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五、阅读理解。
Mount Qomolangma(珠穆朗玛峰) is facing a big risk from human activity. Both climate change and microplastics(微塑料) are polluting the mountain and causing its ice to melt, scientists say.
A recent study found that Qomolangma is full of microplastics, which have caused lots of pollution. They are usually less than 5mm in size. They can be found in many things, including the clothing, bags and ropes that are left behind by climbers. Microplastics take thousands of years to break down on their own. They are already known for posing a danger to sea animals.
Global warming is also affecting the mountain, as well as its climbers. Another study finds that the glaciers(冰川) around Qomolangma have thinned by more than 100 metres since the 1960s. As the ice melts, cracks(裂缝) in the ice are becoming deeper and more dangerous, posing a risk to those who try to climb the mountain, according to Global News.
Landslides(滑坡) are also becoming more likely. There are many parts of the mountain that are held together by just frozen rocks or permafrost(永久冻土), according to Professor Joseph Shea at the University of Northern British Columbia, Canada. When this permafrost melts, the risk of dangerous landslides goes up.
(
A. They are less than 5mm in size.
B. They can hardly be found in many things.
C. They break down easily.
D. They are harmless to sea animals.
(
A. By ocean pollution.
B. By melting ice.
C. By climbers.
D. By industrial waste.
(
A. The mountain.
B. The climbers.
C. The local economy.
D. A and B
(
a. Because cracks in the ice have become deeper.
b. Because the glaciers are thicker.
c. Because landslides are more likely to happen.
d. Because Mount Qomolangma is facing some risks.
A. ab
B. ac
C. bc
D. cd
Mount Qomolangma(珠穆朗玛峰) is facing a big risk from human activity. Both climate change and microplastics(微塑料) are polluting the mountain and causing its ice to melt, scientists say.
A recent study found that Qomolangma is full of microplastics, which have caused lots of pollution. They are usually less than 5mm in size. They can be found in many things, including the clothing, bags and ropes that are left behind by climbers. Microplastics take thousands of years to break down on their own. They are already known for posing a danger to sea animals.
Global warming is also affecting the mountain, as well as its climbers. Another study finds that the glaciers(冰川) around Qomolangma have thinned by more than 100 metres since the 1960s. As the ice melts, cracks(裂缝) in the ice are becoming deeper and more dangerous, posing a risk to those who try to climb the mountain, according to Global News.
Landslides(滑坡) are also becoming more likely. There are many parts of the mountain that are held together by just frozen rocks or permafrost(永久冻土), according to Professor Joseph Shea at the University of Northern British Columbia, Canada. When this permafrost melts, the risk of dangerous landslides goes up.
(
A
)1. What do we know about microplastics?A. They are less than 5mm in size.
B. They can hardly be found in many things.
C. They break down easily.
D. They are harmless to sea animals.
(
C
)2. Why is microplastic pollution on the mountain caused?A. By ocean pollution.
B. By melting ice.
C. By climbers.
D. By industrial waste.
(
D
)3. What does the global warming affect?A. The mountain.
B. The climbers.
C. The local economy.
D. A and B
(
B
)4. Why is it more dangerous to climb the mountain now?a. Because cracks in the ice have become deeper.
b. Because the glaciers are thicker.
c. Because landslides are more likely to happen.
d. Because Mount Qomolangma is facing some risks.
A. ab
B. ac
C. bc
D. cd
答案
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B
解析
【分析】
做这类英语阅读理解题时，需先明确题目考查的是细节信息，解题思路是带着每个问题回到原文中定位对应内容，再逐一比对选项与原文表述，排除错误选项后选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第二段“They are usually less than 5mm in size.”可知A选项正确；B选项与原文“found in many things”矛盾；C选项与“take thousands of years to break down”矛盾；D选项与“posing a danger to sea animals”矛盾，故选A。
2. 第2题：原文第二段提到微塑料存在于登山者留下的衣物、袋子、绳子中，说明微塑料污染由登山者造成，故选C。
3. 第3题：原文第三段第一句“Global warming is also affecting the mountain, as well as its climbers.”明确指出全球变暖影响山和登山者，故选D。
4. 第4题：原文第三段提到冰裂缝更深更危险，第四段提到滑坡更易发生，对应a、c两点，故选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解细节理解
【点评】
本题考查对文章细节信息的查找与理解，题型基础，只要能准确定位原文对应内容即可选出答案，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这类英语阅读理解题时，需先明确题目考查的是细节信息，解题思路是带着每个问题回到原文中定位对应内容，再逐一比对选项与原文表述，排除错误选项后选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第二段“They are usually less than 5mm in size.”可知A选项正确；B选项与原文“found in many things”矛盾；C选项与“take thousands of years to break down”矛盾；D选项与“posing a danger to sea animals”矛盾，故选A。
2. 第2题：原文第二段提到微塑料存在于登山者留下的衣物、袋子、绳子中，说明微塑料污染由登山者造成，故选C。
3. 第3题：原文第三段第一句“Global warming is also affecting the mountain, as well as its climbers.”明确指出全球变暖影响山和登山者，故选D。
4. 第4题：原文第三段提到冰裂缝更深更危险，第四段提到滑坡更易发生，对应a、c两点，故选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解细节理解
【点评】
本题考查对文章细节信息的查找与理解，题型基础，只要能准确定位原文对应内容即可选出答案，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
