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Ⅲ. 阅读理解(每小题2分，共20分)
A
跨学科 语文 Confucius teaches us wisdom to deal with confusion,
anxiety and fear.
Confusion, worry, fear ... Having such bad feelings is not strange to us. But how can we get through these challenges? We can find Confucius' wisdom in *The Analects of Confucius*.
子曰：“知者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧。”——《论语》
Confucius said, “The wise are free from doubts, the benevolent from anxiety, and the brave from fear.” —*The Analects of Confucius*
What does it mean?
Wei Shengkun is a Chinese teacher from the Affiliated High School of Peking University in Beijing. He shares that being wise, kind and brave seems simple and easily understood. However, what makes a person truly wise is questioned.
Zhu Xi, a great thinker in the Southern Song Dynasty(1127－1279), believed that a truly wise person understands the main rules of the world. This shows the importance of learning and thinking, because only through these can we truly become wise. Zhu also pointed out that the most important thing in life is to be kind to others and have a heart full of kindness. Such a person won't worry because their kindness helps people around them and helps themselves as well. This person will also have the courage to face the unknown, so they won't fear anything.
In all, to overcome(克服) bad feelings, we need to start learning as soon as possible and look for the world's greatest truth.
21. What does Confucius say about the wise in *The Analects of Confucius*?
A. They are always happy.
B. They are free from fear.
C. They are not confused.
D. They are easily worried.
22. What does the underlined word “themselves” refer to?
A. Kind people.
B. Great thinkers.
C. Chinese teachers.
D. Brave people.
23. What did Zhu Xi believe the most important thing is in life?
A. Being wealthy.
B. Being famous.
C. Showing kindness.
D. Doubting everything.
24. 思维品质 逻辑思维 Why did Wei Shengkun mention Zhu Xi as an example?
A. Because Zhu Xi was a teacher at the same school as Wei Shengkun.
B. Because Zhu Xi's ideas match what Wei Shengkun is talking about.
C. Because Zhu Xi was the only person who knew the world's main rules.
D. Because Wei Shengkun likes Zhu Xi's poems and thoughts better.
25. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. The Path to Happiness: Confucius' Teachings
B. The Role of Education in Personal Growth
C. Zhu Xi's Philosophy About Truth in Life
D. Looking for Truth to Be a Wise Man
A
跨学科 语文 Confucius teaches us wisdom to deal with confusion,
anxiety and fear.
Confusion, worry, fear ... Having such bad feelings is not strange to us. But how can we get through these challenges? We can find Confucius' wisdom in *The Analects of Confucius*.
子曰：“知者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧。”——《论语》
Confucius said, “The wise are free from doubts, the benevolent from anxiety, and the brave from fear.” —*The Analects of Confucius*
What does it mean?
Wei Shengkun is a Chinese teacher from the Affiliated High School of Peking University in Beijing. He shares that being wise, kind and brave seems simple and easily understood. However, what makes a person truly wise is questioned.
Zhu Xi, a great thinker in the Southern Song Dynasty(1127－1279), believed that a truly wise person understands the main rules of the world. This shows the importance of learning and thinking, because only through these can we truly become wise. Zhu also pointed out that the most important thing in life is to be kind to others and have a heart full of kindness. Such a person won't worry because their kindness helps people around them and helps themselves as well. This person will also have the courage to face the unknown, so they won't fear anything.
In all, to overcome(克服) bad feelings, we need to start learning as soon as possible and look for the world's greatest truth.
21. What does Confucius say about the wise in *The Analects of Confucius*?
A. They are always happy.
B. They are free from fear.
C. They are not confused.
D. They are easily worried.
22. What does the underlined word “themselves” refer to?
A. Kind people.
B. Great thinkers.
C. Chinese teachers.
D. Brave people.
23. What did Zhu Xi believe the most important thing is in life?
A. Being wealthy.
B. Being famous.
C. Showing kindness.
D. Doubting everything.
24. 思维品质 逻辑思维 Why did Wei Shengkun mention Zhu Xi as an example?
A. Because Zhu Xi was a teacher at the same school as Wei Shengkun.
B. Because Zhu Xi's ideas match what Wei Shengkun is talking about.
C. Because Zhu Xi was the only person who knew the world's main rules.
D. Because Wei Shengkun likes Zhu Xi's poems and thoughts better.
25. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. The Path to Happiness: Confucius' Teachings
B. The Role of Education in Personal Growth
C. Zhu Xi's Philosophy About Truth in Life
D. Looking for Truth to Be a Wise Man
答案
21.C 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.D
A
【语篇解读】文章是一篇议论文。主要讲述了孔子在《论语》中的话以及朱熹对其的解读,强调了通过学习和思考寻找世界的真理才能成为智者,克服不良情绪。
21. C 解析:细节理解题。根据“子曰:‘知者不惑,仁者不忧,勇者不惧。’”可知孔子在《论语》中说智者不惑,也就是智者不困惑,不迷茫。故选 C。
22. A 解析:代词指代题。根据“This shows the importance of learning and thinking ... Such a person won't worry because their kindness helps people around them and helps themselves as well.”可知这里说的是善良的人不会担忧,因为他们的善良既帮助了周围的人也帮助了他们自己,所以“themselves”指的是善良的人。故选 A。
23. C 解析:细节理解题。根据“Zhu also pointed out that the most important thing in life is to be kind to others and have a heart full of kindness.”可知朱熹认为人生中最重要的事情是表现出善良。故选 C。
24. B 解析:推理判断题。根据“Wei Shengkun is a Chinese teacher from the Affiliated High School of Peking University in Beijing ... believed that a truly wise person understands the main rules of the world.”可知魏胜坤提到朱熹是因为朱熹的观点与魏胜坤所谈论的内容相匹配。故选 B。
25. D 解析:标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了孔子在《论语》中的话以及朱熹对其的解读,强调了通过学习和思考寻找世界的真理才能成为智者,克服不良情绪。选项 D“寻找真理成为智者”符合文章主旨。故选 D。
A
【语篇解读】文章是一篇议论文。主要讲述了孔子在《论语》中的话以及朱熹对其的解读,强调了通过学习和思考寻找世界的真理才能成为智者,克服不良情绪。
21. C 解析:细节理解题。根据“子曰:‘知者不惑,仁者不忧,勇者不惧。’”可知孔子在《论语》中说智者不惑,也就是智者不困惑,不迷茫。故选 C。
22. A 解析:代词指代题。根据“This shows the importance of learning and thinking ... Such a person won't worry because their kindness helps people around them and helps themselves as well.”可知这里说的是善良的人不会担忧,因为他们的善良既帮助了周围的人也帮助了他们自己,所以“themselves”指的是善良的人。故选 A。
23. C 解析:细节理解题。根据“Zhu also pointed out that the most important thing in life is to be kind to others and have a heart full of kindness.”可知朱熹认为人生中最重要的事情是表现出善良。故选 C。
24. B 解析:推理判断题。根据“Wei Shengkun is a Chinese teacher from the Affiliated High School of Peking University in Beijing ... believed that a truly wise person understands the main rules of the world.”可知魏胜坤提到朱熹是因为朱熹的观点与魏胜坤所谈论的内容相匹配。故选 B。
25. D 解析:标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了孔子在《论语》中的话以及朱熹对其的解读,强调了通过学习和思考寻找世界的真理才能成为智者,克服不良情绪。选项 D“寻找真理成为智者”符合文章主旨。故选 D。
解析
【分析】
做此类阅读理解题，需遵循“先读题定位，再结合题型特点解题”的思路：1. 细节理解题：直接在原文中找到对应题干的句子，比对选项得出答案；2. 代词指代题：联系代词所在句的上下文，明确指代对象；3. 推理判断题：结合原文逻辑判断举例原因，避免主观臆断；4. 标题归纳题：梳理全文主旨，选择最贴合的选项。本题为跨学科题型，需结合语文中《论语》及朱熹的思想知识辅助解题。
【解析】
21. 细节理解题：根据原文“子曰：‘知者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧。’”可知，孔子提到智者不会困惑，对应选项C。A选项“总是开心”、B选项“不害怕”（是勇者的特点）、D选项“容易担忧”均不符合，故选C。
22. 代词指代题：定位到原文“Such a person won't worry because their kindness helps people around them and helps themselves as well.”，此处“Such a person”指前文“对他人友善、有善心”的人，即善良的人，故“themselves”指代善良的人，选A。
23. 细节理解题：根据原文“Zhu also pointed out that the most important thing in life is to be kind to others and have a heart full of kindness.”可知，朱熹认为人生最重要的是表现出善良，对应选项C。A（富有）、B（出名）、D（怀疑一切）均未提及，故选C。
24. 推理判断题：魏胜坤提到朱熹，是因为朱熹关于“智者需理解世界规则、善良的人无焦虑”的论述，与魏胜坤谈论的“克服不良情绪、成为智者”的内容相匹配，对应选项B。A（同校）、C（唯一懂规则）、D（喜欢诗）均无依据，故选B。
25. 标题归纳题：全文围绕孔子“知者不惑”的观点，结合朱熹的解读，强调通过学习和思考寻找世界真理以成为智者、克服不良情绪，选项D最贴合主旨，故选D。
【答案】
21.C 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.D
【知识点】
阅读理解解题技巧、跨学科语文知识
【点评】
本题为跨学科阅读理解题，融合英语阅读能力与语文《论语》、朱熹思想的相关知识，考查细节查找、代词指代、逻辑推理及主旨归纳能力，题型基础，注重知识的综合运用。
【难度系数】
0.6
做此类阅读理解题，需遵循“先读题定位，再结合题型特点解题”的思路：1. 细节理解题：直接在原文中找到对应题干的句子，比对选项得出答案；2. 代词指代题：联系代词所在句的上下文，明确指代对象；3. 推理判断题：结合原文逻辑判断举例原因，避免主观臆断；4. 标题归纳题：梳理全文主旨，选择最贴合的选项。本题为跨学科题型，需结合语文中《论语》及朱熹的思想知识辅助解题。
【解析】
21. 细节理解题：根据原文“子曰：‘知者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧。’”可知，孔子提到智者不会困惑，对应选项C。A选项“总是开心”、B选项“不害怕”（是勇者的特点）、D选项“容易担忧”均不符合，故选C。
22. 代词指代题：定位到原文“Such a person won't worry because their kindness helps people around them and helps themselves as well.”，此处“Such a person”指前文“对他人友善、有善心”的人，即善良的人，故“themselves”指代善良的人，选A。
23. 细节理解题：根据原文“Zhu also pointed out that the most important thing in life is to be kind to others and have a heart full of kindness.”可知，朱熹认为人生最重要的是表现出善良，对应选项C。A（富有）、B（出名）、D（怀疑一切）均未提及，故选C。
24. 推理判断题：魏胜坤提到朱熹，是因为朱熹关于“智者需理解世界规则、善良的人无焦虑”的论述，与魏胜坤谈论的“克服不良情绪、成为智者”的内容相匹配，对应选项B。A（同校）、C（唯一懂规则）、D（喜欢诗）均无依据，故选B。
25. 标题归纳题：全文围绕孔子“知者不惑”的观点，结合朱熹的解读，强调通过学习和思考寻找世界真理以成为智者、克服不良情绪，选项D最贴合主旨，故选D。
【答案】
21.C 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.D
【知识点】
阅读理解解题技巧、跨学科语文知识
【点评】
本题为跨学科阅读理解题，融合英语阅读能力与语文《论语》、朱熹思想的相关知识，考查细节查找、代词指代、逻辑推理及主旨归纳能力，题型基础，注重知识的综合运用。
【难度系数】
0.6
