircraft and became the youngest British person qualified to fly a powered plane. She 3. (spend) 75 hours in the sky in total so far. Carter 4. (be) interested in flying since she was a little kid. At the age of 9, she was invited to the US to fly with the base’s pilots. Since then, she 5. (start) taking flying lessons. She saves up her pocket money to pay for the lessons.

1. became 2. flew 3. has spent 4. has been 5. has started

【分析】
做语法填空时，需根据句中的时间状语判断动词的时态：1. 空后“on her 14th birthday”是过去的时间点，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时；2. 时间状语“On Dec 1, 2018”是明确的过去时间，用一般过去时；3. 时间状语“so far”（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，主语为she，用“has+过去分词”结构；4. 时间状语“since she was a little kid”（自从小时候），since引导的时间状语从句对应的主句用现在完成时，主语为she，用“has+过去分词”结构；5. 时间状语“Since then”（从那以后）是现在完成时的标志，主语为she，用“has+过去分词”结构。
【解析】
1. 由过去时间状语“on her 14th birthday”可知，此处用一般过去时，become的过去式为became；
2. 由过去时间状语“On Dec 1, 2018”可知，此处用一般过去时，fly的过去式为flew；
3. 由现在完成时标志“so far”可知，此处用现在完成时，spend的过去分词为spent，主语为she，故填has spent；
4. 由现在完成时标志“since she was a little kid”可知，此处用现在完成时，be的过去分词为been，主语为she，故填has been；
5. 由现在完成时标志“Since then”可知，此处用现在完成时，start的过去分词为started，主语为she，故填has started。
【答案】
1. became 2. flew 3. has spent 4. has been 5. has started
【知识点】
一般过去时、现在完成时
【点评】
本题考查动词时态的运用，核心是通过识别句中时间状语确定对应时态，难度适中，是初中英语语法填空的常见考点。
【难度系数】
0.5

I 在特洛伊战争之后，当时藏在木马里的一个战士向他的家人讲述了他的经历。请以那名战士的口吻，以 A story about the Trojan War 为题写一篇80词左右的文章。
参考词汇：capture Troy 占领特洛伊；main gates 主门；inside the wooden horse 在木马里面；pull ... into 把……拖进；make jokes about somebody 取笑某人；celebrate 庆祝

We tried to capture Troy for ten years, but did not succeed. Then we thought of a trick.
We built a huge wooden horse and left it outside the main gate. During the night, our army disappeared but didn’t go far away. In the morning, the Trojans saw the horse. I was inside the horse with another five soldiers. The Trojans opened the gates and pulled the horse into the city. That night they celebrated and made jokes about us. Then they locked the gates and went to sleep. Then we climbed out of the horse, opened the main gates and our army entered the city.

【分析】本题要求以藏在木马的战士口吻，写一篇80词左右关于特洛伊战争的记叙文，需用到给定参考词汇。解题思路：1. 按时间顺序梳理木马计的完整情节：先点明特洛伊久攻不下的背景，引出木马计；2. 描述建木马、藏于主门外，自己与战友藏在木马内的细节；3. 叙述特洛伊人拖木马进城、庆祝取笑的场景；4. 最后交代夜里战士们里应外合破城的结局，确保融入所有参考词汇，控制字数。
【解析】以第一人称（战士视角），按时间顺序组织语言，依次交代事件起因（久攻特洛伊）、经过（建木马、藏木马、特洛伊人拖入、庆祝）、结果（里应外合破城），准确运用参考词汇，确保情节连贯，符合80词左右的要求。
【答案】We tried to capture Troy for ten years, but did not succeed. Then we thought of a trick. We built a huge wooden horse and left it outside the main gate. During the night, our army disappeared but didn’t go far away. In the morning, the Trojans saw the horse. I was inside the horse with another five soldiers. The Trojans opened the gates and pulled the horse into the city. That night they celebrated and made jokes about us. Then they locked the gates and went to sleep. Then we climbed out of the horse, opened the main gates and our army entered the city.
【知识点】英语记叙文写作，词汇运用，特洛伊文化常识
【点评】该写作紧扣题目要求，以战士的第一人称视角清晰讲述特洛伊木马计的完整过程，准确运用所有参考词汇，情节连贯，符合字数要求，是一篇符合标准的英语写作。
【难度系数】0.5