A
What are PE lessons like in your country? Some students from all over the world tell something about their PE classes.
Nancy, 16, the UK
At my school, sports can be relaxing. As a 1(city) of the UK, I really enjoy this flexible PE style. You don’t have to go to a 40 - minute class each week. Instead, we get to pick when we want 2(play) sport. Our school has many 3(amaze) activities. We can take lessons in swimming, rock climbing, dancing and so on.
Nick, 15, the US
In my school, every afternoon from 3:30 to 5 is PE time. These PE activities are good for our physical and social 4(develop). In PE classes, students usually just do some exercise, such as running and weight lifting in the gym. However, people in the US love sports 5 lot. Sports team 6(train) is another way of PE.
Emilia Jovic, 16, Serbia
In Serbia, our school classes include two hours 7 PE per week. Each part 8(last) 50 minutes. During our classes, we start with 10 minutes of running, and then we play different sports like soccer, basketball, volleyball, 9 badminton. I’m 10(plea) that we can learn so many useful sports skills. Many students at my school love physical activities very much.
Different countries have different PE lessons. Most of the students like them very much. Doing sport is a great way to stay active and improve our health. Do you think so?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. citizen 2. to play 3. amazing 4. development 5. a
6. training 7. of 8. lasts 9. or 10. pleased

【分析】
这是一篇介绍不同国家体育课特色的短文语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，理清文章整体语境是来自不同国家的学生介绍本国的体育课情况。接下来逐个分析每个空格的考点：首先判断空格在句子中充当的成分，结合给出的提示词确定是否需要做词性转换，没有提示词的空格则结合固定搭配、句子逻辑、所属关系等规则推导答案，全程要贴合上下文语义保证答案符合逻辑。
【解析】
1. 第1空：提示词为city，句意为“作为英国的一名市民，我很喜欢这种灵活的体育模式”，需要把表示“城市”的city转换为表示“市民”的名词citizen，前面有不定冠词a，用单数形式即可，故填citizen。
2. 第2空：提示词为play，此处是固定搭配want to do sth.，意为“想要做某事”，需要使用动词不定式结构，故填to play。
3. 第3空：提示词为amaze，空格后是名词activities，需要用修饰事物的形容词作定语，amaze对应的形容词amazing表示“令人赞叹的、很棒的”，符合语境，故填amazing。
4. 第4空：提示词为develop，空格前有形容词physical和social，形容词需要修饰名词，因此把动词develop转换为名词development，意为“发展”，表示身体和社交层面的发展，故填development。
5. 第5空：此处是固定短语a lot，用来修饰动词love，表示“非常、很”，故填不定冠词a。
6. 第6空：提示词为train，空格处在句中作主语，句意为“运动队训练是体育课的另一种形式”，需要把动词train转换为表示“训练”的名词training，故填training。
7. 第7空：此处要表达“每周两小时的体育课”，用介词of表示所属关系，构成two hours of PE的常用表达，故填of。
8. 第8空：提示词为last，全文使用一般现在时，句子主语Each part是单数第三人称，谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式lasts，意为“持续”，故填lasts。
9. 第9空：此处列举足球、篮球、排球、羽毛球等不同运动项目，最后并列的选择项用连词or连接，符合语境逻辑，故填or。
10. 第10空：提示词为plea，空格在be动词am之后作表语，固定搭配be pleased that...表示“很高兴……”，需要把plea转换为形容词pleased，故填pleased。
【答案】
1. citizen 2. to play 3. amazing 4. development 5. a
6. training 7. of 8. lasts 9. or 10. pleased
【知识点】
词性转换，固定搭配，主谓一致
【点评】
本题属于典型的初中英语短文语法填空题型，考点覆盖了名词派生、非谓语动词、形容词转换、冠词、介词、连词等核心基础知识点，既考察学生对词性变化规则的掌握程度，也要求学生能结合上下文语义分析句子成分，整体考点分布均衡，适合巩固基础语法知识使用。
【难度系数】
0.6

B
We want a great world. To make it, we need to work on three things: protecting the environment, supporting charities, and being polite. It’s not always easy, 1 it’s very important for our future.
First, protecting our environment matters. We know plastic pollutes oceans and 2(hurt) animals. This pollution can even make us sick. We shouldn’t wish others 3(fix) this alone. Everyone can help! We can separate rubbish for recycling at home and at school. Governments should 4(punish) the factories that pollute too much.
Second, charities do great work. Some people get sick and can’t afford their 5(medicine) care. Good charities help them 6 giving out medicine at home and abroad. They spread help to people who need it most. To do this well, they need to communicate clearly with everyone involved, like volunteers. So far, they 7(build) hundreds of helpful centres in different countries. They also tell people online that more money 8(need) to help more people. Maybe you can donate money or items to a charity you like!
Third, being polite makes everything better. Having 9 calm discussion helps us find good solutions together. Simple things like saying “please” and “thank you” can spread kindness.
In conclusion, we can see good things happen when everyone does their part. Let’s take action and make a good 10(different)! We can make a cleaner, healthier, and happier world!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. but 2. hurts 3. to fix 4. punish 5. medical 6. by
7. have built 8. is needed 9. a 10. difference

【分析】
这是一篇主题为共建美好世界的短文语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，把握文章整体以一般现在时为主的时态特征，结合语境和基础语法规则逐个推导空格：
1. 先看第1空，前后两个分句“这件事并不总是容易”和“它对我们的未来非常重要”是转折逻辑，对应转折连词即可。
2. 第2空and并列两个谓语，主语plastic是不可数名词，前面的谓语pollutes是三单形式，要匹配主谓一致规则把hurt变三单形式。
3. 第3空回忆wish的固定搭配，wish sb to do sth表示希望某人做某事，直接填不定式结构。
4. 第4空情态动词should后面必须接动词原形，直接用给出的动词原形punish即可。
5. 第5空后面是名词care，需要用形容词作定语修饰，把名词medicine变成对应的形容词形式。
6. 第6空后面是动名词结构giving out medicine，要表达“通过分发药品的方式帮助他们”，用引出方式的介词by。
7. 第7空看到标志词so far（到目前为止），是现在完成时的典型提示，主语是they，套用现在完成时结构即可。
8. 第8空主语more money和动词need是被动关系，钱是“被需要”，money是不可数名词，套用一般现在时的被动语态结构。
9. 第9空后面的calm discussion是可数名词单数，这里表泛指“一场冷静的讨论”，补充对应的不定冠词即可。
10. 第10空回忆固定短语make a difference表示“有影响、起作用”，把形容词different变成对应的名词形式即可。
【解析】
1. 考查转折连词：前后句存在语义转折“这件事不总是容易，但对我们的未来很重要”，填but。
2. 考查一般现在时主谓一致：and并列两个谓语，主语plastic为不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式，填hurts。
3. 考查非谓语动词：固定搭配wish sb. to do sth. 意为“希望某人做某事”，填to fix。
4. 考查情态动词用法：情态动词should后接动词原形，填punish。
5. 考查词形转换：修饰名词care需要用形容词，medicine的形容词形式是medical，medical care意为“医疗护理”，填medical。
6. 考查方式介词：此处表示“通过分发药品的方式帮助他们”，by后接动名词表行为方式，填by。
7. 考查现在完成时：时间标志so far（到目前为止）是现在完成时的典型提示，主语为they，结构为have+过去分词，填have built。
8. 考查被动语态：主语more money和need是动宾关系，表“更多钱被需要”，money为不可数名词，时态为一般现在时，填is needed。
9. 考查不定冠词：固定搭配have a ... discussion 表示“进行一场……的讨论”，calm是以辅音音素开头的单词，填a。
10. 考查词形转换：固定短语make a difference意为“有作用、产生影响”，需要将形容词different变为名词difference，填difference。
【答案】
1. but 2. hurts 3. to fix 4. punish 5. medical 6. by 7. have built 8. is needed 9. a 10. difference
【知识点】
动词时态语态，固定搭配，词形转换
【点评】
本题属于初中阶段基础难度的短文语法填空，考点全部覆盖初中核心基础语法点，没有偏题怪题，同时文章主题正向，在考察语法知识的同时引导学生树立环保、热心公益、礼貌待人的正确观念，只要熟练掌握基础语法规则结合语境就能顺利得分。
【难度系数】
0.7