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阅读短文,用英文填空或回答问题。(注意每小题的词数要求)
Subways, also known as underground trains, are an important part of city life. They help people travel quickly and avoid heavy traffic on the busy streets.
The first subway system was built in London in 1863. It was called the Metropolitan Railway and used steam-powered(蒸汽动力的) trains. At that time, the tunnels(隧道) were dark and filled with smoke, but the subway was still a faster way to travel than horse carriages. This early subway system became an example for other countries, pushing them to build their own subway systems.
By the early 20th century, subways had become more modern. Steam-powered trains were no longer used. Instead, electric trains took their place, making the air cleaner and the rides smoother. Many developed countries in the West built their own subway systems. These subways were faster and could carry more people.
In the mid-20th century, subways continued to improve. Trains became faster and more comfortable, and stations were built with better lighting and signs to help passengers find their way.
Today, subways are common in big cities. Modern subways are clean as well as fast, and use high technology. Some cities have even built driverless trains that run on their own. Subways are also more environmentally friendly because they reduce the number of cars on the road, which helps reduce air pollution.
Subways have developed step by step, which shows the power of technology. They have brought convenience to city life. From trains full of smoke in the past to modern electric subway systems, subways have changed a lot ▲.
46-49. Complete the mind map according to the passage.(每空不超过6词)
The development of subways
In 1863
The first subway system was built.
It was served as 46.
By the early 20th century
47.
In the middle of the 20th century
Train stations were built with 48.
Today
Modern subways are clean as well as fast, and use 49.
50. Please write a sentence to fill in
to end the passage.
(不超过25词)
Subways, also known as underground trains, are an important part of city life. They help people travel quickly and avoid heavy traffic on the busy streets.
The first subway system was built in London in 1863. It was called the Metropolitan Railway and used steam-powered(蒸汽动力的) trains. At that time, the tunnels(隧道) were dark and filled with smoke, but the subway was still a faster way to travel than horse carriages. This early subway system became an example for other countries, pushing them to build their own subway systems.
By the early 20th century, subways had become more modern. Steam-powered trains were no longer used. Instead, electric trains took their place, making the air cleaner and the rides smoother. Many developed countries in the West built their own subway systems. These subways were faster and could carry more people.
In the mid-20th century, subways continued to improve. Trains became faster and more comfortable, and stations were built with better lighting and signs to help passengers find their way.
Today, subways are common in big cities. Modern subways are clean as well as fast, and use high technology. Some cities have even built driverless trains that run on their own. Subways are also more environmentally friendly because they reduce the number of cars on the road, which helps reduce air pollution.
Subways have developed step by step, which shows the power of technology. They have brought convenience to city life. From trains full of smoke in the past to modern electric subway systems, subways have changed a lot ▲.
46-49. Complete the mind map according to the passage.(每空不超过6词)
The development of subways
In 1863
The first subway system was built.
It was served as 46.
an example for other countries
and pushed them to build their own subway systems.By the early 20th century
47.
Electric trains
took the place of steam-powered trains.In the middle of the 20th century
Train stations were built with 48.
better lighting and signs
to help passengers find their way.Today
Modern subways are clean as well as fast, and use 49.
high technology
.50. Please write a sentence to fill in
to end the passage.They will continue to improve in the future.(答案不唯一)
(不超过25词)
答案
46. an example for other countries
47. Electric trains
48. better lighting and signs
49. high technology
50. They will continue to improve in the future.(答案不唯一)
47. Electric trains
48. better lighting and signs
49. high technology
50. They will continue to improve in the future.(答案不唯一)
解析
【分析】
本题分为两部分，46-49题需根据题干的时间关键词，回到原文对应段落定位关键信息，提取符合词数要求的内容；50题需结合前文地铁逐步发展的主题，补全一句不超过25词的总结性句子。解题核心是精准定位原文细节，匹配题干要求。
【解析】
1. 46题：定位原文第二段，关键句为“This early subway system became an example for other countries, pushing them to build their own subway systems”，提取符合词数要求的内容，即an example for other countries。
2. 47题：定位原文第三段，关键句为“Instead, electric trains took their place”，提取主语Electric trains。
3. 48题：定位原文第四段，关键句为“stations were built with better lighting and signs to help passengers find their way”，提取所需内容better lighting and signs。
4. 49题：定位原文第五段，关键句为“Modern subways are clean as well as fast, and use high technology”，提取内容high technology。
5. 50题：结合前文“Subways have developed step by step”的主题，补全一句总结发展趋势的句子，如They will continue to improve in the future.（符合不超25词的要求）
【答案】
46. an example for other countries；47. Electric trains；48. better lighting and signs；49. high technology；50. They will continue to improve in the future.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，信息提取，英语句子补全
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语阅读文本的细节定位与信息提取能力，以及句子补全的表达能力，需准确对应原文内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题分为两部分，46-49题需根据题干的时间关键词，回到原文对应段落定位关键信息，提取符合词数要求的内容；50题需结合前文地铁逐步发展的主题，补全一句不超过25词的总结性句子。解题核心是精准定位原文细节，匹配题干要求。
【解析】
1. 46题：定位原文第二段，关键句为“This early subway system became an example for other countries, pushing them to build their own subway systems”，提取符合词数要求的内容，即an example for other countries。
2. 47题：定位原文第三段，关键句为“Instead, electric trains took their place”，提取主语Electric trains。
3. 48题：定位原文第四段，关键句为“stations were built with better lighting and signs to help passengers find their way”，提取所需内容better lighting and signs。
4. 49题：定位原文第五段，关键句为“Modern subways are clean as well as fast, and use high technology”，提取内容high technology。
5. 50题：结合前文“Subways have developed step by step”的主题，补全一句总结发展趋势的句子，如They will continue to improve in the future.（符合不超25词的要求）
【答案】
46. an example for other countries；47. Electric trains；48. better lighting and signs；49. high technology；50. They will continue to improve in the future.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，信息提取，英语句子补全
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语阅读文本的细节定位与信息提取能力，以及句子补全的表达能力，需准确对应原文内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
