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二、阅读理解(本题有15小题,每小题2分,共计30分)
阅读下面的材料,从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A(真题·丽水)
Hanna Varge
Hungary
For Hungarian people, it is important to eat a big breakfast. My family usually has bread, sausage, and cheese. And we drink tea or cocoa. I'm too busy to have lunch. So I have a snack at 2:00 p.m., usually a sandwich and a cup of coffee. And we have dinner at 8:00 p.m. —chicken paprikash is our favourite.
Min-Jun Gang
South Korea
I get up early, so I usually just drink a cup of tisane, a popular drink in our country. I always have an early lunch, usually around 11:30. I like kimbap—this is egg, ham or fish and vegetables in rice and seaweed. It tastes good. In the evening, my mother makes jjigae and kimchi for me.
Scott Morgan
Australia
People in my country usually eat a big breakfast. We like sausage, eggs and lots of Vegemite on toast! At 12:00, I have lunch. I usually just have a sandwich because I'm so busy. In the evening, we usually have BBQs. My children love hamburgers, and I do too! I always drink a nice cold beer with my burger.
(
A. Hungarians and South Koreans.
B. Hungarians and Australians.
C. South Koreans and Australians.
D. Australians and North Koreans.
(
A.
B. C. D.
(
A. Cindy's: My Family Time
B. Lisa's: My Cooking Habits
C. Eric's: My Everyday Meals
D. Dave's: My Favourite Food
阅读下面的材料,从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A(真题·丽水)
Hanna Varge
Hungary
For Hungarian people, it is important to eat a big breakfast. My family usually has bread, sausage, and cheese. And we drink tea or cocoa. I'm too busy to have lunch. So I have a snack at 2:00 p.m., usually a sandwich and a cup of coffee. And we have dinner at 8:00 p.m. —chicken paprikash is our favourite.
Min-Jun Gang
South Korea
I get up early, so I usually just drink a cup of tisane, a popular drink in our country. I always have an early lunch, usually around 11:30. I like kimbap—this is egg, ham or fish and vegetables in rice and seaweed. It tastes good. In the evening, my mother makes jjigae and kimchi for me.
Scott Morgan
Australia
People in my country usually eat a big breakfast. We like sausage, eggs and lots of Vegemite on toast! At 12:00, I have lunch. I usually just have a sandwich because I'm so busy. In the evening, we usually have BBQs. My children love hamburgers, and I do too! I always drink a nice cold beer with my burger.
(
B
)16. Who has a big breakfast according to the blogs?A. Hungarians and South Koreans.
B. Hungarians and Australians.
C. South Koreans and Australians.
D. Australians and North Koreans.
(
A
)17. Which picture can be put into " ▲ "?A.
B. C. D.(
C
)18. Whose post(帖子) might be put in the same column(专栏)?A. Cindy's: My Family Time
B. Lisa's: My Cooking Habits
C. Eric's: My Everyday Meals
D. Dave's: My Favourite Food
答案
16.B 17.A 18.C
解析
【分析】
16题需定位原文中关于早餐的描述，找到提到吃丰盛早餐的国家对应的人物；17题结合原文内容匹配插图（按参考答案选择）；18题需归纳三个帖子的共同主题，选出契合的专栏名称。
【解析】
16题：定位Hanna Varge（Hungary）的描述“For Hungarian people, it is important to eat a big breakfast.”和Scott Morgan（Australia）的描述“People in my country usually eat a big breakfast.”，可知匈牙利人和澳大利亚人吃丰盛的早餐，对应选项B。
17题：结合原文内容及参考答案，选择A选项的插图。
18题：三个帖子分别介绍了匈牙利、韩国、澳大利亚人的日常三餐情况，主题围绕日常饮食，因此“Eric's: My Everyday Meals”（我的日常三餐）最契合，选C。
【答案】
16.B 17.A 18.C
【知识点】
阅读理解 细节理解题 主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，考查细节查找和主旨归纳能力，需准确提取原文关键信息并理解文章核心主题。
【难度系数】
0.6
16题需定位原文中关于早餐的描述，找到提到吃丰盛早餐的国家对应的人物；17题结合原文内容匹配插图（按参考答案选择）；18题需归纳三个帖子的共同主题，选出契合的专栏名称。
【解析】
16题：定位Hanna Varge（Hungary）的描述“For Hungarian people, it is important to eat a big breakfast.”和Scott Morgan（Australia）的描述“People in my country usually eat a big breakfast.”，可知匈牙利人和澳大利亚人吃丰盛的早餐，对应选项B。
17题：结合原文内容及参考答案，选择A选项的插图。
18题：三个帖子分别介绍了匈牙利、韩国、澳大利亚人的日常三餐情况，主题围绕日常饮食，因此“Eric's: My Everyday Meals”（我的日常三餐）最契合，选C。
【答案】
16.B 17.A 18.C
【知识点】
阅读理解 细节理解题 主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，考查细节查找和主旨归纳能力，需准确提取原文关键信息并理解文章核心主题。
【难度系数】
0.6
B(真题·金华浦江、兰溪)
①After a long day's work, you lie in the sofa, watching TV. Soon you fall into sleep. Then your mum tells you to go to bed. But when you get there, you find that you're wide awake. Do you know why?
②Sleep pressure(压力) is the biggest reason why you fall asleep on the sofa. Sleep pressure is from your body. The longer you've been awake, the greater the sleep pressure.
③Your environment also helps you fall asleep. You might have just eaten a meal, your very comfortable sofa is in a warm room, and maybe with a TV programme in the background. For many people, this environment is perfect for falling asleep.
④Then what happens after a nap(小睡) on the sofa? If you just fell asleep on the sofa for five minutes, you might not have too much trouble getting to sleep in bed. Because a short nap is unlikely to get away your sleep pressure very much. But if you were asleep for an hour, it might be a different result.
⑤According to research, sleep cycles(周期) might also be working against you. Most sleep cycles are about 90 minutes long. They start with light sleep, progress to middle sleep, and to deep sleep, and then end with light sleep again. If you wake up during deep sleep, you're probably feeling groggy(晕乎乎), and it might be easy to get back to sleep when you go to bed. But if you wake up during the later part of light sleep, it could be more difficult to fall asleep again in bed.
(
A. Watching TV at home.
B. The body's sleep pressure.
C. People's work in the day.
D. The environment of the room.
(
①a cool room
②a comfortable sofa
③a full stomach
④talking with others
A. ②③
B. ①④
C. ①③
D. ②④
(
A. When people take sofa naps.
B. Why people can't sleep in bed all night.
C. How sofa naps change people's bed sleep.
D. What differences sofa naps and bed naps have.
(
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
①After a long day's work, you lie in the sofa, watching TV. Soon you fall into sleep. Then your mum tells you to go to bed. But when you get there, you find that you're wide awake. Do you know why?
②Sleep pressure(压力) is the biggest reason why you fall asleep on the sofa. Sleep pressure is from your body. The longer you've been awake, the greater the sleep pressure.
③Your environment also helps you fall asleep. You might have just eaten a meal, your very comfortable sofa is in a warm room, and maybe with a TV programme in the background. For many people, this environment is perfect for falling asleep.
④Then what happens after a nap(小睡) on the sofa? If you just fell asleep on the sofa for five minutes, you might not have too much trouble getting to sleep in bed. Because a short nap is unlikely to get away your sleep pressure very much. But if you were asleep for an hour, it might be a different result.
⑤According to research, sleep cycles(周期) might also be working against you. Most sleep cycles are about 90 minutes long. They start with light sleep, progress to middle sleep, and to deep sleep, and then end with light sleep again. If you wake up during deep sleep, you're probably feeling groggy(晕乎乎), and it might be easy to get back to sleep when you go to bed. But if you wake up during the later part of light sleep, it could be more difficult to fall asleep again in bed.
(
B
)19. What mainly makes people sleep in the sofa?A. Watching TV at home.
B. The body's sleep pressure.
C. People's work in the day.
D. The environment of the room.
(
A
)20. Which of the following helps you to fall asleep in the sofa according to the passage?①a cool room
②a comfortable sofa
③a full stomach
④talking with others
A. ②③
B. ①④
C. ①③
D. ②④
(
C
)21. What's Paragraph 4 mainly about?A. When people take sofa naps.
B. Why people can't sleep in bed all night.
C. How sofa naps change people's bed sleep.
D. What differences sofa naps and bed naps have.
(
D
)22. According to research, at which point of the graph(图表) might you wake up if you find it difficult to sleep again in bed?A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
答案
19.B 20.A 21.C 22.D
解析
【分析】
本题是关于睡眠主题的阅读理解题，需结合原文细节、段落主旨及图表信息逐一分析各题目：19题定位原文找沙发入睡的主要原因；20题匹配原文提到的助眠环境；21题概括第四段核心内容；22题结合睡眠周期的描述对应图表中的点。
【解析】
19题：根据原文第②段第一句“Sleep pressure is the biggest reason why you fall asleep on the sofa.”可知，身体的睡眠压力是人们在沙发睡着的主要原因，故选B。
20题：根据原文第③段“you might have just eaten a meal, your very comfortable sofa is in a warm room”，可知舒适的沙发（②）、吃饱（③）是助眠因素，凉爽房间（①）、与人交谈（④）未提及，故选A。
21题：第④段主要讲述沙发小睡后，短时间小睡和长时间小睡对后续床上睡眠的不同影响，即沙发小睡如何改变床上睡眠，故选C。
22题：根据原文第⑤段“if you wake up during the later part of light sleep, it could be more difficult to fall asleep again in bed”，结合图表，D点处于浅睡后期，此时醒来更难再入睡，故选D。
【答案】
19.B 20.A 21.C 22.D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、阅读理解主旨大意、阅读理解推理判断
【点评】
本题围绕睡眠相关知识设置，需准确提取原文细节、理解段落主旨并结合图表信息解答，考查学生的英语阅读能力与信息匹配能力。
【难度系数】
0.3
本题是关于睡眠主题的阅读理解题，需结合原文细节、段落主旨及图表信息逐一分析各题目：19题定位原文找沙发入睡的主要原因；20题匹配原文提到的助眠环境；21题概括第四段核心内容；22题结合睡眠周期的描述对应图表中的点。
【解析】
19题：根据原文第②段第一句“Sleep pressure is the biggest reason why you fall asleep on the sofa.”可知，身体的睡眠压力是人们在沙发睡着的主要原因，故选B。
20题：根据原文第③段“you might have just eaten a meal, your very comfortable sofa is in a warm room”，可知舒适的沙发（②）、吃饱（③）是助眠因素，凉爽房间（①）、与人交谈（④）未提及，故选A。
21题：第④段主要讲述沙发小睡后，短时间小睡和长时间小睡对后续床上睡眠的不同影响，即沙发小睡如何改变床上睡眠，故选C。
22题：根据原文第⑤段“if you wake up during the later part of light sleep, it could be more difficult to fall asleep again in bed”，结合图表，D点处于浅睡后期，此时醒来更难再入睡，故选D。
【答案】
19.B 20.A 21.C 22.D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、阅读理解主旨大意、阅读理解推理判断
【点评】
本题围绕睡眠相关知识设置，需准确提取原文细节、理解段落主旨并结合图表信息解答，考查学生的英语阅读能力与信息匹配能力。
【难度系数】
0.3
